Vanguard Funds

Supplement Dated January 12, 2026, to the Statement of Additional Information

As approved by the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc. (the “Vanguard Board”), effective today, The Vanguard Group, Inc.’s (Vanguard) portfolio management and proxy voting administration services have reorganized into separate teams within two newly established wholly owned subsidiaries, Vanguard Capital Management, LLC (VCM) and Vanguard Portfolio Management, LLC (VPM) (the “Reorganization”). The Vanguard Board has determined that the Reorganization is in the best interests of the Vanguard funds and their shareholders.

In connection with the Reorganization, Vanguard has entered into intercompany service agreements with each of VCM and VPM. Each intercompany service agreement was approved by the Vanguard Board and a majority of the independent trustees of the Vanguard funds.

The Reorganization is not expected to increase the expense ratio of the Vanguard funds, nor does it necessitate any changes to the Vanguard funds’ investment objectives or strategies.

Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Changes

The following information amends, replaces, and/or supplements, as appropriate, information described in the Management of the Funds, Investment Advisory and Other Services, Proxy Voting, and other sections of this SAI. Disclosure with respect to investment advisors other than Vanguard (and portfolio managers employed by such investment advisors) remains unchanged.

Vanguard provides investment advisory services to the funds listed below (each, an “Impacted Fund”) through a wholly owned subsidiary, VCM and/or VPM, as identified in the table. All of these services are provided at Vanguard’s total cost of operations pursuant to the Fifth Amended and Restated Funds’ Service Agreement (the Agreement). In addition, in accordance with the Agreement and as approved by the board of trustees of each Vanguard fund, Vanguard has delegated portfolio management and investment stewardship responsibilities for the Impacted Funds to a wholly owned subsidiary advisor (VCM and/or VPM, as identified in the table), pursuant to an agreement between Vanguard and such subsidiary advisor(s). Any such subsidiary advisor is paid by Vanguard and the portfolio management and investment stewardship services are provided to each Impacted Fund at cost.

Vanguard Capital Management (VCM)

Vanguard 0-3 Month Treasury Bill ETF

Vanguard Multi-Sector Income Bond Fund

Vanguard 500 Index Fund

Vanguard Multi-Sector Income Bond ETF

Vanguard Balanced Index Fund

Vanguard Municipal Low Duration Fund

Vanguard California Intermediate-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard Municipal Money Market Fund

Vanguard California Long-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard New Jersey Long-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard California Municipal Money Market Fund

Vanguard New York Long-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard California Tax-Exempt Bond ETF

Vanguard New York Municipal Money Market Fund

Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund

Vanguard New York Tax-Exempt ETF

Vanguard Core Bond Fund

Vanguard Ohio Long-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard Core Bond ETF

Vanguard Pacific Stock Index Fund

Vanguard Core Tax-Exempt Bond ETF

Vanguard Pennsylvania Long-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard Core-Plus Bond Fund

Vanguard Short Duration Bond ETF

Vanguard Core-Plus Bond ETF

Vanguard Short Duration Tax-Exempt Bond ETF

Vanguard Core-Plus Bond Index ETF

Vanguard Short-Term Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Developed Markets Index Fund

Vanguard Short-Term Corporate Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Capital Management (VCM)

Vanguard Diversified Equity Fund

Vanguard Short-Term Federal Fund

Vanguard Emerging Markets Bond Fund

Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities Index Fund

Vanguard Emerging Markets Ex-China ETF

Vanguard Short-Term Investment-Grade Fund

Vanguard Emerging Markets Government Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Short-Term Tax-Exempt Bond ETF

Vanguard Emerging Markets Stock Index Fund

Vanguard Short-Term Treasury Index Fund

Vanguard ESG International Stock ETF

Vanguard Short-Term Treasury Fund

Vanguard ESG U.S. Corporate Bond ETF

Vanguard STAR Core-Plus Bond Fund

Vanguard European Stock Index Fund

Vanguard STAR Fund

Vanguard Extended Duration Treasury Index Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2020 Fund

Vanguard Extended Market Index Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2025 Fund

Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2030 Fund

Vanguard FTSE All-World ex-US Index Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2035 Fund

Vanguard FTSE All-World ex-US Small-Cap Index Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2040 Fund

Vanguard Global Credit Bond Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2045 Fund

Vanguard Global ex-U.S. Real Estate Index Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2050 Fund

Vanguard Government Securities Active ETF

Vanguard Target Retirement 2055 Fund

Vanguard High-Yield Active ETF

Vanguard Target Retirement 2060 Fund

Vanguard High-Yield Corporate Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2065 Fund

Vanguard High-Yield Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement 2070 Fund

Vanguard Inflation-Protected Securities Fund

Vanguard Target Retirement Income Fund

Vanguard Institutional Index Fund

Vanguard Tax-Exempt Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Institutional Intermediate-Term Bond Fund

Vanguard Tax-Managed Balanced Fund

Vanguard Institutional Short-Term Bond Fund

Vanguard Total Bond Market II Index Fund

Vanguard Institutional Total Stock Market Index Fund

Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Total Corporate Bond ETF

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Corporate Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Total Inflation-Protected Securities ETF

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Investment-Grade Fund

Vanguard Total International Bond II Index Fund

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Tax-Exempt Bond ETF

Vanguard Total International Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Treasury Index Fund

Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Treasury Fund

Vanguard Total Treasury ETF

Vanguard International Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

Vanguard Total World Bond ETF

Vanguard International High Dividend Yield Index Fund

Vanguard Total World Stock Index Fund

Vanguard LifeStrategy Conservative Growth Fund

Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund

Vanguard LifeStrategy Growth Fund

Vanguard Ultra-Short Treasury ETF

Vanguard LifeStrategy Income Fund

Vanguard Ultra-Short-Term Bond Fund

Vanguard LifeStrategy Moderate Growth Fund

Vanguard Ultra-Short-Term Bond ETF

Vanguard Limited-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard Ultra-Short-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

Vanguard Long-Term Bond Index Fund

Vanguard Variable Insurance Funds (VVIF) — Conservative

 

Allocation Portfolio

Vanguard Long-Term Corporate Bond Index Fund

VVIF — Equity Index Portfolio

Vanguard Capital Management (VCM)

Vanguard Long-Term Investment-Grade Fund

VVIF — Global Bond Index Portfolio

Vanguard Long-Term Tax-Exempt Bond ETF

VVIF — High Yield Bond Portfolio

Vanguard Long-Term Tax-Exempt Fund

VVIF — Moderate Allocation Portfolio

Vanguard Long-Term Treasury Index Fund

VVIF — Money Market Portfolio

Vanguard Long-Term Treasury Fund

VVIF — Short-Term Investment-Grade Portfolio

Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund

VVIF — Total Bond Market Index Portfolio

Vanguard Massachusetts Tax-Exempt Fund

VVIF — Total International Stock Market Index Portfolio

Vanguard Mortgage-Backed Securities Index Fund

VVIF — Total Stock Market Index Portfolio

Vanguard Portfolio Management (VPM)

 

Vanguard Communication Services Index Fund

Vanguard Russell 2000 Index Fund

Vanguard Consumer Discretionary Index Fund

Vanguard Russell 2000 Value Index Fund

Vanguard Consumer Staples Index Fund

Vanguard Russell 3000 Index Fund

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

Vanguard S&P 500 Growth Index Fund

Vanguard Energy Index Fund

Vanguard S&P 500 Value Index Fund

Vanguard Equity Income Fund

Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 Growth Index Fund

Vanguard ESG U.S. Stock ETF

Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 Index Fund

Vanguard Explorer Fund

Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 Value Index Fund

Vanguard Financials Index Fund

Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Growth Index Fund

Vanguard FTSE Social Index Fund

Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Index Fund

Vanguard Global Minimum Volatility Fund

Vanguard S&P Small-Cap 600 Value Index Fund

Vanguard Growth Index Fund

Vanguard Small-Cap Growth Index Fund

Vanguard Health Care Index Fund

Vanguard Small-Cap Index Fund

Vanguard High Dividend Yield Index Fund

Vanguard Small-Cap Value Index Fund

Vanguard Industrials Index Fund

Vanguard Strategic Equity Fund

Vanguard Information Technology Index Fund

Vanguard Strategic Small-Cap Equity Fund

Vanguard Large-Cap Index Fund

Vanguard Tax-Managed Capital Appreciation Fund

Vanguard Market Neutral Fund

Vanguard Tax-Managed Small-Cap Fund

Vanguard Materials Index Fund

Vanguard U.S. Minimum Volatility ETF

Vanguard Mega Cap Growth Index Fund

Vanguard U.S. Momentum Factor ETF

Vanguard Mega Cap Index Fund

Vanguard U.S. Multifactor Fund

Vanguard Mega Cap Value Index Fund

Vanguard U.S. Multifactor ETF

Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Index Fund

Vanguard U.S. Quality Factor ETF

Vanguard Mid-Cap Index Fund

Vanguard U.S. Value Factor ETF

Vanguard Mid-Cap Value Index Fund

Vanguard Utilities Index Fund

Vanguard Real Estate II Index Fund

Vanguard Value Index Fund

Vanguard Real Estate Index Fund

Vanguard Variable Insurance Funds (VVIF) — Equity

 

Income Portfolio

Vanguard Russell 1000 Growth Index Fund

VVIF — Mid-Cap Index Portfolio

Vanguard Russell 1000 Index Fund

VVIF — Real Estate Index Portfolio

Vanguard Russell 1000 Value Index Fund

VVIF — Small Company Growth Portfolio

Vanguard Portfolio Management (VPM)

Vanguard Russell 2000 Growth Index Fund

Vanguard Capital Management (VCM) and Vanguard Portfolio Management (VPM)

Vanguard Commodity Strategy Fund

Investment advisory services are provided to the Impacted Funds by experienced investment management professionals who are employed by Vanguard and are associated persons of either VCM or VPM (as disclosed in a Supplement to the Impacted Funds’ Prospectuses and Summary Prospectuses dated January 12, 2026). Individual portfolio managers at a wholly owned subsidiary advisor (VCM or VPM) may manage multiple accounts for multiple clients. In addition to mutual funds, these accounts may include separate accounts, collective trusts, or offshore funds. Managing multiple funds or accounts may give rise to potential conflicts of interest including, for example, conflicts among investment strategies and conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities. Each wholly owned subsidiary advisor manages potential conflicts between funds or accounts through allocation policies and procedures, internal review processes, and oversight by trustees and independent third parties. Each wholly owned subsidiary advisor has developed trade allocation procedures and controls to ensure that no one client, regardless of type, is intentionally favored at the expense of another. Allocation policies are designed to address potential conflicts in situations in which two or more funds or accounts participate in investment decisions involving the same securities.

Each Impacted Fund retains the authority to vote proxies received with respect to the shares of equity securities held in a portfolio advised by Vanguard through one of its wholly owned subsidiaries. The boards of trustees of the Impacted Funds have adopted proxy voting procedures and guidelines (to be administered by VCM and/or VPM and their respective Investment Stewardship teams, as appropriate) which govern proxy voting for each portfolio retaining proxy voting authority.

© 2026 The Vanguard Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

SAI ALL4 012026

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