As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on October 1, 2025

Registration Statement No. 333-       

 

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

 

Form F-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

 

GLOBAVEND HOLDINGS LIMITED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Cayman Islands   Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (IRS Employer
Identification Number)

 

Office 1401, Level 14, 197 St Georges Tce,
Perth, WA 6000,
Australia
+61 08 6141 3263
(Address and telephone number of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

 

c/o Cogency Global Inc.
122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor
New York, NY 10168
+212 947-7200
(Name, address, and telephone number of agent for service)

 

 

 

Copies to:

 

 David E. Danovitch, Esq.
Aaron M. Schleicher, Esq.
Sullivan & Worcester LLP
1251 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
Tel: +1 (212) 660-3027

 

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to public: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.

 

If only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.

 

If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box.

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.

 

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933. Emerging growth company

 

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.

 

 
The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

 

 

 

 

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS   DATED       , 2025

 

GLOBAVEND HOLDINGS LIMITED

 

 

 

$1,000,000,000

Ordinary Shares

Preferred Shares

Debt Securities

Warrants

Subscription Rights

Purchase Contracts

Units

 

This is an offering of the securities of Globavend Holdings Limited, a Cayman Islands holding company (the “Company,” “Globavend,” the “registrant,” “we,” “our” or “us”). We may, from time to time, in one or more offerings, offer and sell up to $1,000,000,000 in the aggregate of our ordinary shares of par value US$0.20 each (each, an “Ordinary Share,” and, collectively, the “Ordinary Shares”), preferred shares, debt securities, warrants, subscription rights, purchase contracts, and units, or any combination thereof, together or separately as described in this prospectus. In this prospectus, references to the term “securities” refer, collectively, to our Ordinary Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants, subscription rights, purchase contracts, and units.

 

This prospectus provides a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities pursuant to this prospectus, we will provide specific information about the offering and the specific terms of the securities offered in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may add, update, or change information in this prospectus. You should read carefully this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and any related free writing prospectus together with additional information described below under “Where You Can Find Additional Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference”, before you invest in any of our securities. This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell any securities unless accompanied by the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Our Ordinary Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, or “Nasdaq,” under the symbol “GVH.” On September 30, 2025, the last reported sale price of our Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq was $4.59 per share. The aggregate market value of our issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares held by non-affiliates, or public float, as of September 30, 2025, was approximately $8,725,201, which was calculated based on 1,468,889 Ordinary Shares held by non-affiliates and the price of $5.94 per share, which was the closing price of our Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq on August 29, 2025. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.5 of Form F-3, in no event will we sell our securities registered on this registration statement of which any prospectus supplement forms a part in a public primary offering with a value exceeding more than one-third of our outstanding voting and nonvoting common equity held by non-affiliates (the “Public Float”) in any 12-month period so long as our Public Float remains below $75 million. During the 12 calendar months prior to and including the date of this prospectus, we have not offered or sold any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.5 of Form F-3.

 

Investing in our Securities is highly speculative and involves a high degree of risk. Before buying any shares, you should carefully read the discussion of material risks of investing in our Securities in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 12 of this prospectus, as well as “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 20-F, as filed on February 12, 2025 (the “Annual Report”) and in other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

We may offer and sell the securities from time to time at fixed prices, at market prices, or at negotiated prices, to or through underwriters, to other purchasers, through agents, or through a combination of these methods. If any underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such underwriters and any applicable commissions or discounts will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The offering price of such securities and the net proceeds we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement. See “Plan of Distribution” elsewhere in this prospectus for a more complete description of the ways in which the securities may be sold.

 

 

 

 

We are both an “emerging growth company” and a “foreign private issuer” as defined under the U.S. federal securities laws and, as such, may elect to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this and future filings. See “Prospectus Summary—Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Foreign Private Issuer” on page 10 of this prospectus.

 

Our share capital structure currently consists of shares of US$0.20 each, of which 100 shares have been designated as Management Shares, and the remaining undesignated shares are referred to as the Ordinary Shares. Unless otherwise provided in the third amended and restated memorandum of association of our Company (as amended from time to time), adopted on September 12, 2025 (the “Memorandum”) and the third amended and restated articles of association of our Company (as amended from time to time), adopted on September 12, 2025 (the “Articles” or “Articles of Association”) and/or the terms of issue of the Management Shares, holders of Ordinary Shares and Management Shares shall at all times vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote by the shareholders. Each Ordinary Share has one (1) vote and each Management Share has one million (1,000,000) votes. The Management Shares do not carry any dividend or distribution rights nor are they convertible into Ordinary Shares at any time. As of the date of this prospectus, we have 1,526,113 Ordinary Shares and 100 Management Shares issued and outstanding. Wai Yiu Yau (“Mr. Yau” or the “Controlling Shareholder”), our founder, chief executive officer, chairman and controlling shareholder beneficially owns 57,224 Ordinary Shares and 100 Management Shares, representing approximately 3.76% of our total issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares and Management Shares and approximately 98.50% of our total voting power. As a result, Mr. Yau will have the ability to control or significantly influence the outcome of matters requiring approval by our shareholders. The disparate voting rights may also have anti-takeover effects preventing a change in control transaction that shareholders might consider in their best interest. For more information about risks relating to the dual-class structure, See “Risk Factors - Risks Related to our Capital Structure - We have a dual-class share capital structure and Mr. Yau will have the ability to control or significantly influence the outcome of matters requiring approval by shareholders. The disparate voting rights may also have anti-takeover effects preventing a change in control transaction that shareholders might consider in their best interest.” on page 21 of this prospectus.

 

We are “controlled company” as defined under the rules and regulations of Nasdaq because, as of the date of this prospectus, Mr. Yau owns approximately 3.76% of our total issued and outstanding Shares, representing approximately 98.50% of the total voting power. See “Prospectus Summary—Implications of Being a Controlled Company” on page 10 of this prospectus. For more information about risks relating to “controlled company,” see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Ordinary Shares—As a “controlled company” under the rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market, we may choose to exempt our Company from certain corporate governance requirements, which could have an adverse effect on our public shareholders” in the Annual Report. See also “Risk Factors - Risks Related to our Capital Structure - We have a dual-class share capital structure and Mr. Yau will have the ability to control or significantly influence the outcome of matters requiring approval by shareholders. The disparate voting rights may also have anti-takeover effects preventing a change in control transaction that shareholders might consider in their best interest.” on page 21 of this prospectus.

 

Investors are cautioned that you are buying securities of a Cayman Islands holding company with operations in Hong Kong by its operating subsidiary.

 

Globavend Holdings is a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with no material operations of its own, and we conduct our operations primarily in Hong Kong through our HK Subsidiaries (as defined below). References to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in the prospectus are to Globavend Holdings, the Cayman Islands entity that will issue the securities being offered. References to “Globavend HK” are to Globavend (HK) Limited, our operating subsidiary, as of the date of this prospectus. References to our “PRC Subsidiary” are to Zhiyi International Logistics (Shenzhen) Limited, which is currently dormant and does not have any operations. This is an offering of the securities of Globavend Holdings, the holding company in the Cayman Islands, instead of the securities of our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK, or our PRC Subsidiary, which is currently dormant and does not have any operations. Investors may never directly hold any equity interests in our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK, or our PRC Subsidiary. 

 

Our operations are principally located in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”), with its own governmental and legal system that is independent from mainland China, including having its own distinct laws and regulations. As of the date of this prospectus, we are not subject to the PRC government’s direct influence or discretion over the manner in which we conduct our business activities outside of the PRC. However, due to long-arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws in China. Moreover, although we have equity ownership of our PRC Subsidiary, which is dormant, and currently do not have any operating subsidiary that is established in mainland China, we may still be subject to unique risks due to uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of laws within the PRC, and particularly within mainland China. Additionally, all of the legal and operational risks associated with operating in the PRC also apply to our operations in Hong Kong, and we face the risks and uncertainties associated with interpretation and the application of the complex and evolving PRC laws and regulations and as to whether and how the recent PRC government statements and regulatory developments, such as those relating to data and cyberspace security, and anti-monopoly concerns, would be applicable to Globavend Holdings or Globavend HK, given the substantial operations of our sole operating subsidiary in Hong Kong and the possibilities that the Chinese government may exercise significant oversight over the conduct of business in Hong Kong. We are also subject to the risks of uncertainty about any future actions of the PRC government or authorities in Hong Kong in this regard.

 

 

 

 

Should the PRC government choose to exercise significant oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business, they may intervene in or influence our operations. Such governmental actions:

 

could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our securities;

 

could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to continue our operations;

 

could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our securities to investors; and

 

may cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

 

We are aware that recently, the PRC government has initiated a series of regulatory actions and new policies to regulate business operations in certain areas in China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using a variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on the daily business operation of our HK Subsidiaries, their ability to accept foreign investments and the listing of our Ordinary Shares on U.S. or other foreign exchanges. The PRC government may intervene or influence our operations at any time and may exert more control over offerings conducted overseas and foreign investment in Hong Kong-based issuers. The PRC government may also intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to move out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Furthermore, PRC regulatory authorities may in the future promulgate laws, regulations or implementing rules that require our Company or any of our subsidiaries to obtain regulatory approval from PRC authorities before offering our securities. These actions could result in a material change in our operations and could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to complete future offerings or cause the value of our Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or become worthless. See “Prospectus Summary — Recent Regulatory Developments in the PRC” beginning on page 7.

 

We are headquartered in Hong Kong and not mainland China, and we do not maintain any office in mainland China. We do not use VIEs in our corporate structure. We, through our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, Globavend HK, engage in the provision of end-to-end supply chain solutions in Hong Kong, Australia and New Zealand as an e-commerce logistics provider.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, our operations in Hong Kong, our PRC Subsidiary, which is dormant and does not have operations, and our offerings registered with the SEC are not subject to the review or prior approval of the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) or the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “CSRC”), because (i) the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation concerning whether offerings like ours under this prospectus are subject to this regulation; (ii) each of our HK Subsidiaries was established and operates in Hong Kong and is not included in the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC, and (iii) our PRC Subsidiary is dormant and has no business operations in China. Uncertainties still exist, however, due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in the PRC could change rapidly in the future. In the event that (i) the PRC government expanded the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that we are required to obtain such permissions or approvals, or (ii) we inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that we did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder our operations in Hong Kong and our ability to offer or continue to offer our securities to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless and even the delisting of our Ordinary Shares. The delisting of our Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment in the future.

 

 

 

 

On December 24, 2021, the CSRC released the Draft Administrative Provisions and the Draft Filing Measures, both of which had a comment period that expired on January 23, 2022. The Draft Administrative Provisions and Draft Filing Measures regulate the administrative system, record-filing management, and other related rules in respect of the direct or indirect overseas issuance of listed and traded securities by “domestic enterprises.” The Draft Administrative Provisions specify that the CSRC has regulatory authority over the “overseas securities offering and listing by domestic enterprises”, and requires “domestic enterprises” to complete filing procedures with the CSRC if they wish to list overseas. On February 17, 2023, the CSRC released the Trial Measures for Administration of Overseas Securities Offerings and Listings by Domestic Companies and five interpretive guidelines (collectively, the “CSRC Filing Rules”). According to the CSRC Filing Rules, domestic companies that seek to offer or list securities overseas, both directly and indirectly, should fulfill the filing procedures and report relevant information to the CSRC; any failure to comply with such filling procedures may result in administrative penalties, such as an order to rectify, warnings, and fines. On April 2, 2022, the CSRC published the Draft Archives Rules, for public comment. These rules state that in the overseas listing activities of domestic companies, domestic companies, as well as securities companies and securities service institutions providing relevant securities services thereof, should establish a sound system of confidentiality and archival work and shall not disclose state secrets or harm the state and public interests.

 

Under the CSRC Filing Rules, Chinese domestic companies conducting overseas securities offerings and listing activities, either in direct or indirect form, shall complete filing procedures with the CSRC pursuant to the requirements of the CSRC Filing Rules within three working days following their submission of initial public offerings or listing application.

 

Our management (“Management”) understands that as of the date of this prospectus neither of our HK Subsidiaries nor PRC Subsidiary has any operations in China and thus is not required to complete filing procedures with the CSRC pursuant to the requirements of the CSRC Filing Rules. While our HK Subsidiaries and PRC Subsidiary have no current operations in China, should we have any future operations in China and should (i) we fail to receive or maintain such permissions or approvals, (ii) we inadvertently conclude that such permissions or approvals are not required, or (iii) applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and require us to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future, we may face sanctions by the CSRC, the CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may also impose fines and penalties on our operations in China, limit our ability to pay dividends outside of China, limit our operations in China, delay or restrict the repatriation of the proceeds from offerings pursuant to this registration statement into China or take other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business as well as the trading price of our Ordinary Shares. We may be required to restructure our operations to comply with such regulations or potentially cease operations in the PRC entirely. The CSRC, the CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies also may take actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to halt any offerings before settlement and delivery of our securities. In addition, if the CSRC, the CAC or other regulatory PRC agencies later promulgate new rules requiring that we obtain their approvals before offering our securities, we may be unable to obtain a waiver of such approval requirements, if and when procedures are established to obtain such a waiver. Any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder our operations in the PRC and our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

 

Furthermore, on July 10, 2021, the CAC issued a revised draft of the Measures for Cybersecurity Review for public comment, which required that, among others, in addition to any “operator of critical information infrastructure”, any “data processor” controlling personal information of no less than one million users which seeks to list in a foreign stock exchange should also be subject to cybersecurity review, and further elaborated the factors to be considered when assessing the national security risks of the relevant activities. On December 28, 2021, the CAC, the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”), and several other administrations jointly issued the revised Measures for Cybersecurity Review (the “Revised Review Measures”), which became effective and replaced the existing Measures for Cybersecurity Review on February 15, 2022. According to the Revised Review Measures, if an “online platform operator” that is in possession of personal data of more than one million users intends to list in a foreign country, it must apply for a cybersecurity review. Based on a set of Q&A published on the official website of the State Cipher Code Administration in connection with the issuance of the Revised Review Measures, an official of the said administration indicated that an online platform operator should apply for a cybersecurity review prior to the submission of its listing application with non-PRC securities regulators. Moreover, the CAC released the draft of the Regulations on Network Data Security Management in November 2021 for public consultation, which among other things, stipulates that a data processor listed overseas must conduct an annual data security review by itself or by engaging a data security service provider and submit the annual data security review report for a given year to the municipal cybersecurity department before January 31 of the following year. Given the recency of the issuance of the Revised Review Measures and their pending effectiveness, there is a general lack of guidance and substantial uncertainties exist with respect to their interpretation and implementation. It remains unclear whether a Hong Kong company which collects personal information from PRC individuals shall be subject to the Revised Review Measures. We do not currently expect the Revised Review Measures to have an impact on our business, our operations or an offering under this prospectus as we do not believe that any of our HK Subsidiaries nor our PRC Subsidiary would be deemed to be an “operator of critical information infrastructure” or a “data processor” controlling personal information of no less than one million users that would be required to file for cybersecurity review before listing in the United States, because (i) each of our HK Subsidiaries is organized and operating in Hong Kong and the Revised Review Measures remains unclear whether it shall be applied to Hong Kong companies; (ii) each of our HK Subsidiaries operates without any subsidiary or VIE structure in China; (iii) as of date of this prospectus, neither of our HK Subsidiaries has collected nor stored personal information of any PRC individual clients, which also make up far less than one million users; (iv) as of the date of this prospectus, neither of our HK Subsidiaries has been informed by any PRC governmental authority of any requirement that it files for a cybersecurity review and (v) our PRC Subsidiary is dormant and has no operations in China. However, there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of relevant PRC cybersecurity laws and regulations. If the Revised Review Measures are adopted into law in the future and if any of our HK Subsidiaries or our PRC Subsidiary is deemed to be an “operator of critical information infrastructure” or a “data processor” controlling personal information of no less than one million users, the operation of our subsidiaries and the listing of our Ordinary Shares in the U.S. could be subject to CAC’s cybersecurity review.

 

 

 

 

We have been advised by our Hong Kong counsel, that based on their understanding of the current Hong Kong laws, as of the date of this prospectus, the Company and its HK Subsidiaries are not required to obtain any permissions or approvals from Hong Kong authorities before listing in the United States and issuing our securities to foreign investors. No such permissions or approvals have been applied for by the Company and/or its subsidiaries or denied by any relevant authorities. As of the date of this prospectus, each of our HK Subsidiaries has received all requisite permissions or approvals from the Hong Kong authorities to operate its respective businesses in Hong Kong, including but not limited to its respective business registration certificates. However, we have been advised by our Hong Kong counsel that uncertainties still exist, due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in Hong Kong could change rapidly in the future.

 

Based on Management’s internal assessment that the Company and its subsidiaries currently have no material operations in the PRC, Management believes that as of the date of this prospectus, the Company is not required to obtain any permissions or approvals from PRC authorities before listing in the United States and issuing our securities to foreign investors, including the CAC or the CSRC because (i) the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation concerning whether offerings like ours under this prospectus are subject to this regulation; (ii) the Company operates in Hong Kong and is not included in the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC; and (iii) our PRC Subsidiary is dormant and has no operations in China. We also understand that neither of our HK Subsidiaries nor our PRC Subsidiary is required to obtain any permissions or approvals from any Chinese authorities to operate its respective businesses as of the date of this prospectus. No permissions or approvals have been applied for by the Company or denied by any relevant authorities.

 

In addition, our securities may be prohibited from trading on a national exchange or over-the-counter market under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “HFCA Act”) if the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (the “PCAOB”) is unable to inspect our auditors for two consecutive years. Pursuant to the HFCA Act, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report on December 16, 2021 which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) mainland China and (ii) Hong Kong; and such report identified the specific registered public accounting firms which are subject to these determinations. On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol with the CSRC and China’s Ministry of Finance in respect of cooperation on the oversight of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong. Pursuant to the Statement of Protocol, the PCAOB conducted inspections on select registered public accounting firms subject to the Determination Report in Hong Kong between September 2022 and November 2022. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB board announced that it has completed the inspections, determined that it had complete access to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong, and voted to vacate the Determination Report. Our auditor, ZH CPA, LLC, the independent registered public accounting firm that issued the audit report incorporated by reference in this prospectus, as an auditor of companies that are traded publicly in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB, is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess ZH CPA, LLC’s compliance with applicable professional standards. ZH CPA, LLC is headquartered in Denver, Colorado, and can be inspected by the PCAOB. ZH CPA, LLC was not identified in the Determination Report as a firm subject to the PCAOB’s determination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that, in the future, the PCAOB determines that it is not able to fully conduct inspections of our auditor for three consecutive years, or the PCAOB re-evaluates its determination as a result of any obstruction with the implementation of the Statement of Protocol in the future, trading of our securities on a national securities exchange or in the over-the counter market may be prohibited under the HFCA Act and our access to the U.S. capital markets may be limited or restricted. In addition, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “AHFCAA”), which, if passed by the U.S. House of Representatives and signed into law, would reduce the period of time for foreign companies to comply with the PCAOB audits to two consecutive years instead of three, thus reducing the time period for triggering the prohibition on trading. On December 29, 2022, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (the “CAA”) was signed into law by President Biden. The CAA contained, among other things, an identical provision to the AHFCAA, which reduces the number of consecutive non-inspection years required for triggering the prohibitions under the HFCA Act from three years to two.

 

The delisting of our Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. See “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares — Although the audit report included in this annual report is prepared by U.S. auditors who are currently inspectable by the PCAOB, there is no guarantee that future audit reports will be prepared by auditors inspectable by the PCAOB, and, as such, in the future, investors may be deprived of the benefits of the PCAOB inspection program. Furthermore, trading in our securities may be prohibited under the HFCA Act if the SEC subsequently determines our audit work is performed by auditors that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely, and as a result, U.S. national securities exchanges, such as the Nasdaq, may determine to delist our securities. Furthermore, on December 29, 2022, the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act was enacted, which amended the HFCA Act by requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three, and thus, reduced the time before our Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from trading or delisted” in our Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference herein.

 

 

 

 

No regulatory approval is required for Globavend Holdings to transfer cash to its subsidiaries: subject to due corporate authorization in accordance with the Memorandum and Articles of Association of Globavend Holdings and Globavend Holdings being solvent and able to pay its debts, Globavend Holdings is permitted under the laws of the Cayman Islands and its Memorandum and Articles of Association (as amended from time to time) to provide funding to our subsidiaries incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) and Hong Kong through loans or capital contributions. Globavend Holdings’ subsidiary formed under the laws of the BVI is permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to our HK Subsidiaries subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Business Companies Act (as amended) and memorandum and articles of association of the relevant Globavend Holdings’ subsidiary incorporated under the laws of the BVI. As a holding company, Globavend Holdings may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by its subsidiaries for its cash and financing requirements. According to the BVI Business Companies Act (as amended), a BVI company may make dividends distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company’s assets exceeds its liabilities and that such company is able to pay its debts as they fall due. According to the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong, a Hong Kong company may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. If any of Globavend Holdings’ subsidiaries incur debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing such debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to Globavend Holdings. Additionally, as of the date of this prospectus, there are no further BVI or Hong Kong statutory restrictions on the amount of funds which may be distributed by us by dividend. However, in the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or on our subsidiary’s ability by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our securities or cause them to be worthless. For a more detailed discussion of how the cash is transferred within our organization, see “Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiaries” on page 4 and “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares — We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiary to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiary to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless” in our Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference herein.

 

During the years ended September 30, 2022, 2023 and 2024 and for the six months ended March 31, 2025, Globavend Holdings, Globavend BVI and Globavend Warehouse have not distributed any cash dividends or made any other cash distributions. During the year ended September 30, 2024 and for the six months ended March 31, 2025, Globavend HK has not distributed any cash dividends or made any other cash distributions. During the year ended September 30, 2023, Globavend HK declared cash dividends in the amount of US$1,474,359 (equivalent to HK$11,500,000) to our Controlling Shareholder. During the year ended September 30, 2022, Globavend HK declared dividends in the amount of US$1,597,909 (equivalent to HK$12,463,692) to our Controlling Shareholder, of which US$1,244,502 (equivalent to HK$9,707,117) has been distributed as cash dividends and the remaining amount was offset with the entire amount due to our Controlling Shareholder.

 

We do not have any current intentions to distribute further earnings. If we determine to pay dividends on any of our Ordinary Shares in the future, as a holding company, we will be dependent on receipt of funds from our HK Subsidiaries by way of dividend payments. See “Dividend Policy” for further details.

 

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “foreign private issuer” as defined under the federal securities laws and, as such, are subject to reduced public company reporting requirements. See “Prospectus Summary — Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Foreign Private Issuer” for additional information.

 

The information contained or incorporated in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities.

 

Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus is            , 2025.

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    Page
About This Prospectus   ii 
Prospectus Summary   1
Risk Factors   12 
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements   23
Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable   24
Use of Proceeds   24
Dividend Policy   25
Capitalization and Indebtedness   25
Description of the Securities We Are Offering   26
Material Income Tax Considerations   43
Plan of Distribution   52
Legal Matters   54
Experts   54
Enforceability of Civil Liabilities   55
Where You Can Find Additional Information   56
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference   57

 

i

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form F-3 that we are filing with the SEC utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may, from time to time, sell the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings, up to a total offering amount of $1,000,000,000.

 

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement do not contain all the information included in the registration statement. We have omitted parts of the registration statement in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Statements in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement about the provisions or contents of any agreement or other documents are not necessarily complete. If the SEC rules and regulations require that an agreement or other document be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, please see that agreement or document for a complete description of the matters. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or other offering materials together with additional information described under the headings “Where You Can Find Additional Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” before investing in any of the securities offered.

 

Each time we sell securities under this shelf registration, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain certain specific information about the terms of that offering, including a description of any risks related to the offering. A prospectus supplement may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus (including documents incorporated herein by reference). If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. The registration statement we are filing with the SEC includes exhibits that provide more details on the matters discussed in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the related exhibits filed with the SEC and the accompanying prospectus supplement together with additional information described under the headings “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” before investing in any of the securities offered.

 

The information in this prospectus is accurate as of the date on the front cover. The information incorporated by reference into this prospectus is accurate as of the date of the document from which the information is incorporated. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any other date.

 

You should rely only on the information provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or in the prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with additional or different information. This document may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities.

 

As permitted by SEC rules and regulations, the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part includes additional information not contained in this prospectus. You may read the registration statement and the other reports we file with the SEC at its website or at its offices described under “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

 

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CONVENTIONS THAT APPLY TO THIS PROSPECTUS

 

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all references in this prospectus to:

 

“Articles” or “Articles of Association” are to the third amended and restated articles of association of our Company (as amended from time to time), adopted on September 12, 2025 with immediate effect, as amended, supplemented and/or otherwise modified from time to time;

 

“AUD” or “A$” are to Australian dollar(s), the lawful currency of Australia;
   
 “Board” is to the board of directors of the Company from time to time;

 

“BVI” is to the British Virgin Islands;

 

“Companies Act” is to the Companies Act (as revised) of the Cayman Islands, as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time;

 

“Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and “Globavend Holdings” are to Globavend Holdings Limited, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability on May 22, 2023;

 

“Controlling Shareholder” or “Mr. Yau” is to Mr. Wai Yiu Yau, our founder, chief executive officer, chairman and controlling shareholder who beneficially owns 57,224 Ordinary Shares and 100 Management Shares as of the date of this prospectus, representing approximately 3.76% of our total issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares and Management Shares and approximately 98.50% of our total voting power as of the date of this prospectus. See “Management” and “Principal Shareholders” in our Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference herein, for more information;

   
 

“dual-class structure” or “dual-class share capital structure” refers to our existing share capital structure of $100,000,000 divided into 500,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of $0.20 each, of which 100 shares have been designated as Management Shares pursuant to the Management Shares Board Resolutions and the remaining undesignated shares are the Ordinary Shares;

   
 “EGM” is to the extraordinary general meeting of the Company held on September 12, 2025;

 

“Exchange Act” is to the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;

 

“Globavend BVI” is to Globavend Associates Limited, a BVI business company limited by shares incorporated in the BVI, a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Globavend Holdings;

 

“Globavend HK” is to Globavend (HK) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong with limited liability, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Globavend Holdings and our operating subsidiary in Hong Kong;

 

“Globavend Warehouse” is to Globavend Warehouse Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong with limited liability, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Globavend Holdings incorporated for investment holding purposes;

 

“HK Subsidiaries” are to Globavend HK and Globavend Warehouse;

 

“HKD” or “HK$” are to Hong Kong dollar(s), the lawful currency of Hong Kong;

 

“Hong Kong” is to Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China;

 

“Independent Third Party” is to a person or company who or which is independent of and is not a 5% beneficial owner of, does not control and is not controlled by or under common control with any 5% beneficial owner and is not the spouse or descendant (by birth or adoption) of any 5% owner of the Company;

 

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“IPO” is to an initial public offering of securities;
   
 “Management Shares” are to our management shares, par value $0.20 per share, designated and authorized pursuant to the Management Shares Board Resolutions;
   
 “Management Shares Board Resolutions” is to the written resolutions of the Board passed on August 27, 2025, designating and authorizing the Management Shares and the issue thereof to the Controlling Shareholder;

 

“Memorandum” or “Memorandum of Association” are to the third amended and restated memorandum of association of our Company (as amended from time to time), adopted on September 12, 2025 with immediate effect, as amended, supplemented and/or otherwise modified from time to time;

 

“Nasdaq” is to The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC;

 

“Ordinary Shares” are to our undesignated shares, par value $0.20 per share;

 

“PCAOB” is to Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;

 

  “PRC” or “China” is to the People’s Republic of China, and “mainland China”, unless otherwise specified herein, is to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the purpose of this prospectus only, Taiwan, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the Macau Administrative Region;

 

  “PRC government” or “PRC authorities”, or variations of such words or similar expressions, are to the central, provincial, and local governments of all levels in mainland China, including regulatory and administrative authorities, agencies and commissions, or any court, tribunal or any other judicial or arbitral body in mainland China, for the purposes of this prospectus only;

 

  “PRC laws” are to all applicable laws, statues, rules, regulations, ordinances and other pronouncements having the binding effect of law in mainland China;

 

  “PRC Subsidiary” is to Zhiyi International Logistics (Shenzhen) Limited, which is currently dormant and does not have operations;

 

  “SEC” or “U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission” are to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;
     
  “securities” are to, collectively, our Ordinary Shares, Management Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants, subscription rights, purchase contracts, and units;

 

  “Securities Act” is to the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
     
  “Shares” are to shares of $0.20 par value each of the share capital of the Company, including any Ordinary Share, Management Share or a fraction thereof;

 

  “U.S. dollars” or “US$” or “$” or “USD” or “dollars” are to United States dollar(s), the lawful currency of the United States.

 

iv

 

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

The following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our securities. You should read the entire prospectus carefully and the documents incorporated by reference herein, including sections titled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus, “Item 3. Key Information,” Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects”, Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions, and Item 8. “Financial Information” in our Annual Report on Form 20-F, as filed on February 12, 2025 (the “Annual Report”), incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to “Globavend Holdings,” “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” and similar designations refer to Globavend Holdings Limited, an exempted Cayman Islands company and its wholly owned subsidiaries.

 

Business Overview

 

We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with operations conducted by our Hong Kong subsidiary, Globavend HK. Since June 2023, we have established our principal executive office in Perth, Australia.

 

Founded in 2016, we are an emerging e-commerce logistics provider providing end-to-end logistics solutions in Hong Kong, Australia and New Zealand. Our business spans Hong Kong, four cities in Australia and New Zealand through our own business presence and the presence of our service providers. Our customers are primarily enterprise customers, namely, e-commerce merchants, or operators of e-commerce platforms, who provide business-to-consumer (B2C) transactions.

 

As an e-commerce logistics provider, we provide integrated cross-border logistics services from Hong Kong to Australia and New Zealand, where we provide customers with a one-stop solution, from pre-carriage parcel drop off to parcel consolidation, air freight forwarding, customs clearance, on-carriage parcel transportation and delivery. We rely on our own proprietary all-in-one shipping solution, which has been or can be connected to the customer’s own IT systems (such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, customer relationship management (CRM) systems, booking management systems or point of sale (POS) systems) on one end and the transportation management systems (TMS) of our ground transportation service providers on the other end, to facilitate effective logistics management.

 

Other than integrated cross-border logistics services, we also provide fragmented logistics services, which typically include freight forwarding services, to customers and enterprises at their own choice.

 

Our revenue for the years ended September 30, 2022, 2023 and 2024 and for the six months ended March 31, 2025 is $24,021,196, $18,586,528, $16,540,179 and $13,723,478 respectively.

 

Competitive Strengths

 

We believe the following competitive strengths differentiate us from our competitors:

 

We are an accredited cargo agent by the International Air Transport Association;

 

We have a stable business relationship with air freight carriers, which enhances our competitiveness in our business;

 

We have established a strong presence in Australia and New Zealand;

 

We offer cost-efficient customizable, one-stop integrated cross-border logistics and air freight forwarding services to accommodate our customers’ various logistics needs;

 

Our proprietary all-in-one shipping solution provides operational efficiency and facilitates effective logistics management; and

 

Our management and staff have extensive experience and in-depth industry knowledge.

 

1

 

 

Recent Developments

 

Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders in April 2025

 

On April 28, 2025, we held our extraordinary general meeting of shareholders whereby our shareholders approved, among other things, (a) the increase of our authorized share capital from US$50,000 divided into 50,000,000 shares of US$0.001 par value each to US$2,000,000 divided into 2,000,000,000 shares of US$0.001 par value each, and (b) a share consolidation of every issued and unissued shares in our share capital, with such ratio to be determined by our board of directors. Concurrently, our shareholders approved the adoption of our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which became effective on April 30, 2025.

 

Public Offering of $15 Million

 

On June 26, 2025, we priced a best efforts public offering, which was closed on June 27, 2025, for the sale of (i) 5,645,997 units (the “Ordinary Units”), each consisting of one Ordinary Share, one series A warrant to purchase one Ordinary Share (each, a “Series A Warrant”) and one series B warrant initially to purchase one Ordinary Share (each, a “Series B Warrant”), and (ii) 16,093,133 pre-funded units (the “Pre-Funded Units”), each consisting of one pre-funded warrant to purchase one Ordinary Share, one Series A Warrant and one Series B Warrant. The public offering price was $0.69 per Ordinary Unit and $0.689 per Pre-Funded Unit. We received aggregate gross proceeds of $15 million, before deducting placement agent fees and other estimated expenses payable by us. On July 24, 2025, we announced that all Series B Warrants had been fully exercised.

 

Reverse Stock Spilt

 

On July 2, 2025, our board of directors approved a reverse stock split that would consolidate every two hundred (200) of our issued and unissued shares of US$0.001 par value each in the share capital into one (1) share of US$0.20 par value each, with an effective date of July 21, 2025 (the “Reverse Stock Split”). Upon the opening of the market on July 21, 2025, our Ordinary Shares began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market on a post-Reverse Stock Split basis under the current symbol “GVH.”As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, our authorized share capital of $2,000,000 was divided into 10,000,000 Shares of $0.20 par value each.

 

Dual Class Restructuring

 

On August 27, 2025, we entered into a share subscription agreement (the “Share Subscription Agreement”) with Mr. Yau, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and allot, and Mr. Yau agreed to subscribe for, 100 Management Shares for the total consideration of US$1,000 (the “Subscription”). Pursuant to the Management Shares Board Resolutions and the power granted to the Board pursuant to the Memorandum and the Articles, the Board exercised its power to designate and authorize 100 shares of $0.20 par value each of the share capital of the Company as Management Shares. The Management Shares shall carry such rights, restrictions, preferences and privileges as set forth in the Management Shares Board Resolutions and as reflected in the Memorandum and the Articles. The Management Shares and the Ordinary Shares generally rank pari passu and, unless otherwise provided in the Memorandum and Articles of the Company and/or the terms of issue of the Management Shares, shall have the same rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, and shall at all times vote as one class on all resolutions submitted to a vote by the members (whether at a general meeting or otherwise in writing), provided, however, that (i) such Management Shares shall be entitled to 1,000,000 votes for each Management Share at a meeting of the members or on any resolution of members of the Company (whether in writing or otherwise), and (ii) the Management Shares do not carry any dividend or distribution rights. The Subscription was closed on August 27, 2025.

 

Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders in September 2025

 

On September 12, 2025, the EGM was held at which resolutions were passed by the shareholders of the Company to, among other things, (i) increase our authorized share capital from $2,000,000 divided into 10,000,000 shares of $0.20 par value each to $100,000,000 divided into 500,000,000 shares of $0.20 par value each, and (ii) adopt the Memorandum and Articles with immediate effect.

 

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Our Strategies

 

We intend to pursue the following strategies to further expand our business:

 

Enhance our business presence in Hong Kong, Australia and New Zealand;

 

Enhance the use of information technology into intelligent delivery and collection solutions;

 

Expand our logistics services into different verticals of the logistics supply chain;

 

Upgrade our warehousing facilities;

 

Pursue strategic alliances and select acquisition opportunities; and

 

Further enhance our sales and marketing effort using “big data” and additional sales personnel.

 

Corporate History and Structure

 

The Company is an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands that wholly-owns our subsidiary, Globavend BVI, a company incorporated under the laws of the BVI, which in turn wholly owns Globavend HK and Globavend Warehouse, our subsidiaries in Hong Kong, and the PRC Subsidiary, our subsidiary in mainland China.

 

In November 2023, we completed our IPO and listed our Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq under the symbol “GVH”. We raised approximately US$3  million in net proceeds from the issuance of Ordinary Shares from the IPO after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and expenses.

 

The charts below illustrate our corporate structure and subsidiaries as of the date of this prospectus:

 

 

 

3

 

 

  

We are a “controlled company” as defined under the rules and regulations of Nasdaq because, as of the date of this prospectus, our Controlling Shareholder owns approximately 3.76% of our total issued and outstanding Shares, representing approximately 98.50% of the total voting power.

 

Holding Company Structure

 

Globavend Holdings is a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with no material operations of its own, and we conduct our operations primarily in Hong Kong through our HK Subsidiaries. This prospectus relates to the offering of the securities of Globavend Holdings, the holding company in the Cayman Islands, instead of the shares of our HK Subsidiaries or our PRC Subsidiary, which is dormant and does not have any operations. Investors in offerings pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part will not directly hold any equity interests in any of our HK Subsidiaries or our PRC Subsidiary.

 

As a result of our corporate structure, Globavend Holdings’ ability to pay dividends may depend upon dividends paid by our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK. If our HK Subsidiaries, including our existing operating subsidiary Globavend HK, or any newly formed ones incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing their debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to us.

 

Transfers of Cash To and From Our Subsidiaries

 

Our management monitors the cash position of our HK Subsidiaries regularly and prepares budgets on a monthly basis to ensure they have the necessary funds to fulfill their obligations for the foreseeable future and to ensure adequate liquidity. In the event that there is a need for cash or a potential liquidity issue, it will be reported to our Chief Financial Officer and subject to approval by our board of directors.

 

The ability of Globavend Holdings to transfer cash to its subsidiaries is subject to the due corporate authorization in accordance with the Memorandum and Articles of Association of Globavend Holdings and Globavend Holdings being solvent and able to pay its debts. Globavend Holdings is permitted under the laws of the Cayman Islands and its Memorandum and Articles of Association (as amended from time to time) to provide funding to our subsidiaries incorporated in the BVI and Hong Kong through loans or capital contributions. Globavend Holdings’ subsidiary formed under the laws of the BVI is permitted under the laws of the BVI to provide funding to our HK Subsidiaries, including our Hong Kong operating subsidiary Globavend HK, subject to certain restrictions laid down in the BVI Business Companies Act (as amended) and memorandum and articles of association of the relevant Globavend Holdings’ subsidiary incorporated under the laws of the BVI.

 

The ability of Globavend BVI, the direct subsidiary of Globavend Holdings, to transfer cash to Globavend Holdings is subject to the BVI Business Companies Act (as amended), according to which, Globavend BVI may make dividends distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company’s assets exceeds its liabilities and that such company is able to pay its debts as they fall due.

 

The ability of our HK Subsidiaries to transfer cash to Globavend BVI is subject to the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong, according to which our HK Subsidiaries may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. We did not adopt or maintain any cash management policies and procedures as of the date of this prospectus.

 

Currently, all of our operations are in Hong Kong. Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, or the Basic Law. The arrangement provides Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of “one country, two systems” and a distinct set of laws and regulations. The laws and regulations of mainland China do not currently have any material impact on any transfer of cash from Globavend Holdings to our HK Subsidiaries, or from our HK Subsidiaries to Globavend Holdings and the investors in the United States.

 

During the years ended September 30, 2022, 2023 and 2024 and for the six months ended March 31, 2025, Globavend Holdings, Globavend BVI and Globavend Warehouse have not distributed any cash dividends or made any other cash distributions. During the years ended September 30, 2024 and for the six months ended March 31, 2025, Globavend HK has not distributed any cash dividends or made any other cash distributions. During the year ended September 30, 2023, Globavend HK declared cash dividends in the amount of US$1,474,359 (equivalent to HK$11,500,000) to our Controlling Shareholder. During the year ended September 30, 2022, Globavend HK declared dividends in the amount of US$1,597,909 (equivalent to HK$12,463,692) to our Controlling Shareholder, of which the amount of US$1,244,502 (equivalent to HK$9,707,117) has been distributed as cash dividends, and the remaining amount was offset with the entire amount due to our Controlling Shareholder.

 

 

4

 

 

 

We currently intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, for the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects and other factors the board of directors deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.

 

If we determine to pay dividends on any of our Ordinary Shares in the future, as a holding company, we will be dependent on receipt of funds from our subsidiaries by way of dividend payments. Subject to due corporate authorization in accordance with the Memorandum and Articles of Association of Globavend Holdings and Globavend Holdings being solvent and able to pay its debts, Globavend Holdings is permitted under the laws of Cayman Islands and its Memorandum and Articles of Association (as amended from time to time) to provide funding to its subsidiaries through loans or capital contributions. Our HK Subsidiaries are permitted under the laws of Hong Kong to provide funding to Globavend Holdings through dividend distributions, subject to certain statutory requirements of having sufficient profits.

 

Subject to Hong Kong law, the Companies Act and our Memorandum and Articles of Association, our Board may declare dividends in any currency. Subject to a solvency test, as prescribed in the Companies Act, and the provisions, if any, of the company’s memorandum and articles of association, a company may pay dividends and distributions out of its share premium account. In addition, dividends may be paid out of profits available on a company level. The Cayman Islands does not impose a withholding tax on payments of dividends to shareholders in the Cayman Islands.

 

Under Hong Kong law, dividends could only be paid out of distributable profits (that is, accumulated realized profits less accumulated realized losses) or other distributable reserves, as permitted under Hong Kong law. Dividends cannot be paid out of share capital. There are no restrictions or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of the HK dollar into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong, nor is there any restriction on foreign exchange to transfer cash between Globavend Holdings and its subsidiaries, across borders and to U.S. investors, nor are there any restrictions and limitations to distribute earnings from our business and subsidiaries to Globavend Holdings and U.S. investors and amounts owed. Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong with respect to dividends paid by us. Further, there are no restrictions or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of HK$ into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong or across borders and to U.S. investors. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiary to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless. Currently, all of our operations are in Hong Kong through our HK Subsidiaries. We do not have or intend to set up any subsidiary or enter into any contractual arrangements to establish a variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure with any entity in mainland China. Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, or the Basic Law, providing Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of “one country, two systems.” The PRC laws and regulations do not currently have any material impact on any transfer of cash from Globavend Holdings to our HK Subsidiaries or from our HK Subsidiaries to Globavend Holdings and the investors in the U.S. However, the Chinese government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our operating subsidiary in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measures could materially decrease the value of our Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering it worthless.

 

 

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See “Dividend Policy” and “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares — We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiary to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other uses outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiary to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless,” and “Consolidated Statements of Change in Shareholders’ Equity” in the audited financial statements contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus for more information.

 

Enforceability of Civil Liabilities

 

We are incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability.

 

We have appointed Cogency Global Inc. as our agent upon whom process may be served in any action brought against us under the securities laws of the United States, located at 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor New York, NY 10168.

 

Conyers Dill & Pearman, our counsel as to the laws of the Cayman Islands, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in the Cayman Islands against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

 

Conyers Dill & Pearman has informed us that the courts of the Cayman Islands would recognize as a valid judgment, a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in the foreign courts (other than judgements from certain Australian courts which are recognized under the Foreign Judgments Reciprocal Enforcement Act (1996) Revision) against our Company under which a sum of money is payable (other than a sum of money payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty) or, in certain circumstances, an in personam judgment for non-monetary relief, and would give a judgment based thereon provided that (a) such courts had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to such judgment; (b) such courts did not contravene the rules of natural justice of the Cayman Islands; (c) such judgment was not obtained by fraud; (d) the enforcement of the judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands; (e) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of the Cayman Islands; and (f) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws of the Cayman Islands.

 

Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of our directors and officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States and all or a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States.

 

As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or these persons or to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts against us or them, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. It may also be difficult for you to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us and our officers and directors.

 

Name  Position  Nationality  Residence
Mr. Wai Yiu Yau  Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer  Chinese  Australia
Mr. Tsz Ngo Yu  Chief Financial Officer  Chinese  Hong Kong
Ms. San Man Leng  Independent Director  United States  Hong Kong
Mr. Ho Chuen Shin  Independent Director  Chinese  Hong Kong
Mr. Fan Cheung  Independent Director  Chinese  Hong Kong

 

K M Lai & Li, our counsel as to the laws of Hong Kong, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Hong Kong would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in Hong Kong against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

 

 

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A judgment of a court in the United States predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws may be enforced in Hong Kong at common law by bringing an action in a Hong Kong court on that judgment for the amount due thereunder, and then seeking summary judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign judgment, among other things, is (1) for a debt or a definite sum of money (not being taxes or similar charges to a foreign government taxing authority or a fine or other penalty), and (2) final and conclusive on the merits of the claim, but not otherwise. Such a judgment may not, in any event, be so enforced in Hong Kong if (a) it was obtained by fraud, (b) the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice, (c) its enforcement or recognition would be contrary to the public policy of Hong Kong, (d) the court of the United States was not jurisdictionally competent, or the judgment was in conflict with a prior Hong Kong judgment.

 

Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the United States. As a result, there is uncertainty as to the enforceability in Hong Kong, in original actions or in actions for enforcement, of judgments of U.S. courts of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state or territory within the United States.

 

Recent Regulatory Developments in the PRC

 

We are aware that, recently, the PRC government has initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using VIE structures, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. For example, on July 6, 2021, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued a document to crack down on illegal activities in the securities market and promote the high-quality development of the capital market, which, among other things, requires the relevant governmental authorities to strengthen cross-border oversight of law enforcement and judicial cooperation, to enhance supervision over China-based companies listed overseas, and to establish and improve the system of extraterritorial application of the PRC securities laws. On July 10, 2021, the CAC issued a revised draft of the Measures for Cybersecurity Review for public comments (the “Revised Draft”), which required that, in addition to “operators of critical information infrastructure,” any “data processor” controlling personal information of no less than one million users which seeks to list in a foreign stock exchange should also be subject to cybersecurity review, and further elaborated the factors to be considered when assessing the national security risks of the relevant activities.

 

On December 24, 2021, the CSRC released the Administrative Provisions of the State Council Regarding the Overseas Issuance and Listing of Securities by Domestic Enterprises (Draft for Comments) (the “Draft Administrative Provisions”) and the Measures for the Overseas Issuance of Securities and Listing Record-Filings by Domestic Enterprises (Draft for Comments) (together with the Draft Administrative Provisions, the “Draft Rules Regarding Overseas Listing”). The Draft Rules Regarding Overseas Listing lays out the filing regulation arrangements for both direct and indirect overseas listings and clarifies the determination criteria for indirect overseas listings in overseas markets. Among other things, if a domestic enterprise intends to indirectly offer and list securities in an overseas market, the record-filing obligation is with a major operating entity incorporated in the PRC, and such filing obligation shall be completed within three working days after the overseas listing application is submitted. The required filing materials for an IPO and listing shall include, but not be limited to, regulatory opinions, record filing, approval, other documents issued by competent regulatory authorities of relevant industries (if applicable), and security assessment opinions issued by relevant regulatory authorities (if applicable). On December 27, 2021, the National Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”) and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the Special Administrative Measures for Entry of Foreign Investment (Negative List) (2021 Version) (“Negative List”), which became effective and replaced the previous version. Pursuant to the Negative List, if a PRC company, which engages in any business where foreign investment is prohibited under the Negative List, or prohibited businesses seeks an overseas offering or listing, it must obtain the approval from competent governmental authorities. Based on a set of Q&A published on the NDRC’s official website, an NDRC official indicated that after a PRC company submits its application for overseas listing to the CSRC and where matters relating to prohibited businesses under the Negative List are implicated, the CSRC will consult the regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over the relevant industries and fields.

 

 

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On January 4, 2022, the CAC, the NDRC, and several other administrations jointly adopted and published the revised Cybersecurity Review Measures (“CRM”), which took effect on February 15, 2022, and replaced the Revised Draft issued on July 10, 2021. Pursuant to the CRM, if a network platform operator holding personal information of over one million users seeks for “foreign” listing, it must apply for the cybersecurity review. In addition, operators of critical information infrastructure purchasing network products and services are also obligated to apply for the cybersecurity review for such purchasing activities. Although the CRM provides no further explanation on the extent of “network platform operator” and “foreign” listing, we do not believe we are obligated to apply for a cybersecurity review pursuant to the revised CRM, considering that (i) we are not in possession of or otherwise holding personal information of over one million users, and it is also very unlikely that we will reach such threshold in the near future; and (ii) as of the date of this prospectus, we have not received any notice or determination from applicable PRC governmental authorities identifying us as a critical information infrastructure operator.

 

On February 17, 2023, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or the CSRC, as approved by the State Council, released the Trial Measures for Administration of Overseas Securities Offerings and Listings by Domestic Companies and five interpretive guidelines (collectively, the “CSRC Filing Rules”), which came into effect on March 31, 2023. Under the CSRC Filing Rules, a filing-based regulatory system shall be applied to “indirect overseas offerings and listings” of PRC domestic companies, which refers to securities offerings and listings in an overseas market made under the name of an offshore entity but based on the underlying equity, assets, earnings or other similar rights of a domestic company that operates its main business domestically. The CSRC Filing Rules state that, any post-listing follow-on offering by an issuer in the same overseas market, including issuance of shares, convertible notes and other similar securities, shall be subject to filing requirement within three business days after the completion of the offering. We believe that we are not subject to the CSRC Filing Rules because we are incorporated in the Cayman Islands, our subsidiaries (other than the PRC Subsidiary) are incorporated in Hong Kong and the BVI and operate in Hong Kong without any subsidiary or VIE structure in mainland China, our PRC Subsidiary is dormant and does not have operations, and we do not have any business operations or maintain any office or personnel in mainland China. However, as the CSRC Filing Rules and the supporting guidelines are newly published, there exists uncertainty with respect to the implementation and interpretation of the principle of “substance over form.” If our offering and listing is later deemed as “indirect overseas offering and listing by companies in mainland China” under the CSRC Filing Rules, we may need to complete the filing procedures for our offering and listing. If we are subject to the filing requirements, we cannot assure you that we will be able to complete such filings in a timely manner or even at all. Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond or what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on Globavend Holdings’ daily business operations, its ability to accept foreign investments, and the listing of its Ordinary Shares on a U.S. or other foreign exchange. There remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of relevant PRC cybersecurity laws and regulations. If the CSRC Filing Rules become applicable to our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK, or if the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) or the PRC Personal Information Protection Law becomes applicable to our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK, the business operation of our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK, and the listing of our Ordinary Shares in the United States could be subject to the CAC’s cybersecurity review or CSRC Overseas Issuance and Listing review in the future. If the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK or our PRC Subsidiary, becomes subject to the CAC or CSRC review, we cannot assure you that our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK, or our PRC Subsidiary, will be able to comply with the regulatory requirements in all respects, and our current practice of collecting and processing personal information may be ordered to be rectified or terminated by regulatory authorities. If our HK Subsidiaries, including Globavend HK, or our PRC Subsidiary, fail to receive or maintain such permissions or if the required approvals are denied, such HK Subsidiaries and the PRC Subsidiary may become subject to fines and other penalties that may have a material adverse effect on our business, operations, and financial condition and may hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our securities to investors and cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

 

Permission Required from Hong Kong and PRC Authorities

 

As of the date of this prospectus, (i) our HK Subsidiaries have received all requisite permissions and approvals for the operation of our business in Hong Kong, namely, the business registration certificate issued by the Hong Kong Business Registration Office, and no such permissions and approvals have been denied, (ii) our HK Subsidiaries are not required to obtain any permission or approval from Hong Kong authorities to issue our Ordinary Shares to foreign investors, and (iii) we are also not required to obtain permissions or approvals from any PRC authorities before listing in the United States and to issue our Ordinary Shares to foreign investors or operate our business as currently conducted, including from the CSRC, the CAC, or any other governmental agency that is required to approve our operations, because (i) the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation concerning whether offerings like ours under this prospectus are subject to this regulation; (ii) our HK Subsidiaries are established and operate in Hong Kong and are not included in the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC; and (iii) our PRC Subsidiary is dormant and does not have any operations in China.

 

 

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Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law, which serves as Hong Kong’s constitution. The Basic Law provides Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of “one country, two systems” and a distinct set of laws and regulations. The PRC laws and regulations do not currently have any material impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future. In the event that (i) the PRC government expanded the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that we are required to obtain such permissions or approvals, (ii) we inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that we did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, or (iii) applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and require us to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future, we may face regulatory risks as those operated in mainland China, including the ability to offer securities to investors, list their securities on a U.S. or other foreign exchanges, conduct their business or accept foreign investment or sanctions by the CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC regulatory agencies.

 

Recent PCAOB Developments

 

On May 20, 2020, the U.S. Senate passed the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “HFCA Act”), which includes requirements for the SEC to identify issuers whose audit work is performed by auditors that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a restriction imposed by a non-U.S. authority in the auditor’s local jurisdiction. The U.S. House of Representatives passed the HFCA Act on December 2, 2020, and the HFCA Act was signed into law on December 18, 2020. Pursuant to the HFCA act, our securities may be prohibited from trading on the Nasdaq or other U.S. stock exchanges if our auditor cannot be inspected by the PCAOB for three consecutive years, and this ultimately could result in our Ordinary Shares being delisted.

 

On March 24, 2021, the SEC adopted interim final rules relating to the implementation of certain disclosure and documentation requirements of the HFCA Act. A company will be required to comply with these rules if the SEC identifies it as having a “non-inspection” year under a process to be subsequently established by the SEC. The SEC is assessing how to implement other requirements of the HFCA Act, including the listing and trading prohibition requirements described above.

 

On June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “AHFCAA”), which, if passed by the U.S. House of Representatives and signed into law, would reduce the number of consecutive non-inspection years required for triggering the prohibitions under the HFCA Act from three years to two years.

 

On December 2, 2021, the SEC issued amendments to finalize rules implementing the submission and disclosure requirements in the HFCA Act, which took effect on January 10, 2022. The rules apply to registrants that the SEC identifies as having filed an annual report with an audit report issued by a registered public accounting firm that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in foreign jurisdictions.

 

On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report, which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China of the PRC or Hong Kong, a special administrative region and dependency of the PRC, because of a position taken by one or more authorities in the PRC or Hong Kong. The PCAOB made its determinations pursuant to PCAOB Rule 6100, which provides a framework for how PCAOB fulfills its responsibilities under the HFCA Act.

 

Our auditor, ZH CPA, LLC, the independent registered public accounting firm that issued the audit report incorporated by reference in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, as an auditor of companies that are traded publicly in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB, is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess our auditor’s compliance with the applicable professional standards. ZH CPA, LLC is headquartered in Denver, Colorado, and can be inspected by the PCAOB. As of the date of this prospectus, our auditor is not subject to the determinations announced by the PCAOB on December 16, 2021 in mainland China or Hong Kong because of a position taken by one or more authorities in the PRC or Hong Kong.

 

On August 26, 2022, the SEC issued a statement announcing that the PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol with the CSRC and the Ministry of Finance of the PRC governing inspections and investigations of audit firms based in mainland China and Hong Kong. Pursuant to the Statement of Protocol, the PCAOB has independent discretion to select any issuer audits for inspection or investigation and has unfettered ability to transfer information to the SEC. According to the PCAOB, its December 2021 determinations under the HFCA Act remain in effect.

 

 

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On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB Board determined that the PCAOB was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and voted to vacate its previous determinations to the contrary. However, should PRC authorities obstruct or otherwise fail to facilitate the PCAOB’s access in the future, the PCAOB Board will consider the need to issue a new determination.

 

On December 29, 2022, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (the “CAA”) was signed into law by President Biden. The CAA contained, among other things, an identical provision to the AHFCAA, which reduces the number of consecutive non-inspection years required for triggering the prohibitions under the HFCA Act from three years to two.

 

Implications of Being a Controlled Company

 

We are a “controlled company” as defined under the Nasdaq Stock Market Rules because, as of the date of this prospectus, our Controlling Shareholder owns approximately 3.76% of our total issued and outstanding Shares, representing approximately 98.50% of the total voting power. As a result, we may rely on exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that provide protection to shareholders of other companies.

 

For so long as we are a controlled company under that definition, we are permitted to elect to rely, and may rely, on certain exemptions from corporate governance rules, including:

 

an exemption from the rule that a majority of our board of directors must be independent directors;

 

an exemption from the rule that the compensation of our chief executive officer must be determined or recommended solely by independent directors; and

 

an exemption from the rule that our director nominees must be selected or recommended solely by independent directors.

 

As a result, you will not have the same protection afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to these corporate governance requirements. Although we do not intend to rely on the “controlled company” exemption under the Nasdaq listing rules, we could elect to rely on this exemption. If we elected to rely on the “controlled company” exemption, a majority of the members of our board of directors might not be independent directors and our nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees might not consist entirely of independent directors. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares— As a “controlled company” under the rules of Nasdaq, we may choose to exempt our Company from certain corporate governance requirements, which could have an adverse effect on our public shareholders.

 

Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Foreign Private Issuer

 

As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in revenue during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”), enacted in April 2012, and may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. These provisions include, but are not limited to:

 

being permitted to present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our filings with the SEC;

 

not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting;

 

reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports, proxy statements, and registration statements; and

 

exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

 

We may take advantage of these provisions until the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our Ordinary Shares pursuant to our IPO in November 2023. However, if certain events occur before the end of such five-year period, including if we become a “large accelerated filer,” our annual gross revenues exceed US$1.235 billion, or we issue more than US$1 billion of non-convertible debt in any three-year period, we will cease to be an emerging growth company before the end of such five-year period.

 

 

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In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards and acknowledge such election is irrevocable pursuant to Section 107 of the JOBS Act.

 

We are a foreign private issuer as defined by the SEC. As a result, in accordance with the rules and regulations of Nasdaq, we may comply with home country governance requirements and certain exemptions thereunder rather than complying with Nasdaq corporate governance standards. We may choose to take advantage of the following exemptions afforded to foreign private issuers:

 

Exemption from filing quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or providing current reports on Form 8-K disclosing significant events within four days of their occurrence.

 

Exemption from Section 16 rules regarding sales of Ordinary Shares by insiders, which will provide less data in this regard than shareholders of U.S. companies that are subject to the Exchange Act.

 

Exemption from the Nasdaq rules applicable to domestic issuers requiring disclosure within four business days of any determination to grant a waiver of the code of business conduct and ethics to directors and officers. Although we will require board approval of any such waiver, we may choose not to disclose the waiver in the manner set forth in the Nasdaq rules, as permitted by the foreign private issuer exemption.

 

Furthermore, Nasdaq Rule 5615(a)(3) provides that a foreign private issuer, such as us, may rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules in the Nasdaq Rule 5600 Series and Rule 5250(d), provided that we nevertheless comply with Nasdaq’s Notification of Noncompliance requirement (Rule 5625), the Voting Rights requirement (Rule 5640) and that we have an audit committee that satisfies Rule 5605(c)(3), consisting of committee members that meet the independence requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2)(A)(ii). If we rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules of Nasdaq, our shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq. If we choose to do so, we may utilize these exemptions for as long as we continue to qualify as a foreign private issuer.

 

On April 16, 2025, we notified Nasdaq that we intend to follow our home country practice in lieu of the following Nasdaq Listing Rules:

 

Rule 5620, which requires the holding of an annual meeting of shareholders no later than one year after each fiscal year-end;

 

Rule 5635(a) and (d), which require shareholder approval prior to an issuance of securities in connection with the acquisition of the stock or assets of another company, and with any transactions other than public offerings; and

 

Rule 5250(b)(3), which requires disclosure of third party director and nominee compensation.

 

We submitted to Nasdaq a written statement by counsel of the Cayman Islands certifying that the above noncompliant practices are not prohibited under the laws of the Cayman Islands, the Company’s home jurisdiction. In the future, we may also rely on home country practices with respect to our other corporate governance. As a result of this, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they would otherwise enjoy under the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.

 

Corporate Information

 

Our principal executive office is located at Office 1401, Level 14, 197 St Georges Tce, Perth, WA 6000, Australia. Our telephone number is (+61) 08 6141 3263. Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is located at the office of Ogier Global (Cayman) Limited, 89 Nexus Way, Camana Bay, Grand Cayman, KY1-9009, Cayman Islands, and its telephone number is (+1) 345 949 9876.

 

Our agent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc., located at 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor New York, NY 10168, and its telephone number is 800 221 0102. Our website address is https://globavend.com/. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of, and shall not be incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have included our website in this prospectus solely for information purposes. The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC using its EDGAR system.

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

 

An investment in our securities involves significant risk. The occurrence of any of the following risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future growth prospects. Before making an investment in our securities, you should carefully consider the following information about these risks, including the risk factors described in our Annual Report, and all other information contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus before deciding to invest in our securities. The risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also materially harm our business, operating results and financial condition and could result in a complete loss of your investment.

 

Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares

 

If the price of our Ordinary Shares falls below the minimum bid price requirements required by the Nasdaq Listing Rules, our Ordinary Shares could be delisted from Nasdaq.

 

Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) requires our Ordinary Shares to have a minimum bid price of at least $1.00 per share (the “Minimum Bid Price Requirement”). If we receive a letter from Nasdaq indicating that we are not compliant with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement for 30 consecutive business days, our Ordinary Shares may be delisted from Nasdaq if we are not then eligible for a grace period of 180 calendar days from such notification to achieve compliance. If we cannot maintain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, our Ordinary Shares could be delisted from Nasdaq. Furthermore, we have conducted a public offering in June 2025 that is highly dilutive. If Nasdaq determines that an offering under this registration statement has raised public interest concerns due to its dilutive effect, we may not be entitled to a grace period of 180 calendar days to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, and our Ordinary Shares could be delisted from Nasdaq. Furthermore, on August 22, 2025, Nasdaq filed a proposed rule change with the SEC (File No. SR-NASDAQ-2025-065) pursuant to Rule 19b-4 under the Exchange Act. If approved, a company will not be eligible for the grace period of 180 calendar days if its security has a closing bid price of $0.10 or less for ten consecutive trading days. The proposed rule change is currently under review by the SEC, with a final decision expected on or before September 29, 2025. The SEC has not announced any final decision yet.

 

In addition, Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A)(iii) (the “Low Priced Stock Rule”) provides that if a company’s security has a closing bid price of $0.10 or less for ten consecutive trading days during any bid price compliance period, Nasdaq must issue a delisting determination with respect to that security. The closing price of our Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq on September 30, 2025 was $4.59 per share. A sale of substantial number of Ordinary Shares could depress the trading price of our Ordinary Shares and result in non-compliance of the Low Priced Stock Rule. If we receive a letter from Nasdaq indicating that we are not compliant with the Low Priced Stock Rule, we may timely request a hearing before Nasdaq’s hearings panel (the “Hearings Panel”) to appeal the delisting determination, which would stay the delisting and suspension of our Ordinary Shares pending the decision of the Hearings Panel. No assurances may be made as to whether our effectuation of a reverse stock would cure any future deficiencies regarding the price of our Ordinary Shares for purposes of the Low Priced Stock Rule.

 

If an active trading market does not develop, you may not be able to resell our Ordinary Shares at any reasonable price.

 

An active trading market may not develop or, if developed, may not be sustained for the trading of our Ordinary Shares. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your Ordinary Shares at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling Ordinary Shares and may impair our ability to acquire other companies by using our Ordinary Shares as consideration.

 

The trading price of our Ordinary Shares could be subject to rapid and substantial volatility.

 

There have been instances of extreme stock price run-ups followed by rapid price declines and strong stock price volatility with recent initial public offerings, especially among those with relatively smaller public floats. As a relatively small-capitalization company with a relatively small public float, we may experience greater stock price volatility, extreme price run-ups, lower trading volume, and less liquidity than large-capitalization companies. In particular, our Ordinary Shares may be subject to rapid and substantial price volatility, low volumes of trades, and large spreads in bid and ask prices. Such volatility, including any stock run-up, may be unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance and financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Ordinary Shares.

 

The volatility and wide fluctuations of trading prices could be due to factors beyond our control. This may happen due to broad market and industry factors, such as performance and fluctuation in the market prices or underperformance or deteriorating financial results of other listed companies based in Hong Kong and China. For example, if the trading volumes of our Ordinary Shares are low, persons buying or selling in relatively small quantities may easily influence prices of our Ordinary Shares. This low volume of trades could also cause the price of our Ordinary Shares to fluctuate greatly, with large percentage changes in price occurring in any trading day session. Holders of our Ordinary Shares may also not be able to readily liquidate their investment or may be forced to sell at depressed prices due to low-volume trading. The trading performances of other Hong Kong and Chinese companies’ securities after their offerings may affect the attitudes of investors toward Hong Kong-based, U.S.-listed companies, which consequently may affect the trading performance of our Ordinary Shares, regardless of our actual operating performance. In addition, any negative news or perceptions about inadequate corporate governance practices or fraudulent accounting, corporate structure, or matters of other Hong Kong and Chinese companies may also negatively affect the attitudes of investors toward Hong Kong and Chinese companies in general, including us, regardless of whether we have conducted any inappropriate activities. Furthermore, securities markets may from time to time experience significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to our operating performance, which may have a material and adverse effect on the trading price of our Ordinary Shares.

 

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In addition to the above factors, the price and trading volume of our Ordinary Shares may be highly volatile due to multiple factors, including the following:

 

Regulatory developments affecting us or our industry;

 

Variations in our revenues, profit, and cash flow;

 

Changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other financial services firms;

 

Actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations and changes or revisions of our expected results;

 

Changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;

 

Detrimental negative publicity about us, our services, our officers, our directors, our Controlling Shareholder, our business partners, or our industry;

 

Announcements by us or our competitors of new service offerings, acquisitions, strategic relationships, joint ventures, capital raisings, or capital commitments;

 

Additions to or departures of our senior management;

 

Litigation or regulatory proceedings involving us, our officers, our directors, or our Controlling Shareholder;

 

Release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding Ordinary Shares; and

 

Sales or perceived potential sales of additional Ordinary Shares.

 

Any of these factors may result in large and sudden changes in the volume and price at which our Ordinary Shares will trade. As a result of this volatility, investors may experience losses on their investment in our Ordinary Shares. A decline in the market price of our Ordinary Shares also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional shares of Ordinary Shares and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future. No assurance can be given that an active market in our Ordinary Shares will develop or be sustained. If an active market does not develop, holders of our Ordinary Shares may be unable to readily sell the shares they hold or may not be able to sell their shares at all. In the past, shareholders of public companies have often brought securities class action suits against those companies following periods of instability in the market price of their securities. If we were involved in a class action suit, it could divert a significant amount of our management’s attention and other resources from our business and operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit, which could harm our results of operations. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm our reputation and restrict our ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against us, we may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

 

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources and divert management’s attention.

 

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2022 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and other applicable securities rules and regulations. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual and current reports with the SEC with respect to our business and operating results. Compliance with these rules and regulations increases our legal and financial compliance costs, makes some activities more difficult, time-consuming, or costly, and increases demand on our systems and resources.

 

As a result of disclosure of information in our annual report on Form 20-F and in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition is more visible, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be harmed, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert resources of our management and harm our business and operating results.

 

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We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiary to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other uses outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiary to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless.

 

Globavend Holdings is a holding company, and we rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries for our cash and financing requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders and to service any debt we may incur. We do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We anticipate that we will retain any earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. If any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.

 

According to the BVI Business Companies Act (as amended), a BVI company may make dividends distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company’s assets exceeds its liabilities and that such company is able to pay its debts as they fall due. According to the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong, a Hong Kong company may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect to dividends paid by us. The PRC laws and regulations do not currently have any material impact on transfers of cash from Globavend Holdings to our subsidiaries in Hong Kong or from such subsidiaries to Globavend Holdings, our shareholders, and U.S. investors. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our operating subsidiary in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services; reduce revenues; increase costs; require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals, or certificates; or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected, and such measures could materially decrease the value of our Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering them worthless. Further, any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends, or otherwise fund and conduct our business.

 

Any lack of effective internal controls over financial reporting may affect our ability to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud, which may affect the market for and price of our Ordinary Shares.

 

We are a public company in the United States subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we include a report of management on our internal control over financial reporting in our annual report on Form 20-F. Our management may conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective. Moreover, even if our management concludes that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, our independent registered public accounting firm, after conducting its own independent testing, may issue a report that is qualified if it is not satisfied with our internal controls or the level at which our controls are documented, designed, operated or reviewed, or if it interprets the relevant requirements differently from us. In addition, our reporting obligations as a public company may place a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources and systems for the foreseeable future. We may be unable to timely complete our evaluation testing and any required remediation. Our independent registered public accounting firm has not conducted an audit of our internal control over financial reporting. In the course of management’s preparation and our independent registered public accounting firm’s auditing our consolidated financial statements for the year ended September 30, 2024, we have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. As defined in the standards established by the PCAOB, a “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

 

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The material weakness identified relates to the lack of sufficient competent financial reporting and accounting personnel with appropriate understanding of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and SEC rules and regulations to address complex technical accounting issues and SEC reporting requirements. To remedy the identified material weaknesses, we have implemented and will continue to implement several measures to improve our internal control over financial reporting, including: (i) recruiting additional employees and external consultants with extensive knowledge of U.S. GAAP and SEC financial reporting requirements within our finance and accounting department; (ii) setting up a comprehensive accounting policy, checklists, and procedure manual in accordance with U.S. GAAP and SEC financial reporting requirements; (iii) implementing new closing and reporting procedures to ensure the accuracy and adequacy of financial data for the preparation of financial statements; (iv) conducting regular and continuous U.S. GAAP training programs and webinars for our financial reporting and accounting personnel; (v) improving financial oversight function for handling complex accounting issues under U.S. GAAP; and (vi) continuously developing and enhancing our internal audit function for the financial reporting matters. However, we cannot assure you that these measures may fully address the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting or that we may not identify additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in the future.

 

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires us to include a report from management on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in our annual report on Form 20-F beginning with our annual report for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024. In addition, once we cease to be an “emerging growth company” as such term is defined in the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm must attest to and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our management may conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective. Moreover, even if our management concludes that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, our independent registered public accounting firm, after conducting its own independent testing, may issue an adverse report if it is not satisfied with our internal control or the level at which our control is documented, designed, operated, or reviewed, or if it interprets relevant requirements differently from us.

 

In addition, our internal control over financial reporting will not prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud will be detected.

 

Our Ordinary Shares are currently listed on Nasdaq. Nasdaq may delist our Ordinary Shares from trading, in which case the liquidity and market price of our Ordinary Shares could decline.

 

If we fail to comply with the continued listing requirements to remain listed on Nasdaq, such as the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, Nasdaq may delist our Ordinary Shares, we and our shareholders could face significant material adverse consequences, including:

 

A limited availability of market quotations for our Ordinary Shares;

 

Reduced liquidity for our Ordinary Shares;

 

A determination that our Ordinary Shares are “penny stock,” which would require brokers trading in our Ordinary Shares to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our Ordinary Shares;

 

A limited amount of news about us and analyst coverage of us; and

 

A decreased ability for us to issue additional equity securities or obtain additional equity or debt financing in the future.

 

The recent proposed rule change by Nasdaq, if approved, will impose additional continued listing requirements on our Ordinary Shares.

 

On September 3, 2025, Nasdaq filed a proposed rule change with the SEC (File No. SR-NASDAQ-2025-009) pursuant to Rule 19b-4 under the Exchange Act. If approved, a company’s securities will be subject to immediate suspension and delisting if it is non-compliant with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement or the Low Priced Stock Rule and the company has failed to maintain a value of at least $5 million in Market Value of Listed Securities (as defined in the Nasdaq rules) of its securities for a period of 10 consecutive business days, which is an additional ground for immediate suspension and delisting. The proposed rule change is currently under review by the SEC, with a final decision expected on or before October 10, 2025. In the event that the proposed rule change is approved and becomes effective, if the market value of our Ordinary Shares falls below $5 million for a period of 10 consecutive business days, the trading in our Ordinary Shares may be immediately suspended and our Ordinary Shares may be delisted.

 

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Because the amount, timing, and whether or not we distribute dividends at all is entirely at the discretion of our board of directors, you must rely on price appreciation of our Ordinary Shares for return on your investment.

 

Our board of directors has complete discretion as to whether to distribute dividends under our Memorandum and Articles. The declaration and payment of all dividends are subject to certain restrictions under Cayman Islands law, namely that the Company may only pay dividends out of profits or share premium and provided that under no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in the Company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount, and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on, among other things, our future results of operations and cash flow; our capital requirements and surplus; the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiaries; and our financial condition, contractual restrictions, and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Accordingly, the return on your investment in our Ordinary Shares will likely depend entirely upon any future price appreciation of our Ordinary Shares. We cannot assure you that our Ordinary Shares will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which you purchased the Ordinary Shares. You may not realize a return on your investment in our Ordinary Shares, and you may even lose your entire investment in our Ordinary Shares.

 

Securities analysts may not publish favorable research or reports about our business or may publish no information at all, which could cause our Ordinary Share price or trading volume to decline.

 

The trading market may be influenced to some extent by the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us and our business. We do not control these analysts. As a new public company, we may be slow to attract research coverage, and the analysts who publish information about our Ordinary Shares will have had relatively little experience with us or our industry, which could affect their ability to accurately forecast our results and could make it more likely that we fail to meet their estimates. In the event we obtain securities or industry analyst coverage, if any of the analysts who cover us provide inaccurate or unfavorable research or issue an adverse opinion regarding our share price, our share price could decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports covering us regularly, we could lose visibility in the market, which, in turn, could cause our share price or trading volume to decline and result in the loss of all or a part of your investment in us.

 

You may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments, or bringing original actions in the Cayman Islands or Hong Kong based on U.S. or other foreign laws, and the ability of U.S. authorities to bring actions in the Cayman Islands or Hong Kong may also be limited.

 

We are a company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. We conduct substantially all our operations in Hong Kong and substantially all of our assets are located in Hong Kong. In addition, a majority of our directors and executive officers and the experts named in this prospectus reside outside the United States, and most of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for you to effect service of process within the United States upon us or these individuals or to bring an action against us or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the U.S. federal securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands, Hong Kong, or other relevant jurisdictions may render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers.

 

Our counsel as to the laws of the Cayman Islands has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in the Cayman Islands against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

 

Our counsel as to the laws of the Cayman Islands has also informed us that the courts of the Cayman Islands would recognize as a valid judgment a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in the foreign courts (other than judgements from certain Australian courts which are recognized under the Foreign Judgments Reciprocal Enforcement Act (1996) Revision) against our Company under which a sum of money is payable (other than a sum of money payable in respect to multiple damages, taxes, or other charges of a like nature or in respect to a fine or other penalty) or, in certain circumstances, an in personam judgment for non-monetary relief, and would give a judgment based thereon provided that (i) such courts had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to such judgment, (ii) such courts did not contravene the rules of natural justice of the Cayman Islands, (iii) such judgment was not obtained by fraud, (iv) the enforcement of the judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands, (v) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of the Cayman Islands, and (vi) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws of the Cayman Islands.

 

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Our counsel as to the laws of Hong Kong has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Hong Kong would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in Hong Kong against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. A judgment of a court in the United States predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws may be enforced in Hong Kong at common law by bringing an action in a Hong Kong court on that judgment for the amount due thereunder and then seeking summary judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign judgment, among other things, is (1) for a debt or a definite sum of money (not being taxes or similar charges to a foreign government taxing authority or a fine or other penalty), and (2) final and conclusive on the merits of the claim, but not otherwise. Such a judgment may not, in any event, be so enforced in Hong Kong if (a) it was obtained by fraud, (b) the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice, (c) its enforcement or recognition would be contrary to the public policy of Hong Kong, (d) the court of the United States was not jurisdictionally competent, and (e) the judgment was in conflict with a prior Hong Kong judgment. Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the United States. As a result, there is uncertainty as to the enforceability in Hong Kong, in original actions or in actions for enforcement, of judgments of U.S. courts of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state or territory within the United States.

 

You may have more difficulties protecting your interests than you would as a shareholder of a U.S. corporation.

 

We are an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Our corporate affairs are governed by the provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association and by the provisions of the Companies Act and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action against the directors, actions by minority shareholders, and the fiduciary duties of our directors to us under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands, as well as from the common law of England, the decisions of whose courts are of persuasive authority, but are not binding, on a court in the Cayman Islands.

 

The rights of shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors and officers under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedents in some jurisdictions in the United States, and some states (such as Delaware) have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States.

 

Shareholders of Cayman Islands-exempted companies like us have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to obtain copies of the register of members or corporate records of the company. They will, however, have such rights as may be set out in our Company’s Articles. A Cayman Islands-exempted company may maintain its principal register of members and any branch registers in any country or territory, whether within or outside the Cayman Islands, as the company may determine from time to time. There is no requirement for an exempted company to make any returns of members to the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands. The names and addresses of the members are, accordingly, not a matter of public record and are not available for public inspection. However, an exempted company shall make available at its registered office, in electronic form or any other medium, such register of members, including any branch register of members, as may be required of it upon service of an order or notice by the Tax Information Authority pursuant to the Tax Information Authority Act (2021 Revision) of the Cayman Islands. This may make it more difficult for you to obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.

 

Certain corporate governance practices in the Cayman Islands, which is our home country, differ significantly from requirements for companies incorporated in other jurisdictions, such as the United States. To the extent we choose to follow home country practices with respect to corporate governance matters, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under rules and regulations applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.

 

As a result of all of the above, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors, or our Controlling Shareholder than they would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States. For a discussion of significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Act and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders, see “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares — You may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments, or bringing original actions in the Cayman Islands or Hong Kong based on U.S. or other foreign laws, and the ability of U.S. authorities to bring actions in the Cayman Islands or Hong Kong may also be limited.”

 

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Cayman Islands economic substance requirements may have an effect on our business and operations.

 

Pursuant to the International Tax Cooperation (Economic Substance) Act, 2018 of the Cayman Islands (“ES Act”) that came into force on January 1, 2019, a “relevant entity” is required to satisfy the economic substance test set out in the ES Act. A “relevant entity” includes an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands as is the Company; however, it does not include an entity that is tax resident outside the Cayman Islands. Accordingly, currently, for so long as the Company is a tax resident outside the Cayman Islands (other than excluded jurisdictions), it is not required to satisfy the economic substance test set out in the ES Act. The ES Act continues to evolve and its application is subject to further clarification by regulatory authority. We may need to allocate additional resources to keep updated with these developments, and we may have to make changes to our operations in order to comply with all requirements under the ES Act.

 

We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and, as such, we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to U.S. domestic public companies.

 

Because we qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions of the securities rules and regulations in the United States that are applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, including:

 

The rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K;

 

The sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents, or authorizations in respect to a security registered under the Exchange Act;

 

The sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and

 

The selective disclosure rules by issuers of material non-public information under Regulation FD.

 

We are required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of each fiscal year. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely compared to that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protections or information that would be made available to you were you investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.

 

As a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to adopt certain home country practices in relation to corporate governance matters that differ significantly from Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards. These practices may afford less protection to shareholders than they would enjoy if we complied fully with Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards.

 

As a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to take advantage of certain provisions in the Nasdaq rules that allow us to follow our home country law for certain governance matters. Certain corporate governance practices in our home country, the Cayman Islands, may differ significantly from corporate governance listing standards.

 

On April 16, 2025, we notified Nasdaq that we intend to follow its home country practice in lieu of the following Nasdaq Listing Rules:

 

Rule 5620, which requires the holding of an annual meeting of shareholders no later than one year after each fiscal year-end;

 

Rule 5635(a) and (d), which require shareholder approval prior to an issuance of securities in connection with the acquisition of the stock or assets of another company, and with any transactions other than public offerings; and

 

Rule 5250(b)(3), which requires disclosure of third party director and nominee compensation.

 

We submitted to Nasdaq a written statement by counsel of the Cayman Islands certifying that the above non-compliant practices are not prohibited under the laws of the Cayman Islands, the Company’s home jurisdiction. In future, we may also rely on home country practices with respect to our other corporate governance. As a result of which, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they would otherwise enjoy under the Nasdaq corporate governance listing standards applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.

 

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We may lose our foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses.

 

We are a foreign private issuer, and therefore, we are not required to comply with all of the periodic disclosure and current reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. The determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last business day of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. We would lose our foreign private issuer status if, for example, more than 50% of our Ordinary Shares are directly or indirectly held by residents of the United States and we fail to meet additional requirements necessary to maintain our foreign private issuer status. If we lose our foreign private issuer status on this date, we will be required to file with the SEC periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic issuer forms, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. We will also have to mandatorily comply with U.S. federal proxy requirements, and our officers, directors, and principal shareholders will become subject to the short-swing profit disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will lose our ability to rely upon exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements under the Nasdaq rules. As a U.S.-listed public company that is not a foreign private issuer, we will incur significant additional legal, accounting, and other expenses that we will not incur as a foreign private issuer in order to maintain a listing on a U.S. securities exchange.

 

There can be no assurance that we will not be a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders of our Ordinary Shares.

 

A non-U.S. corporation will be a PFIC for any taxable year if either (i) at least 75% of its gross income for such year consists of certain types of “passive” income, or (ii) at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets) during such year is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income (the “asset test”). Based on our current and expected income and assets, we do not presently expect to be a PFIC for the current taxable year or the foreseeable future. However, no assurance can be given in this regard because the determination of whether we are or will become a PFIC is a fact-intensive inquiry made on an annual basis that depends, in part, upon the composition of our income and assets. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) will agree with our conclusion or that the IRS would not successfully challenge our position. Fluctuations in the market price of our Ordinary Shares may cause us to become a PFIC for the current or subsequent taxable years because the value of our assets for the purpose of the asset test may be determined by reference to the market price of our Ordinary Shares. The composition of our income and assets may also be affected by how, and how quickly, we use our liquid assets and the cash raised in our initial public offering in November 2023. If we were to be or become a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. holder holds our Ordinary Shares, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences could apply to such U.S. holder.

 

We are an emerging growth company within the meaning of the Securities Act and may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements.

 

As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in revenues for our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” pursuant to the JOBS Act. Therefore, we may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Section 404, in the assessment of the emerging growth company’s internal control over financial reporting and permission to delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. As a result, if we elect not to comply with such reporting and other requirements, in particular the auditor attestation requirements, our investors may not have access to certain information they may deem important. The JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company does not need to comply with any new or revised financial accounting standards until such date that a private company is otherwise required to comply with such new or revised accounting standards. We do not plan to opt out of such exemptions afforded to an emerging growth company. As a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective data.

 

In addition to our status as an emerging growth company, we also report under the Exchange Act as a non-U.S. company with foreign private issuer status. Even after we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, as long as we qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act we will be exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. domestic public companies, including (i) the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; (ii) the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their share ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and (iii) the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q containing unaudited financial and other specific information, or current reports on Form 8-K, upon the occurrence of specified significant events.

 

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Both foreign private issuers and emerging growth companies are also exempt from certain more stringent executive compensation disclosure rules. Thus, even if we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, as long as we remain a foreign private issuer, we will continue to be exempt from the more stringent compensation disclosures required of companies that are neither an emerging growth company nor a foreign private issuer.

 

We have incurred increased costs as a result of being a public company, and may incur additional costs after we cease to qualify as an “emerging growth company.”

 

As a U.S. public company, we have incurred significant legal, accounting, and other expenses as a public company that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as well as rules subsequently implemented by the SEC, impose various requirements on the corporate governance practices of public companies. We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act and will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of our initial public offering in November 2023, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least US$1.235 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our Ordinary Shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the end of any second fiscal quarter before that time; and (2) the date on which we have issued more than US$1 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 in the assessment of the emerging growth company’s internal control over financial reporting and permission to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies.

 

Compliance with these rules and regulations increases our legal and financial compliance costs and makes some corporate activities more time-consuming and costly. After we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” or until five years following the completion of our IPO, whichever is earlier, we expect to incur significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley and the other rules and regulations of the SEC. For example, as a public company, we are required to increase the number of independent directors and adopt policies regarding internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. We have incurred additional costs in obtaining director and officer liability insurance. In addition, we have incurred additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements. It may also be more difficult for us to find qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. We are currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these rules and regulations, and we cannot predict or estimate with any degree of certainty the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.

 

As a “controlled company” under the rules of Nasdaq, we may choose to exempt our Company from certain corporate governance requirements, which could have an adverse effect on our public shareholders.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, our directors, officers, and principal shareholders hold in aggregate 57,324 Shares, comprising 57,224 Ordinary Shares and 100 Management Shares, representing approximately 3.76% of the total issued and outstanding Shares and approximately 98.50% of the total voting power. We are therefore a “controlled company” as defined under the Nasdaq Stock Market Rules.

 

Under Rule 4350(c) of Nasdaq, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group, or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirement that a majority of our directors be independent, as defined in the rules of Nasdaq, and the requirement that our compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees consist entirely of independent directors. Although we do not intend to rely on the “controlled company” exemption under the Nasdaq Listing Rules, we could elect to rely on this exemption in the future. If we elect to rely on the “controlled company” exemption, a majority of the members of our board of directors might not be independent directors and our nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees might not consist entirely of independent directors. Accordingly, during any time while we remain a controlled company relying on the exemption and during any transition period following a time when we are no longer a controlled company, you would not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq. Our status as a controlled company could cause our Ordinary Shares to be less attractive to certain investors or otherwise harm our trading price.

 

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In addition, the interests of these shareholders may not be the same as or may even conflict with your interests. For example, these shareholders could attempt to delay or prevent a change in control of us, even if such change in control would benefit our other shareholders, which could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their Ordinary Shares as part of a sale of us or our assets and might affect the prevailing market price of our Ordinary Shares due to investors’ perceptions that conflicts of interest may exist or arise. As a result, this concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of our other shareholders.

 

Risks Related to our Capital Structure

 

We have a dual-class share capital structure and Mr. Yau will have the ability to control or significantly influence the outcome of matters requiring approval by shareholders. The disparate voting rights may also have anti-takeover effects preventing a change in control transaction that shareholders might consider in their best interest.

 

Our authorized and issued Shares comprised of Ordinary Shares and Management Shares.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, there are currently 1,526,213 Shares issued and outstanding, comprising 1,526,113 Ordinary Shares and 100 Management Shares. Unless otherwise provided in the Memorandum and Articles of the Company and/or the terms of issue of the Management Shares, holders of Ordinary Shares and Management Shares shall at all times vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote by the shareholders. Each Ordinary Share has one (1) vote and each Management Share has one million (1,000,000) votes. The Management Shares do not carry any dividend or distribution rights nor are they convertible into Ordinary Shares at any time.

 

The Management Shares outstanding are beneficially owned by Mr. Yau, representing approximately 98.44% of the aggregate voting power of our currently outstanding Shares as of the date hereof. Together with the Ordinary Shares that Mr. Yau beneficially owns, Mr. Yau owns approximately 98.50% of our voting rights. Because of the one-million-to-one voting ratio between our Management Shares and Ordinary Shares, Mr. Yau will continue to control a majority of the combined voting power of our Ordinary Shares and Management Shares and therefore be able to control all matters submitted to our shareholders for approval. Mr. Yau will be able to retain such control as long as the number of Management Shares that he holds is not less than approximately 0.06% of our total issued and outstanding Shares, assuming that he does not hold any of our Ordinary Shares. This concentrated control will limit the ability of holders of Ordinary Shares to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future. Furthermore, should the Company decide to issue additional Management Shares in the future, the one-million-to-one voting ratio between the two classes of our Ordinary Shares will result in a further dilutive effect on the holders of Ordinary Shares.

 

As a result, for so long as Mr. Yau owns a controlling or significant voting interest in our Shares, he generally may be able to control or significantly influence, directly or indirectly and subject to applicable law, all matters affecting us, including without limitation:

 

the election of directors;
   
approving liquidation plan;
   
amendment of the memorandum and articles of association of our Company; and
   
other matters that would require a resolution of shareholders of the Company under the laws of the Cayman Islands, such as change of company name, re-domicile of our Company to another jurisdiction and reduction of share capital.

 

Furthermore, the disparate voting rights may also have anti-takeover effects preventing a change in control transaction that shareholders might consider in their best interest.

 

Even if Mr. Yau were to dispose of certain Shares such that he would control less than a majority of the voting power of our issued and outstanding Shares, he may be able to influence the outcome of certain corporate actions so long as he retains Management Shares. During the period of Mr. Yau’s controlling or significant ownership of our Shares, investors may not be able to affect the outcome of such corporate actions.

 

Mr. Yau may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree, and which may be adverse to your interests. Corporate action might be taken even if other shareholders oppose them. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control or other liquidity event of our Company, could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares of Ordinary Shares as part of a sale or other liquidity event, and might ultimately affect the market price of our Ordinary Shares.

 

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Furthermore, we cannot predict whether our dual-class structure will result in a lower or more volatile market price of our Ordinary Shares or in adverse publicity or other adverse consequences. For example, certain index providers have announced restrictions on including companies with multiple-class share structures in certain of their indexes. In July 2017, FTSE Russell and S&P Dow Jones announced that they would cease to allow most newly public companies utilizing dual-class capital structures to be included in their indices. Affected indices include the Russell 2000 and the S&P 500, S&P MidCap 400, and S&P SmallCap 600, which together make up the S&P Composite 1500. Beginning in 2017, MSCI, a leading stock index provider, opened public consultations on their treatment of dual-class structures and temporarily barred new dual-class listings from certain of its indices; however, in October 2018, MSCI announced its decision to include equity securities “with unequal voting structures” in its indices and to launch a new index that specifically includes voting rights in its eligibility criteria. Under the announced policies, our dual-class capital structure makes us ineligible for inclusion in certain indices, and as a result, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds and other investment vehicles that attempt to passively track those indices are not expected to invest in our stock. These policies are still fairly new, and it is as of yet unclear what effect, if any, they will have on the valuations of publicly traded companies excluded from the indices, but it is possible that they may depress these valuations compared to those of other similar companies that are included. Because of our multi-class structure, we will likely be excluded from certain of these indexes and we cannot assure you that other stock indexes will not take similar actions. Given the sustained flow of investment funds into passive strategies that seek to track certain indexes, exclusion from stock indexes would likely preclude investment by many of these funds and could make our Ordinary Shares less attractive to other investors. As a result, the market price of our Ordinary Shares could be adversely affected.

 

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus contain forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the words “may,” “might,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “objective,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” and “ongoing,” or the negative of these terms, or other comparable terminology intended to identify statements about the future. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from the information expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements and opinions contained in this prospectus are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus and, while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. Forward-looking statements include statements about:

 

our ability to comply with continued listing requirements of Nasdaq;

 

  the volatility and dilution of ownership of our Ordinary Shares;

 

our relationship with the Controlling Shareholder;

 

our plans for and the execution of our operations in Hong Kong;

 

the timing of the development of future business;

 

the capabilities of our business operations;

 

our expected future economic performance;

 

competition in our market;

 

the continued market acceptance of our services and products distributed by us;

 

changes in the laws that affect our operations;

 

inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;

 

our ability to obtain and maintain all necessary government certifications, approvals, and/or licenses to conduct our business;

 

continued development of a public trading market for our securities;

 

the cost of complying with current and future governmental regulations and the impact of any changes in the regulations on our operations;

 

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managing our growth effectively;

 

projections of revenue, earnings, capital structure, and other financial items;

 

fluctuations in operating results;

 

our dependence on our senior management and key employees; and

 

other factors set forth under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus and “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference herein.

 

You should refer to the section titled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus for a discussion of important factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. As a result of these factors, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein will prove to be accurate. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified time frame, or at all. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

 

You should read this prospectus and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

 

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

 

We may, from time to time, offer and sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus up to a total aggregate dollar amount of $1,000,000,000 in one or more offerings. The securities offered under this prospectus may be offered separately, together, or in separate series, and in amounts, at prices, and on terms to be determined at the time of sale. We will keep the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part effective until such time as all of the securities covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to such registration statement.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities we offer hereunder as indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference, or free writing prospectus.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

 

We currently intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, for the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects, other factors the board of directors deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.

 

During the years ended September 30, 2022, 2023 and 2024 and for the six months ended March 31, 2025, Globavend Holdings, Globavend BVI and Globavend Warehouse have not distributed any cash dividends or made any other cash distributions. During the years ended September 30, 2024 and for the six months ended March 31, 2025, Globavend HK has not distributed any cash dividends or made any other cash distributions. During the year ended September 30, 2023, Globavend HK declared cash dividends in the amount of US$1,474,359 (equivalent to HK$11,500,000) to our Controlling Shareholder. During the year ended September 30, 2022, Globavend HK declared dividends in the amount of US$1,597,909 (equivalent to HK$12,463,692) to our Controlling Shareholder, of which the amount of US$1,244,502 (equivalent to HK$9,707,117) has been distributed as cash dividends and the remaining amount was offset with the amount due to our Controlling Shareholder.

 

The declaration, amount, and payment of any future dividends will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors, subject to compliance with applicable Cayman Islands laws regarding solvency. Our board of directors will take into account general economic and business conditions; our financial condition and results of operations; our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs; capital requirements; contractual, legal, tax, and regulatory restrictions; and other implications on the payment of dividends by us to our shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us, and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant.

 

Subject to the Companies Act and our Memorandum and Articles of Association, the holders of our Ordinary Shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors. Subject to a solvency test, as prescribed in the Companies Act, and the provisions, if any, of our Memorandum and Articles of Association, a company may pay dividends and distributions out of its share premium account. In addition, dividends may be paid out of profits available on company level.

 

We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with no operating revenue or profit of our own. We rely on dividends paid to us by our subsidiaries for our cash requirements, including funds to pay any dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders, service any debt we may incur, and pay our operating expenses. Our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders will depend on, among other things, the availability of dividends from our subsidiaries. According to the BVI Business Companies Act (as amended), a BVI company may make dividends distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company’s assets exceeds its liabilities and that such company is able to pay its debts as they fall due. According to the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong, a Hong Kong company may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong with respect to dividends paid by us.

 

Cash dividends, if any, on our Ordinary Shares will be paid in U.S. dollars.

 

CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

 

Our capitalization will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or in a report on Form 6-K subsequently furnished to the SEC and specifically incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES WE ARE OFFERING

 

We may issue, offer and sell from time to time, in one or more offerings, the following securities:

 

Ordinary Shares;

 

preferred shares;

 

debt securities;

 

warrants to purchase debt securities, preferred shares, Ordinary Shares or Management Shares;

 

subscription rights to purchase our Ordinary Shares, Management Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants or units consisting of some or all of these securities;

 

purchase contracts; and

 

units comprising two or more securities described in this prospectus in any combination.

 

The following is a description of the terms and provisions of our Ordinary Shares; preferred shares; debt securities; warrants to purchase debt securities, preferred shares, Ordinary Shares or Management Shares; subscription rights to purchase our Ordinary Shares, Management Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants or units consisting of some or all of these securities; purchase contracts; and units comprising two or more securities described in this prospectus in any combination, which we may offer and sell using this prospectus. These summaries are not meant to be a complete description of each security. We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement a description of the securities that may be offered under this prospectus. The terms of the offering of securities, the initial offering price and the net proceeds to us, as applicable, will be contained in the prospectus supplement and other offering material relating to such offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement will contain the material terms and conditions for each security. You should carefully read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement before you invest in any of our securities.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

 

The following descriptions of the share capital of the Company and the provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association are summaries, do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to our Memorandum and Articles of Association, filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

We are a Cayman Islands exempted company and our affairs are governed by our Memorandum and Articles of Association, as amended from time to time, and the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands, which we refer to as the Companies Act below, and the common law of Cayman Islands.

 

Our Shares

 

As of the date of this prospectus, our authorized share capital is US$100,000,000 divided into 500,000,000 shares, par value of US$0.20 each, of which 100 shares are designated as Management Shares. As of the date of this prospectus, 1,526,113  Ordinary Shares and 100 Management Shares are issued and outstanding, and are fully paid.

 

Our Memorandum and Articles

 

The following are summaries of material provisions of the Memorandum and Articles and of the Companies Act, insofar as they relate to the material terms of our Ordinary Shares.

 

Objects of Our Company. Under our Memorandum and Articles, the objects of our Company are unrestricted, and we are capable of exercising all the functions of a natural person of full capacity irrespective of any question of corporate benefit, as provided by section 27(2) of the Companies Act.

 

Shares. Our Ordinary Shares and Management Shares are issued in registered form and are issued when registered in our register of members. We may not issue shares to bearer. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their shares.

 

Dividends. The holders of our Ordinary Shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors. The holders of our Management Shares are not entitled to any dividend or distribution (whether upon a winding up or otherwise). Our Memorandum and Articles provide that dividends may be declared and paid out of the funds of our Company lawfully available therefor. Under the laws of the Cayman Islands, our Company may pay a dividend out of either profit or share premium account; provided that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid out of our share premium if this would result in our Company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business.

 

Voting Rights. Voting at any meeting of shareholders is by way of a poll save that the chairman of the meeting may, in good faith, allow a resolution which relates purely to a procedural or administrative matter to be voted on by a show of hands. Notwithstanding the aforesaid, where the chairman of the meeting allows a resolution which relates to a procedural or administrative matter to be voted on by a show of hands, a poll may be demanded by:

 

  by at least three shareholders present in person or by proxy for the time being entitled to vote at the meeting;

 

  by shareholder(s) present in person or by proxy representing not less than one-tenth of the total voting rights of all shareholders having the right to vote at the meeting; and

 

  by shareholder(s) present in person or by proxy and holding shares in us conferring a right to vote at the meeting being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all shares conferring that right.

 

An ordinary resolution to be passed at a meeting by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the Ordinary Shares cast at a meeting, while a special resolution requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes cast attaching to the issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares at a meeting. A special resolution will be required for important matters such as a change of name, making changes to our Memorandum and Articles, a reduction of our share capital and the winding up of our company. Our shareholders may, among other things, divide or combine their shares by ordinary resolution.

 

Unless otherwise provided in the Memorandum and Articles of the Company and/or the terms of issue of the Management Shares, holders of Ordinary Shares and Management Shares shall at all times vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote by the shareholders. Each Ordinary Share has one (1) vote and each Management Share has one million (1,000,000) votes at a meeting of shareholders or on any resolution of shareholders of the Company (whether in writing or otherwise).

 

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General Meetings of Shareholders. As a Cayman Islands exempted company, we are not obliged by the Companies Act to call shareholders’ annual general meetings. Our Memorandum and Articles provide that we shall, if required by the Companies Act, in each year hold a general meeting as its annual general meeting, and shall specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it, and the annual general meeting shall be held at such time and place as may be determined by our directors. General meetings, including annual general meetings, may be held at such times and in any location in the world as may be determined by the board of directors. A general meeting or any class meeting may also be held by means of such telephone, electronic or other communication facilities as to permit all persons participating in the meeting to communicate with each other, and participation in such a meeting constitutes presence at such meeting.

 

Shareholders’ general meetings may be convened by the chairperson of our board of directors or by a majority of our board of directors. Advance notice of at least ten clear days is required for the convening of our annual general shareholders’ meeting (if any) and any other general meeting of our shareholders. A quorum required for any general meeting of shareholders consists of, at the time when the meeting proceeds to business, two shareholders holding shares which carry in aggregate (or representing by proxy) not less than one-third of all votes attaching to issued and outstanding shares in our Company entitled to vote at such general meeting.

 

The Companies Act does not provide shareholders with any right to requisition a general meeting or to put any proposal before a general meeting. Our Memorandum and Articles also do not provide our shareholders with any right to requisite any general meeting nor to put any proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings not called by such shareholders.

 

As a result of the adoption of the Articles, written resolutions of shareholders (or shareholders of a class of shares) are now permissible without the need for any notice, but if any resolution of shareholders is adopted otherwise than by the unanimous written consent of all shareholders, a copy of such resolution shall forthwith be sent to all shareholders not consenting to such resolution. A special resolution must however be consented to by all shareholders entitled to vote in accordance with the Companies Act.

 

Transfer of Shares. Subject to the restrictions set out below and save for the Management Shares, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her Ordinary Shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in a form prescribed by Nasdaq or any other form approved by our board of directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Ordinary Shares may also be transferred in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of Nasdaq.

 

Our board of directors may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any Ordinary Shares which are not fully paid up or on which we have a lien. Our board of directors may also decline to register any transfer of any Ordinary Shares unless:

 

  The instrument of transfer is lodged with us, accompanied by the certificate for the Ordinary Shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer;

 

  the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of Ordinary Shares;

 

  the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required;

 

  in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the Ordinary Shares are to be transferred does not exceed four; and

 

  a fee of such maximum sum as the Nasdaq may determine to be payable or such lesser sum as our directors may from time to time require is paid to us in respect thereof.

 

If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.

 

The registration of transfers may, after compliance with any notice required in accordance with the rules of the Nasdaq, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our board of directors may from time to time determine; provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year as our board may determine.

 

Pursuant to the terms of issue of the Management Shares, no Management Share shall be sold, transferred, assigned or disposed of, whether directly or indirectly, whether through voting proxy or otherwise by a holder thereof to any person or entity except (i) with the prior approval of the Board; or (ii) if the transferee is ultimately controlled by Mr. Yau (the “Founder”) or another holder of Management Shares, or is an affiliate of a Founder or another holder of Management Shares, in which case no prior approval of the Board is strictly required.

 

Liquidation. On the winding up of our Company, if the assets available for distribution amongst our shareholders shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the share capital at the commencement of the winding up, the surplus shall be distributed amongst our shareholders in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them at the commencement of the winding up, subject to a deduction from those shares in respect of which there are monies due, of all monies payable to our Company for unpaid calls or otherwise. If our assets available for distribution are insufficient to repay all of the paid-up capital, such assets will be distributed so that, as nearly as may be, the losses are borne by our shareholders in proportion to the par value of the shares held by them. If there are any surplus assets upon a winding up or dissolution of the Company, only Ordinary Shares, not Management Shares, are entitled to such surplus assets.

 

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Calls on Shares and Forfeiture of Shares. Our board of directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time and place of payment. The shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture.

 

Redemption, Repurchase and Surrender of Shares. We may issue shares on terms that such shares are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders of these shares, on such terms and in such manner as may be determined by our board of directors. Our Company may also repurchase any of our shares on such terms and in such manner as have been approved by our board of directors. Under the Companies Act, the redemption or repurchase of any share may be paid out of our Company’s profits, share premium or out of the proceeds of a new issue of shares made for the purpose of such redemption or repurchase, or out of capital if our Company can, immediately following such payment, pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. In addition, under the Companies Act no such share may be redeemed or repurchased (a) unless it is fully paid up, (b) if such redemption or repurchase would result in there being no shares outstanding or (c) if the Company has commenced liquidation. In addition, our Company may accept the surrender of any fully paid share for no consideration.

 

Variations of Rights of Shares. Whenever the capital of our company is divided into different classes, the rights attached to any such class may, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any class, only be varied with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of two-thirds of the votes cast at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class or by written resolutions of all holders of the shares of that class (if such variation is recommended by a majority of the Board). The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation, allotment or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with such existing class of shares. No separate general meetings of the holders of a class or series of shares or written resolutions of holders of a class or series of shares may be convened or passed, as the case may be, unless such class meeting is called by the chairman of the Board or a majority of the Board, or such written resolutions of holders of a class or series of share are recommended by the Board.

 

Issuance of Additional Shares. Our Memorandum and Articles of Association authorize our board of directors to issue additional Shares from time to time as our board of directors shall determine, to the extent of available, authorized but unissued shares.

 

Our Memorandum and Articles of Association also authorizes our board of directors to establish from time to time one or more series of preferred or other shares and to determine, with respect to any series of preferred or other shares, the terms and rights of that series, including, among other things:

 

  the designation of the series;

 

  the number of shares of the series;

 

  the dividend rights, conversion rights and voting rights; and

 

  the rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences.

 

Our board of directors may issue preferred or other shares without action by our shareholders to the extent of available authorized but unissued shares. Issuance of these shares may dilute the voting power of holders of Ordinary Shares.

 

Inspection of Books and Records. Holders of our Ordinary Shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate records. However, our Memorandum and Articles of Association have provisions that provide our shareholders the right to inspect our register of shareholders without charge or for a nominal charge, and to receive our annual audited financial statements. See “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

 

Anti-Takeover Provisions. Some provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our Company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including provisions that:

 

  authorize our board of directors to issue preferred or other shares in one or more series and to designate the price, rights, preferences, voting powers, privileges and restrictions of such shares without any further vote or action by our shareholders; and

 

  limit the ability of shareholders to requisition and convene general meetings of shareholders.

 

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However, under Cayman Islands law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our Memorandum and Articles for a proper purpose and for what they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our Company.

 

Exempted Company. We are an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Act. The Companies Act distinguishes between ordinary resident companies and exempted companies. Any company that is registered in the Cayman Islands but conducts business mainly outside of the Cayman Islands may apply to be registered as an exempted company. The requirements for an exempted company are essentially the same as for an ordinary company except that an exempted company:

 

  does not have to file an annual return of its shareholders with the Registrar of Companies;

 

  is not required to open its register of members for inspection;

 

  does not have to hold an annual general meeting;

 

  may issue negotiable or bearer shares or shares with no par value;

 

  may obtain an undertaking against the imposition of any future taxation (such undertakings are usually given for 20 years in the first instance);

 

  may register by way of continuation in another jurisdiction and be deregistered in the Cayman Islands;

 

  may register as an exempted limited duration company; and

 

  may register as a segregated portfolio company.

 

“Limited liability” means that the liability of each shareholder is limited to the amount unpaid by the shareholder on that shareholder’s shares of the company (except in exceptional circumstances, such as involving fraud, the establishment of an agency relationship or an illegal or improper purpose or other circumstances in which a court may be prepared to pierce or lift the corporate veil).

 

Differences in Corporate Law

 

The Companies Act is derived, to a large extent, from the older Companies Acts of England but does not follow recent English statutory enactments and accordingly there are significant differences between the Companies Act and the current Companies Act of England. In addition, the Companies Act differs from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Act applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.

 

Mergers and Similar Arrangements. The Companies Act permits mergers and consolidations between Cayman Islands companies and between Cayman Islands companies and non-Cayman Islands companies. For these purposes, (a) “merger” means the merging of two or more constituent companies and the vesting of their undertaking, property and liabilities in one of such companies as the surviving company, and (b) a “consolidation” means the combination of two or more constituent companies into a consolidated company and the vesting of the undertaking, property and liabilities of such companies to the consolidated company. In order to effect such a merger or consolidation, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must then be authorized by (a) a special resolution of the shareholders of each constituent company, and (b) such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in such constituent company’s articles of association. The plan must be filed with the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands together with a declaration as to the solvency of the consolidated or surviving company, a list of the assets and liabilities of each constituent company and an undertaking that a copy of the certificate of merger or consolidation will be given to the members and creditors of each constituent company and that notification of the merger or consolidation will be published in the Cayman Islands Gazette. Court approval is not required for a merger or consolidation which is effected in compliance with these statutory procedures.

 

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A merger between a Cayman parent company and its Cayman subsidiary or subsidiaries does not require authorization by a resolution of shareholders of that Cayman subsidiary if a copy of the plan of merger is given to every member of that Cayman subsidiary to be merged unless that member agrees otherwise. For this purpose, a company is a “parent” of a subsidiary if it holds issued shares that together represent at least ninety percent (90%) of the votes at a general meeting of the subsidiary.

 

The consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest over a constituent company is required unless this requirement is waived by a court in the Cayman Islands.

 

Save in certain limited circumstances, a shareholder of a Cayman constituent company who dissents from the merger or consolidation is entitled to payment of the fair value of his shares (which, if not agreed between the parties, will be determined by the Cayman Islands court) upon dissenting to the merger or consolidation, provided the dissenting shareholder complies strictly with the procedures set out in the Companies Act. The exercise of dissenter rights will preclude the exercise by the dissenting shareholder of any other rights to which he or she might otherwise be entitled by virtue of holding shares, save for the right to seek relief on the grounds that the merger or consolidation is void or unlawful.

 

Separate from the statutory provisions relating to mergers and consolidations, the Companies Act also contains statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies by way of schemes of arrangement, provided that the arrangement is approved by in the case of a scheme of arrangement with members or class of members, seventy-five percent in value of the members or class of members, as the case may be, with whom the arrangement is to be made and in the case of a scheme of arrangement with creditors, a majority in number of the class of creditors or class of creditors, as the case may be, with whom the arrangement is to be made, and who must in addition represent seventy-five percent in value of the creditors or each such class of creditors, as the case may be, that are present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings, convened for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder has the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not to be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it determines that:

 

  the statutory provisions as to the required majority vote have been met;

 

  the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question and the statutory majority are acting bona fide without coercion of the minority to promote interests adverse to those of the class;

 

  the arrangement is such that may be reasonably approved by an intelligent and honest man of that class acting in respect of his interest; and

 

  the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Act.

 

The Companies Act also contains a statutory power of compulsory acquisition which may facilitate the “squeeze out” of a dissentient minority shareholder upon a tender offer. When a tender offer is made and accepted by holders of 90% of the shares affected within four months, the offeror may, within a two-month period commencing on the expiration of such four-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares to the offeror on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to succeed in the case of an offer which has been so approved unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.

 

If an arrangement and reconstruction by way of scheme of arrangement is thus approved and sanctioned, or if a tender offer is made and accepted, in accordance with the foregoing statutory procedures, a dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, save that objectors to a takeover offer may apply to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for various orders that the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands has a broad discretion to make, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of Delaware corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.

 

The Companies Act also contains statutory provisions which provide that a company may present a petition to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for the appointment of a restructuring officer on the grounds that the company (a) is or is likely to become unable to pay its debts within the meaning of section 93 of the Companies Act; and (b) intends to present a compromise or arrangement to its creditors (or classes thereof) either, pursuant to the Companies Act, the law of a foreign country or by way of a consensual restructuring. The petition may be presented by a company acting by its directors, without a resolution of its members or an express power in its articles of association. On hearing such a petition, the Cayman Islands court may, among other things, make an order appointing a restructuring officer or make any other order as the court thinks fit.

 

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Shareholders’ Suits. In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff, and, as a general rule, a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, the Cayman Islands courts can be expected to follow and apply the common law principles (namely the rule in Foss v. Harbottle and the exceptions thereto) so that a non-controlling shareholder may be permitted to commence a class action against or derivative actions in the name of the company to challenge actions where:

 

  a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires;

 

  the act complained of, although not ultra vires, could only be effected duly if authorized by more than a simple majority vote that has not been obtained; and

 

  those who control the company are perpetrating a “fraud on the minority.”

 

Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability. Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our Memorandum and Articles of Association provide that we shall indemnify our directors and officers, and their personal representatives, against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by such persons, other than by reason of such person’s dishonesty, willful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of our Company’s business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such director or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning our Company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation.

 

In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers that provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our Memorandum and Articles.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

 

Directors’ Fiduciary Duties. Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director acts in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, the director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.

 

As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore it is considered that he owes the following duties to the company — a duty to act in good faith in the best interests of the company, a duty not to make a personal profit based on his position as director (unless the company permits him to do so), a duty not to put himself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his personal interest or his duty to a third party and a duty to exercise powers for the purpose for which such powers were intended. A director of a Cayman Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care, and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands.

 

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Shareholder Action by Written Consent. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. Cayman Islands law permits us to eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent and our Articles provide that any action required or permitted to be taken at any general meetings may be taken upon the vote of shareholders at a general meeting duly noticed and convened in accordance with our Articles or by written consent of the shareholders without a meeting.

 

Shareholder Proposals. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.

 

The Companies Act does not provide shareholders with any right to requisition a general meeting or to put any proposal before a general meeting. Our Memorandum and Articles also do not provide our shareholders with any right to requisite any general meeting nor to put proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings. As an exempted Cayman Islands company, we are not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings.

 

Cumulative Voting. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. There are no prohibitions in relation to cumulative voting under the laws of the Cayman Islands but our Articles do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.

 

Removal of Directors. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our Articles, subject to certain restrictions as contained therein, directors may be removed with or without cause, by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders. An appointment of a director may be on terms that the director shall automatically retire from office (unless he has sooner vacated office) at the next or a subsequent annual general meeting or upon any specified event or after any specified period in a written agreement between the company and the director, if any; but no such term shall be implied in the absence of express provision. Under our Articles, a director’s office shall be vacated if the director (i) becomes bankrupt or has a receiving order made against him or suspends payment or compounds with his creditors; (ii) is found to be or becomes of unsound mind or dies; (iii) resigns his office by notice in writing to the company; (iv) without special leave of absence from our board of directors, is absent from three consecutive meetings of the board and the board resolves that his office be vacated; (v) is prohibited by law from being a director or; (vi) is removed from office pursuant to the laws of the Cayman Islands or any other provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association.

 

Transactions with Interested Shareholders. The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or a group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting share within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors.

 

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Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, it does provide that such transactions must be entered into bona fide in the best interests of the company and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.

 

Dissolution; Winding up. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board.

 

Under Cayman Islands law, a company may be wound up by either an order of the courts of the Cayman Islands or by a special resolution of its members or, if the company is unable to pay its debts, by an ordinary resolution of its members. The court has authority to order winding up in a number of specified circumstances including where it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable to do so.

 

Variation of Rights of Shares. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our Articles, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, the rights attached to any such class may only be varied with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of two-thirds of the votes cast at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class or by written resolutions of all holders of the shares of that class (if such variation is recommended by a majority of the Board). Pursuant to our Articles, no separate general meetings of the holders of a class or series of shares or written resolutions of holders of a class or series of shares may be convened or passed, as the case may be, unless such class meeting is called by the chairman of the Board or a majority of the Board, or such written resolutions of holders of a class or series of share are recommended by the Board.

 

Amendment of Governing Documents. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under Cayman Islands law, our Memorandum and Articles of Association may only be amended with a special resolution of our shareholders.

 

Rights of Non-resident or Foreign Shareholders. There are no limitations imposed by our Memorandum and Articles of Association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our Memorandum and Articles of Association governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

 

Listing

 

The Ordinary Shares are listed on the Nasdaq under the symbol “GVH”. On September 30, 2025, the last reported sale price of our Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq was $4.59 per share.

 

Transfer Agent

 

The transfer agent of our Ordinary Shares is VStock Transfer, LLC, located at 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, New York 11593.

 

History of Share Capital

 

We are a Cayman Islands exempted company incorporated on May 22, 2023. Upon incorporation, we had an authorized share capital of $50,000 divided into 50,000,000 Ordinary Shares of par value of $0.001 each, and 13,125,000 Ordinary Shares were then issued and outstanding.

 

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On November 10, 2023, we closed our IPO of 1,500,000 Ordinary Shares at a price of $4.00 per share. We raised approximately US$3.0 million in net proceeds from the issuance of new Ordinary Shares from the initial public offering after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and expenses.

 

On June 4, 2024 and November 7, 2024, we issued 306,123 and 47,776 Ordinary Shares, respectively, to Square Gate Capital Master Fund, LLC – Series 1, as initial commitment shares and true-up shares pursuant to an equity purchase agreement, dated as of March 15, 2024.

 

On April 28, 2025, we held our extraordinary general meeting of shareholders whereby our shareholders approved, among other things, the increase of our authorized share capital from $50,000 divided into 50,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value each to $2,000,000 divided into 2,000,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value each.

 

On June 26, 2025, we priced a best efforts public offering, which was closed on June 27, 2025, for the sale of (i) 5,645,997 units (the “Ordinary Units”), each consisting of one Ordinary Share, one Series A Warrant and one Series B Warrant, and (ii) 16,093,133 Pre-Funded Units, each consisting of one pre-funded warrant to purchase one Ordinary Share, one Series A Warrant and one Series B Warrant. The public offering price was $0.69 per Ordinary Unit and $0.689 per Pre-Funded Unit. We received an aggregate gross proceeds of $15 million, before deducting placement agent fees and other estimated expenses payable by us. On July 24, 2025, we announced that all Series B Warrants had been fully exercised.

 

On July 2, 2025, our board of directors approved a reverse stock split that would consolidate every two hundred (200) of our issued and unissued shares of $0.001 par value each in the share capital into one (1) share of $0.20 par value each, with an effective date of July 21, 2025. Upon the opening of the market on July 21, 2025, our Ordinary Shares began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market on a post-Reverse Stock Split basis under the current symbol “GVH.” As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, our authorized share capital of $2,000,000 was divided into 10,000,000 Shares of $0.20 par value each.

 

On August 27, 2025, we entered into the Share Subscription Agreement with Mr. Yau, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and allot, and Mr. Yau agreed to subscribe for, 100 Management Shares for the total consideration of US$1,000 (the “Subscription”). Pursuant to the Management Shares Board Resolutions and the power granted to the Board pursuant to the Memorandum and the Articles, the Board exercised its power to designate and authorize 100 shares of $0.20 par value each in the share capital of the Company as Management Shares. The Management Shares shall carry such rights, restrictions, preferences and privileges as set forth in the Management Shares Board Resolutions and as reflected in the Memorandum and the Articles. The Management Shares and the Ordinary Shares generally rank pari passu and shall have the same rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, and unless otherwise provided in the Memorandum and Articles of the Company and/or the terms of issue of the Management Shares, shall at all times vote as one class on all resolutions submitted to a vote by the members (whether at a general meeting or otherwise in writing), provided, however, that (i) such Management Shares shall be entitled to 1,000,000 votes for each Management Share at a meeting of the members or on any resolution of members of the Company (whether in writing or otherwise), and (ii) the Management Shares do not carry any dividend or distribution rights. The Subscription was closed on August 27, 2025.

 

On September 12, 2025, the EGM was held at which resolutions were passed by the shareholders of the Company to, among other things, (i) increase our authorized share capital from $2,000,000 divided into 10,000,000 shares of $0.20 par value each to $100,000,000 divided into 500,000,000 shares of $0.20 par value each and (ii) adopt the Memorandum and Articles with immediate effect.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED SHARES

 

General

 

We may issue preferred shares, which are issuable in series, none of which are issued and outstanding as of the date hereof. Each series of preferred shares shall consist of such number of shares and have such designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions as may be determined by our board of directors prior to the issuance thereof.

 

Term

 

The particular terms of each issue or series of preferred shares will be described in the related prospectus supplement. This description will include, where applicable, a description of:

 

  the title and nominal value of the preferred shares;
     
  the number of preferred shares we are offering;
     
  the liquidation preference per preferred share, if any;
     
  the issue price per preferred share (or if applicable, the calculation formula of the issue price per preferred share);
     
  whether preferential subscription rights will be issued to existing shareholders;
     
  the dividend rate per preferred share, dividend period and payment dates and method of calculation for dividends;
     
  whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;
     
  our right, if any, to defer payment of dividends and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
     
  the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred shares as to dividend rights (preferred dividend if any) and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up the Company;
     
  the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;
     
  the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;
     
  any listing of the preferred shares on any securities exchange or market;
     
  whether the preferred shares will be convertible into our ordinary shares or preferred shares of another category, and, if applicable, conditions of an automatic conversion into ordinary shares, if any, the conversion period, the conversion price, or how such price will be calculated, and under what circumstances it may be adjusted;
     
  voting rights, if any, of the preferred shares;
     
  preemption rights, if any;
     
  other restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment, if any;
     
  a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal and income tax considerations applicable to the preferred shares;
     
  any limitations on issuances of any class or series of preferred shares ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred shares being issued as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;
     
  any rights attached to the preferred shares regarding the corporate governance of our company, which may include, for example, representation rights to the board of directors; and
     
  any other specific terms, rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications or restrictions of the preferred shares.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

 

General

 

As used in this prospectus, the term “debt securities” means the debentures, notes, bonds, and other evidences of indebtedness that we may issue from time to time. The debt securities will either be senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities. Debt securities may be issued under an indenture between us and a trustee to be named therein. We will file the forms of indentures as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We may issue debt securities which may or may not be converted into our Ordinary Shares or Management Shares. It is likely that convertible debt securities will not be issued under an indenture. We may issue the debt securities independently or together with any underlying securities, and debt securities may be attached or separate from the underlying securities.

 

The following description is a summary of selected provisions relating to the debt securities that we may issue. The summary is not complete. When debt securities are offered in the future, a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference, or a free writing prospectus, as applicable, will explain the particular terms of those securities and the extent to which these general provisions may apply. The specific terms of the debt securities as described in a prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference, or free writing prospectus will supplement and, if applicable, may modify or replace the general terms described in this section.

 

This summary and any description of debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference, or free writing prospectus is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to all the provisions of any specific debt securities document or agreement. We will file each of these documents, as applicable, with the SEC and incorporate them by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part on or before the time we issue a series of debt securities. See “Where You Can Find Additional Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” below for information on how to obtain a copy of a debt securities document when it is filed.

 

When we refer to a series of debt securities, we mean all debt securities issued as part of the same series under the applicable indenture.

 

Term

 

The applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference, or free writing prospectus, may describe the terms of any debt securities that we may offer, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

  the title of the debt securities;
     
  the total amount of the debt securities;
     
  the amount or amounts of the debt securities will be issued and interest rate;
     
  the conversion price at which the debt securities may be converted;
     
  the date on which the right to convert the debt securities will commence and the date on which the right will expire;
     
  if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of debt securities that may be converted at any one time;
     
  if applicable, a discussion of material federal income tax consideration;
     
  if applicable, the terms of the payoff of the debt securities;
     
  the identity of the indenture agent, if any;
     
  the procedures and conditions relating to the conversion of the debt securities; and
     
  any other terms of the debt securities, including terms, procedure and limitation relating to the exchange or conversion of the debt securities.

 

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Form, Exchange, and Transfer

 

We may issue the debt securities in registered form. Debt securities issued in registered form, i.e., book-entry form, will be represented by a global security registered in the name of a depository, which will be the holder of all the debt securities represented by the global security. Those investors who own beneficial interests in global debt securities will do so through participants in the depository’s system, and the rights of these indirect owners will be governed solely by the applicable procedures of the depository and its participants.

 

Prior to the conversion of their debt securities, holders of debt securities convertible for Ordinary Shares will not have any rights of holders of Ordinary Shares, and will not be entitled to dividend payments, if any, or voting rights of the Ordinary Shares.

 

Conversion of Debt Securities

 

A debt security may entitle the holder to purchase, in exchange for the extinguishment of debt, an amount of securities at a conversion price that will be stated in the debt security. Debt securities may be converted at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the terms of such debt security. After the close of business on the expiration date, debt securities not exercised will be paid in accordance with their terms.

 

Debt securities may be converted as set forth in the applicable offering material. Upon receipt of a notice of conversion properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the indenture agent, if any, or to us, we will forward, as soon as practicable, the securities purchasable upon such conversion. If less than all of the debt security represented by such security is converted, a new debt security may be issued for the remaining debt security.

 

This summary and any description of debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference, or free writing prospectus is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to all the provisions of any specific debt securities document or agreement. We will file each of these documents, as applicable, with the SEC and incorporate them by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part on or before the time we issue a series of debt securities. See “Where You Can Find Additional Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” below for information on how to obtain a copy of a debt securities document when it is filed.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

 

We may issue warrants to purchase debt securities, preferred shares, Ordinary Shares or Management Shares. We may offer warrants separately or together with one or more additional warrants, debt securities, preferred shares, Ordinary Shares, Management Shares, or any combination of those securities in the form of units, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we issue warrants as part of a unit, the applicable prospectus supplement will specify whether those warrants may be separated from the other securities in the unit prior to the expiration date of the warrants. The applicable prospectus supplement will also describe the following terms of any warrants:

 

  the specific designation and aggregate number of, and the offering price at which we will issue, the warrants;
     
  the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable;
     
  the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will begin and the date on which that right will expire or, if you may not continuously exercise the warrants throughout that period, the specific date or dates on which you may exercise the warrants;
     
  whether the warrants are to be sold separately or with other securities as parts of units;
     
  whether the warrants will be issued in definitive or global form or in any combination of these forms, although, in any case, the form of a warrant included in a unit will correspond to the form of the unit and of any security included in that unit;
     
  any applicable material U.S. federal income tax consequences;
     
  the identity of the warrant agent for the warrants and of any other depositaries, execution or paying agents, transfer agents, registrars or other agents;
     
  the proposed listing, if any, of the warrants or any securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants on any securities exchange;
     
  the designation and terms of any equity securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;
     
  the designation, aggregate principal amount, currency and terms of any debt securities that may be purchased upon exercise of the warrants;
     
  if applicable, the designation and terms of the debt securities, preferred shares Ordinary Shares or Management Shares with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each security;
     
  if applicable, the date from and after which any warrants issued as part of a unit and the related debt securities, preferred shares, Ordinary Shares or Management Shares will be separately transferable;
     
  the number of shares of preferred shares, the number of Ordinary Shares or the number of Management Shares purchasable upon exercise of a warrant and the price at which those shares may be purchased;
     
  if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one time;
     
  information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
     
  the anti-dilution provisions, and other provisions for changes to or adjustment in the exercise price, of the warrants, if any;
     
  any redemption or call provisions; and
     
  any additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange or exercise of the warrants.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS

 

We may issue subscription rights to purchase our Ordinary Shares, Management Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants or units consisting of some or all of these securities. These subscription rights may be offered independently or together with any other security offered hereby and may or may not be transferable by the stockholder receiving the subscription rights in such offering. In connection with any offering of subscription rights, we may enter into a standby arrangement with one or more underwriters or other purchasers pursuant to which the underwriters or other purchasers may be required to purchase any securities remaining unsubscribed for after such offering.

 

The prospectus supplement relating to any subscription rights we offer, if any, will, to the extent applicable, include specific terms relating to the offering, including some or all of the following:

 

  the price, if any, for the subscription rights;
     
  the exercise price payable for our Ordinary Shares, Management Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants or units consisting of some or all of these securities upon the exercise of the subscription rights;
     
  the number of subscription rights to be issued to each securityholder;
     
  the number and terms of our Ordinary Shares, Management Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants or units consisting of some or all of these securities which may be purchased per each subscription right;
     
  the extent to which the subscription rights are transferable;
     
  any other terms of the subscription rights, including the terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the subscription rights;
     
  the date on which the right to exercise the subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which the subscription rights shall expire;
     
  the extent to which the subscription rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities or an over-allotment privilege to the extent the securities are fully subscribed; and
     
  if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement which may be entered into by us in connection with the offering of subscription rights.

 

The descriptions of the subscription rights in this prospectus and in any prospectus supplement are summaries of the material provisions of the applicable subscription right agreements. These descriptions do not restate those subscription right agreements in their entirety and may not contain all the information that you may find useful. We urge you to read the applicable subscription right agreements because they, and not the summaries, define your rights as holders of the subscription rights. For more information, please review the forms of the relevant subscription right agreements, which will be filed with the SEC promptly after the offering of subscription rights and will be available as described in the section of this prospectus titled “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

 

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DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE CONTRACTS

 

The following description summarizes the general features of the purchase contracts that we may offer under this prospectus. Although the features we have summarized below will generally apply to any future purchase contracts we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any purchase contracts that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The specific terms of any purchase contracts may differ from the description provided below as a result of negotiations with third parties in connection with the issuance of those purchase contracts, as well as for other reasons. Because the terms of any purchase contracts we offer under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms we describe below, you should rely solely on information in the applicable prospectus supplement if that summary is different from the summary in this prospectus.

 

We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part the form of any purchase contract that we may offer under this prospectus before the sale of the related purchase contract. We urge you to read any applicable prospectus supplement related to specific purchase contracts being offered, as well as the complete instruments that contain the terms of the securities that are subject to those purchase contracts. Certain of those instruments, or forms of those instruments, will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplements to those instruments or forms may be incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part from reports we file with the SEC.

 

We may issue purchase contracts, including contracts obligating holders to purchase from us, and for us to sell to holders, a specific or variable number of our securities at a future date or dates. Alternatively, the purchase contracts may obligate us to purchase from holders, and obligate holders to sell to us, a specific or varying number of our securities.

 

If we offer any purchase contracts, certain terms of that series of purchase contracts will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, including, without limitation, the following:

 

  the price of the securities or other property subject to the purchase contracts (which may be determined by reference to a specific formula described in the purchase contracts);
     
  whether the purchase contracts are issued separately, or as a part of units each consisting of a purchase contract and one or more of our other securities, including U.S. Treasury securities, securing the holder’s obligations under the purchase contract;
     
  any requirement for us to make periodic payments to holders or vice versa, and whether the payments are unsecured or pre-funded;
     
  any provisions relating to any security provided for the purchase contracts;
     
  whether the purchase contracts obligate the holder or us to purchase or sell, or both purchase and sell, the securities subject to purchase under the purchase contract, and the nature and amount of each of those securities, or the method of determining those amounts;
     
  whether the purchase contracts are to be prepaid or not;
     
  whether the purchase contracts are to be settled by delivery, or by reference or linkage to the value, performance or level of the securities subject to purchase under the purchase contract;
     
  any acceleration, cancellation, termination or other provisions relating to the settlement of the purchase contracts;
     
  a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the purchase contracts;
     
  whether the purchase contracts will be issued in fully registered or global form; and
     
  any other terms of the purchase contracts and any securities subject to such purchase contracts.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

 

We may issue units comprising two or more securities described in this prospectus in any combination.

 

Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit also is the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. Units may be issued pursuant to the terms of a unit agreement, which may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately at any time or at any time before a specified date. A copy of the forms of the unit agreement and, if applicable, the unit certificate relating to any particular issue of units will be filed with the SEC each time we issue units pursuant to a unit agreement, and you should read those documents for provisions that may be important to you. For more information on how you can obtain copies of the forms of the unit agreement and the related unit certificate, see the section of this prospectus titled “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

 

The prospectus supplement relating to any particular issuance of units will describe the terms of those units, including, to the extent applicable, the following:

 

  the designation and terms of the units and the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;
     
  any provision for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and
     
  whether the units will be issued in fully registered or global form.

 

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MATERIAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

The following is a discussion on certain Cayman Islands Hong Kong and Australian income tax consequences of an investment in the Ordinary Shares. The discussion is a general summary of present law, which is subject to prospective and retroactive change. It is not intended as tax advice, does not consider any investor’s particular circumstances, and does not consider tax consequences other than those arising under Cayman Islands, Hong Kong and Australian laws.

 

Cayman Islands Taxation

 

The Cayman Islands currently levy no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciations, and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to our Company levied by the Government of the Cayman Islands save for certain stamp duties which may be applicable, from time to time, on certain instruments. No stamp duty is payable in the Cayman Islands on transfers of shares of Cayman Islands companies save for those which hold interests in land in the Cayman Islands. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in effect in the Cayman Islands.

 

We have received an undertaking from the Governor in Cabinet of the Cayman Islands to the effect that, for a period of 20 years from the date of the undertaking, no law that thereafter is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax or duty to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations shall apply to our Company or its operations; and that no tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations or which is in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall be payable (a) on or in respect of the shares, debentures or other obligations of our Company; or (b) by way of the withholding in whole or in part of any relevant payment as defined in the Tax Concessions Act of the Cayman Islands.

 

Hong Kong Profits Taxation

 

No tax is imposed in Hong Kong in respect of capital gains from the sale of property, such as our Ordinary Shares. Generally, gains arising from disposal of the Ordinary Shares which are held more than two years are considered capital in nature. However, trading gains from the sale of property by persons carrying on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong where such gains are derived from or arise in Hong Kong from such trade, profession or business will be chargeable to Hong Kong profit tax. Liability for Hong Kong profits tax would therefore arise in respect of trading gains from the sale of Ordinary Shares realized by persons in the course of carrying on a business of trading or dealing in securities in Hong Kong where the purchase or sale contracts are effected (being negotiated, concluded and/or executed) in Hong Kong. Effective from April 1, 2018, profits tax is levied on a two-tiered profits tax rate basis, with the first HK$2 million of profits being taxed at 8.25% for corporations and 7.5% for unincorporated businesses, and profits exceeding the first HK$2 million being taxed at 16.5% for corporations and 15% for unincorporated businesses.

 

In addition, Hong Kong does not impose withholding tax on gains derived from the sale of stock in Hong Kong companies and does not impose withholding tax on dividends paid outside of Hong Kong by Hong Kong companies. Accordingly, investors will not be subject to Hong Kong withholding tax with respect to a disposition of their Ordinary Shares or with respect to the receipt of dividends on their Ordinary Shares, if any. No income tax treaty relevant to the acquiring, withholding or dealing in the Ordinary Shares exists between Hong Kong and the United States.

 

Material Australian Tax Considerations

 

The following discussions provide a general summary of the material Australian income tax, stamp duty, and goods and services tax considerations generally applicable to the acquisition, ownership, and disposal by the absolute beneficial owners of the Ordinary Shares issued by us.

 

This discussion is based upon existing Australian tax law as of the date of this prospectus, which is subject to change, possibly retrospectively. This discussion does not address all aspects of Australian tax law, which may be important to particular investors in light of their investment circumstances, such as shares held by investors subject to special tax rules (for example, financial institutions, insurance companies, or tax-exempt organizations).

 

It does not purport to address all possible tax situations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase, own, or deposit our Ordinary Shares. It is included herein solely for preliminary information purposes and is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice. We, our officers, employees, taxation or other advisers do not accept any liability or responsibility in respect of any statement concerning taxation consequences or the taxation consequences.

 

Prospective purchasers of our Ordinary Shares should consult their tax advisers on the applicable tax consequences related to the ownership of our Ordinary Shares, based on their particular circumstances.

 

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The comments in this section deal only with the Australian taxation implications of the ownership and disposition of our Ordinary shares if you hold our Ordinary shares as investments on a capital account. In addition, this summary does not discuss any non-Australian or state tax considerations, other than stamp duty and goods and services tax.

 

For this summary, a holder of our Ordinary Shares that is not an Australian tax resident and is not carrying on business in Australia at or through a permanent establishment is referred to as a “Non-Australian Holder”.

 

Conversely, for the purposes of this summary, a holder that is an Australian tax resident or is carrying on business in Australia at or through a permanent establishment is referred to as an “Australian Resident Holder”.

 

Please be aware that the residence concept used in this section applies for Australian tax assessment purposes only. Any reference in this section to a tax, duty, levy impost, or other charge or withholding of a similar nature refers to Australia’s tax laws and/or concepts only. Also, please note that a reference to Australian income tax encompasses corporate income tax and personal income tax generally.

 

Taxation of the Company

 

As the Company is a fully taxable Australian company, its taxable income is subject to corporate income tax in Australia. All Australian companies are subject to a corporate income tax rate of 30%, other than those classified as a “base rate company”, which are businesses with revenue of less than A$50 million (US$78 million) that are subject to a reduced corporate income tax rate of 25% for the 2021/2022 income year and up to the date of this prospectus. The Company is not considered an Australian company for the years ended September 30, 2022, 2023 and 2024.

 

Taxation of Australian Resident Holders

 

Taxation of Dividends

 

Dividends paid by us on our Ordinary Shares should constitute the assessable income of an Australian Resident Holder. Australia operates a dividend imputation system under which dividends may be declared to be “franked” to the extent they are paid out of company profits that have been subject to income tax.

 

Individuals and complying superannuation entities

 

Australian Resident Holders who are individuals or complying superannuation entities should include the dividend in their assessable income in the year the dividend is paid, together with any franking credit attached to that dividend.

 

Subject to the comments concerning ‘Qualified Persons’ below, such Australian Resident Holders should be entitled to a tax offset equal to the franking credit attached to the dividend. The tax offset can be applied to reduce the tax payable on the investor’s taxable income. Where the tax offset exceeds the tax payable on the investor’s taxable income, the investor should be entitled to a tax refund equal to the excess.

 

To the extent that the dividend is unfranked, an Australian individual Shareholder will generally be taxed at their prevailing marginal rate on the dividend received (with no tax offset). Complying Australian superannuation entities will generally be taxed at the prevailing rate for complying superannuation entities on the dividend received (with no tax offset).

 

Companies

 

Australian Resident Holders that are companies are also required to include both the dividend and the associated franking credits (if any) in their assessable income.

 

Subject to the comments in relation to ‘Qualified Persons’ below, such companies should be entitled to a tax offset up to the amount of the franking credit attached to the dividend. Likewise, the company should be entitled to a credit in its own franking account to the extent of the franking credits attached to the distribution received. This will allow the Australian Resident Holders that are companies to pass on the franking credits to its investor(s) on the subsequent payment of franked dividends.

 

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Excess franking credits received by the company shareholder will not give rise to a refund entitlement for a company but may be converted into carry forward tax losses instead. This is subject to specific rules on how the carry forward tax loss is calculated and utilized in future years. For completeness, this tax loss cannot be carried back under the loss carry back tax offset rules introduced in the 2020-21 Federal Budget.

 

Trusts and partnerships

 

Australian Resident Holders who are trustees (other than trustees of complying superannuation entities, which are dealt with above) or partnerships are also required to include any dividends and any franking credits in calculating the net income of the trust or partnership. Where a fully franked or partially franked dividend is received, the relevant beneficiary or partner may be entitled to a tax offset equal to the beneficiary’s or partner’s share of the net income of the trust or partnership.

 

To the extent that the dividend is unfranked, an Australian trustee (other than trustees of complying superannuation entities) or partnerships, will be required to include the unfranked dividend in the net income of the trust or partnership. The relevant beneficiary will be taxed at the relevant prevailing tax rate on their share of the net income of the trust or partnership (with no tax offset).

 

Qualified Persons

 

The benefit of franking credits can be denied where an Australian Resident Holder is not a ‘qualified person’ in which case the Holder will not be able to include an amount for the franking credits in their assessable income and will not be entitled to a tax offset.

 

Broadly, to be a qualified person, a shareholder must satisfy the holding period rule and, if necessary, the related payment rule. The holding period rule requires a shareholder to hold the shares ‘at risk’ for at least 45 days continuously during the qualification period — starting from the day after acquiring the shares and ending 45 days after the shares become ex-dividend — in order to qualify for franking benefits.

 

This holding period rule is subject to certain exceptions, including where the total franking offsets of an individual in a year of income do not exceed A$5,000.

 

Whether you are qualified person is a complex tax issue which requires analysis based on each shareholder’s individual circumstances. Iris Energy ordinary shareholders should obtain their own tax advice to determine if these requirements have been satisfied.

 

Capital Gains Tax (“CGT”) Implications

 

Disposal of shares

 

For Australian Resident Holders, who hold their Ordinary Shares on capital account, the future disposal of Ordinary Shares will give rise to a CGT event at the time which the legal and beneficial ownership of the Ordinary Shares are disposed of. Australian Resident Holders will derive a capital gain on the disposal of their Ordinary Shares in Iris Energy to the extent that the capital proceeds exceed the cost base of their Ordinary Shares.

 

A capital loss will be made where the capital proceeds are less than the cost base of their Ordinary Shares. Where a capital loss is made, capital losses can only be offset against capital gains derived in the same or later incomes years. They cannot be offset against ordinary income nor carried back to offset net capital gains arising in earlier income years. Capital losses may be carried forward to future income years subject to the satisfaction of the Australian loss testing provisions.

 

Capital Proceeds

 

The capital proceeds should generally be equal to any consideration received by the Australian Resident Holder with respect to the disposal of our Ordinary Shares.

 

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Cost base of an Ordinary Share

 

The cost base of an Ordinary Share will generally be equal to the cost of acquiring the Ordinary Share, plus any incidental costs of acquisition and disposal (i.e., brokerage costs and legal fees).

 

CGT Discount

 

The CGT discount may apply to Australian Resident Holders that are individuals complying Australian superannuation funds or trusts, who have held, or are taken to have held, their Ordinary Shares for at least 12 months (not including the date of acquisition or date of disposal) at the time of the disposal of their Ordinary Shares.

 

The CGT discount is:

 

  One-half if the Australian Resident Holder is an individual or trustee: meaning only 50% of the capital gain will be included in the Australian Resident Holder’s assessable income; and

 

  One-third if the Australian Resident Holder is a trustee of a complying superannuation entity: meaning only two-thirds of the capital gain will be included in the Australian Resident Holder’s assessable income.

 

The CGT discount is not available to Australian Resident Holders that are companies.

 

If an Australian Resident Holder makes a discounted capital gain, any current year and/or carried-forward capital losses will be applied to reduce the undiscounted capital gain before the relevant CGT discount is applied. The resulting amount forms the Australian Resident Holder’s net capital gain for the income year and is included in its assessable income.

 

The CGT discount rules relating to trusts are complex. Subject to certain requirements being satisfied, the capital gain may flow through to the beneficiaries in that trust, who will assess the eligibility for the CGT discount in their own right. Accordingly, we recommend trustees seek their own independent advice on how the CGT discount applies to the trust and its beneficiaries.

 

Taxation of Non-Australian Holders

 

Taxation of Dividends

 

Non-Australian Holders who do not have a permanent establishment in Australia should not be subject to Australian income tax. As the Company is not regarded as an Australian company for taxation purposes, Non-Australian Holders should not be subject to Australian dividend withholding tax on their Ordinary Shares dividends.

 

Capital Gains Tax (“CGT”) Implications

 

Disposal of shares

 

As we are not considered an Australian company, Non-Australian Holders who are treated as the owners of the underlying shares on the basis that they are absolutely entitled to those Ordinary Shares will not be subject to Australian capital gains tax on the gain made on a sale or other disposal of Ordinary Shares.

 

Dual Residency

 

If a holder of Ordinary Shares is a resident of both Australia and the United States under those countries’ domestic taxation laws, that holder may be subject to tax as an Australian resident. If, however, the holder is determined to be a U.S. resident for the purposes of the Double Taxation Convention between the United States and Australia, the Australian tax would be subject to limitation by the Double Taxation Convention. Holders should obtain specialist taxation advice in these circumstances.

 

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General Australian Tax Matters

 

The below comments apply to both Australian Resident Holders and Non-Australian Holders.

 

Stamp Duty

 

No Australian stamp duty is payable on the issue, transfer and/or surrender of the Ordinary Shares, provided that the securities issued, transferred and/or surrendered do not represent 90% or more of our issued shares.

 

Goods and Services Tax

 

No Australian GST will be payable on the supply of the Ordinary Shares.

 

Subject to certain requirements, there may be a restriction on the entitlement of holders of our Ordinary Share to claim an input tax credit for any GST incurred on costs associated with the acquisition or disposal of our Ordinary Shares (e.g. lawyer’s and accountants’ fees).

 

New Zealand Profits Taxation

 

We believe that the Company, or Globavend HK, should not be treated as tax resident in New Zealand for New Zealand income tax purposes because each of them is not incorporated in New Zealand, does not have its head office or center of management in New Zealand and its board of directors does not exercise control of the company in New Zealand. However, there can be no assurance that the New Zealand taxation authorities will ultimately take a view that is consistent with us.

 

Provided that the Company is not tax resident in New Zealand for New Zealand income tax purposes:

 

  it will be subject to New Zealand income tax on income it derives or is deemed to derive which has a New Zealand source (such as income derived from or attributable to a permanent establishment that Globavend HK has or is deemed to have in New Zealand, and dividends it receives from a New Zealand tax resident company);

 

  holders of our Ordinary Shares who are not New Zealand tax residents should not be subject to New Zealand income tax on distributions by Globavend HK or gains realized from the sale or other disposition of our Ordinary Shares; and

 

  holders of our Ordinary Shares who are New Zealand tax residents will be subject to New Zealand income tax on income which they derive or are deemed to derive from the holding and disposition of our Ordinary Shares at the rate applicable to that holder (currently of up to 33%). It is possible that the rate of New Zealand income tax in such situations may be reduced or eliminated by the operation of an applicable double tax agreement between New Zealand and another jurisdiction in which the holder is tax resident. It is also possible that the amount of tax payable in New Zealand may be reduced or offset by a tax credit available for non-New Zealand taxes paid by or on behalf of the holder.

 

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations for U.S. Holders

 

The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to the ownership and disposition of our Ordinary Shares by U.S. Holders (as defined below). This discussion applies to U.S. Holders that purchase our Ordinary Shares pursuant to an offering under this registration statement and hold such Ordinary Shares as capital assets. This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, all as in effect on the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. This discussion does not address all of the U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to specific U.S. Holders in light of their particular circumstances or to U.S. Holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax law (such as certain financial institutions; insurance companies; dealers or traders in securities or other persons that generally mark their securities to market for U.S. federal income tax purposes; tax-exempt entities or governmental organizations; retirement plans; regulated investment companies; real estate investment trusts; grantor trusts; brokers, dealers, or traders in securities, commodities, currencies, or notional principal contracts; certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States; persons who hold our Ordinary Shares as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion transaction,” “synthetic security,” or integrated investment; persons that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar; persons that own directly, indirectly, or through attribution 10% or more of the voting power of our Ordinary Shares; corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax; partnerships and other pass-through entities; and investors in such pass-through entities). This discussion does not address any U.S. state or local or non-U.S. tax consequences or any U.S. federal estate, gift, or alternative minimum tax consequences.

 

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As used in this discussion, the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of our Ordinary Shares who is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; (iii) an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust (x) with respect to which a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons has the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or (y) that has elected under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our Ordinary Shares, the U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to an investment in such Ordinary Shares will depend in part upon the status and activities of such entity and the particular partner. Any such entity should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to it and its partners of the purchase, ownership, and disposition of our Ordinary Shares.

 

Persons considering an investment in our Ordinary Shares should consult their own tax advisors as to the particular tax consequences applicable to them relating to the purchase, ownership, and disposition of our Ordinary Shares, including the applicability of U.S. federal, state, and local tax laws and non-U.S. tax laws.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Company (“PFIC”) Consequences

 

In general, a corporation organized outside the United States will be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year in which either (i) at least 75% of its gross income is “passive income” (the “PFIC income test”), or (ii) on average at least 50% of its assets, determined on a quarterly basis, are assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income (the “PFIC asset test”). Passive income for this purpose generally includes, among other things, dividends, interest, royalties, rents, and gains from the sale or exchange of property that gives rise to passive income. Assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income generally include cash (even if held as working capital or raised in a public offering), marketable securities, and other assets that may produce passive income. Generally, in determining whether a non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC, a proportionate share of the income and assets of each corporation in which it owns, directly or indirectly, at least a 25% interest (by value) is taken into account.

 

Although PFIC status is determined on an annual basis and generally cannot be determined until the end of a taxable year, based on the nature of our current and expected income and the current and expected value and composition of our assets, we do not presently expect to be a PFIC for our current taxable year or the foreseeable future. However, there can be no assurance given in this regard because the determination of whether we are or will become a PFIC is a fact-intensive inquiry made on an annual basis that depends, in part, upon the composition of our income and assets. In addition, there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with our conclusion or that the IRS would not successfully challenge our position.

 

If we are a PFIC in any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder owns our Ordinary Shares, the U.S. Holder could be liable for additional taxes and interest charges under the “PFIC excess distribution regime” upon (i) a distribution paid during a taxable year that is greater than 125% of the average annual distributions paid in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the U.S. Holder’s holding period for our Ordinary Shares; and (ii) any gain recognized on a sale, exchange, or other disposition, including a pledge, of our Ordinary Shares, whether or not we continue to be a PFIC. Under the PFIC excess distribution regime, the tax on such distribution or gain would be determined by allocating the distribution or gain ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period for our Ordinary Shares. The amount allocated to the current taxable year (i.e., the year in which the distribution occurs or the gain is recognized) and any year prior to the first taxable year in which we are a PFIC will be taxed as ordinary income earned in the current taxable year. The amount allocated to other taxable years will be taxed at the highest marginal rates in effect for individuals or corporations, as applicable, to ordinary income for each such taxable year, and an interest charge, generally applicable to underpayments of tax, will be added to the tax.

 

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If we are a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. Holder holds our Ordinary Shares, we must generally continue to be treated as a PFIC by that holder for all succeeding years during which the U.S. Holder holds such Ordinary Shares, unless we cease to meet the requirements for PFIC status and the U.S. Holder makes a “deemed sale” election with respect to our Ordinary Shares. If the election is made, the U.S. Holder will be deemed to sell our Ordinary Shares it holds at their fair market value on the last day of the last taxable year in which we qualified as a PFIC, and any gain recognized from such deemed sale would be taxed under the PFIC excess distribution regime. After the deemed sale election, the U.S. Holder’s Ordinary Shares would not be treated as shares of a PFIC unless we subsequently become a PFIC.

 

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our Ordinary Shares and one of our non-U.S. subsidiaries is also a PFIC (i.e., a lower-tier PFIC), such U.S. Holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC and would be taxed under the PFIC excess distribution regime on distributions by the lower-tier PFIC and on gain from the disposition of shares of the lower-tier PFIC even though such U.S. Holder would not receive the proceeds of those distributions or dispositions. Any of our non-U.S. subsidiaries that have elected to be disregarded as entities separate from us or as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes would not be corporations under U.S. federal income tax law and, accordingly, cannot be classified as lower-tier PFICs. However, non-U.S. subsidiaries that have not made the election may be classified as a lower-tier PFIC if we are a PFIC during your holding period and the subsidiary meets the PFIC income test or PFIC asset test. Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult its tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to any of our non-U.S. subsidiaries.

 

If we are a PFIC, a U.S. Holder will not be subject to tax under the PFIC excess distribution regime on distributions or gains recognized on our Ordinary Shares if a valid “mark-to-market” election is made by the U.S. Holder for our Ordinary Shares. An electing U.S. Holder generally would take into account, as ordinary income each year, the excess of the fair market value of our Ordinary Shares held at the end of such taxable year over the adjusted tax basis of such Ordinary Shares. The U.S. Holder would also take into account, as an ordinary loss each year, the excess of the adjusted tax basis of such Ordinary Shares over their fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the excess of amounts previously included in income over ordinary losses deducted as a result of the mark-to-market election. The U.S. Holder’s tax basis in our Ordinary Shares would be adjusted to reflect any income or loss recognized as a result of the mark-to-market election. Any gain from a sale, exchange, or other disposition of our Ordinary Shares in any taxable year in which we are a PFIC would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss from such sale, exchange, or other disposition would be treated first as ordinary loss (to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains previously included in income) and thereafter as capital loss. If, after having been a PFIC for a taxable year, we cease to be classified as a PFIC because we no longer meet the PFIC income test or PFIC asset test, the U.S. Holder would not be required to take into account any latent gain or loss in the manner described above, and any gain or loss recognized on the sale or exchange of the Ordinary Shares would be classified as a capital gain or loss.

 

A mark-to-market election is available to a U.S. Holder only for “marketable stock.” Generally, stock will be considered marketable stock if it is “regularly traded” on a “qualified exchange” within the meaning of applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. A class of stock is regularly traded during any calendar year during which such class of stock is traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter.

 

Our Ordinary Shares will be marketable stock as long as they remain listed on Nasdaq and are regularly traded. A mark-to-market election will not apply to the Ordinary Shares for any taxable year during which we are not a PFIC, but it will remain in effect with respect to any subsequent taxable year in which we become a PFIC. Such election will not apply to any of our non-U.S. subsidiaries. Accordingly, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to tax under the PFIC excess distribution regime with respect to any lower-tier PFICs notwithstanding the U.S. Holder’s mark-to-market election for the Ordinary Shares.

 

Our Company and all distributions, interest, and other amounts paid by us with respect to our shares to persons who are not resident in the Cayman Islands are exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Ordinance in the Cayman Islands. No estate, inheritance, succession, or gift tax, rate, duty, levy, or other charge is payable by persons who are not resident in the Cayman Islands with respect to any of our shares, debt obligations, or other securities. All instruments relating to transactions with respect to our shares, debt obligations, or other securities and all instruments relating to other transactions relating to our business are exempt from payment of stamp duty in the Cayman Islands, except for those which hold interests in land in the Cayman Islands. There are currently no withholding taxes or exchange control regulations in the Cayman Islands applicable to us or our shareholders.

 

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The tax consequences that would apply if we are a PFIC would also be different from those described above if a U.S. Holder were able to make a valid qualified electing fund (“QEF”) election. As we do not expect to provide U.S. Holders with the information necessary for a U.S. Holder to make a QEF election, prospective investors should assume that a QEF election will not be available.

 

The U.S. federal income tax rules relating to PFICs are very complex. Prospective U.S. investors are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the impact of PFIC status on the purchase, ownership, and disposition of our Ordinary Shares, the consequences to them of an investment in a PFIC, any elections available with respect to the Ordinary Shares, and the IRS information reporting obligations with respect to the purchase, ownership, and disposition of Ordinary Shares of a PFIC.

 

Distributions

 

Subject to the discussion above under “PFIC Consequences,” a U.S. Holder that receives a distribution with respect to our Ordinary Shares generally will be required to include the gross amount of such distribution in gross income as a dividend when actually or constructively received to the extent of the U.S. Holder’s pro rata share of our current and/or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). To the extent a distribution received by a U.S. Holder is not a dividend because it exceeds the U.S. Holder’s pro rata share of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, it will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital and reduce (but not below zero) the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. Holder’s Ordinary Shares. To the extent the distribution exceeds the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. Holder’s Ordinary Shares, the remainder will be taxed as capital gain. Because we may not account for our earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles, U.S. Holders should expect all distributions to be reported to them as dividends.

 

Distributions on our Ordinary Shares that are treated as dividends generally will constitute income from sources outside the United States for foreign tax credit purposes and generally will constitute passive category income. Such dividends will not be eligible for the “dividends received” deduction generally allowed to corporate shareholders with respect to dividends received from U.S. corporations. Dividends paid by a “qualified foreign corporation” to certain non-corporate U.S. Holders may be eligible for taxation at a reduced capital gains rate rather than the marginal tax rates generally applicable to ordinary income, provided that a holding period requirement (more than 60 days of ownership, without protection from the risk of loss, during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date) and certain other requirements are met. Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult its tax advisors regarding the availability of the reduced tax rate on dividends to its particular circumstances. However, if we are a PFIC for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year (see discussion above under “PFIC Consequences”), we will not be treated as a qualified foreign corporation, and therefore, the reduced capital gains tax rate described above will not apply.

 

Dividends will be included in a U.S. Holder’s income on the date of the depositary’s receipt of the dividend. The amount of any dividend income paid in Cayman Islands dollars will be the U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date of receipt, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. If the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss with respect to the dividend income. A U.S. Holder may have foreign currency gain or loss if the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars after the date of receipt.

 

A non-U.S. corporation (other than a corporation that is classified as a PFIC for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year) generally will be considered to be a qualified foreign corporation with respect to any dividend it pays on Ordinary Shares that are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States.

 

Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Our Ordinary Shares

 

Subject to the discussion above under “PFIC Consequences,” a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon the sale, exchange, or other disposition of our Ordinary Shares in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realized (i.e., the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received) on the sale, exchange, or other disposition and such U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the Ordinary Shares. Such capital gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain taxable at a reduced rate for non-corporate U.S. Holders or long-term capital loss if, on the date of sale, exchange, or other disposition, the Ordinary Shares were held by the U.S. Holder for more than one year. Any capital gain of a non-corporate U.S. Holder that is not long-term capital gain is taxed at ordinary income rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized from the sale or other disposition of our Ordinary Shares will generally be gain or loss from sources within the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

 

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Medicare Tax

 

Certain U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates, or trusts and whose income exceeds certain thresholds generally are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their net investment income, which may include their gross dividend income and net gains from the disposition of our Ordinary Shares. If you are a U.S. person that is an individual, estate, or trust, you are encouraged to consult your tax advisor regarding the applicability of this Medicare tax to your income and gains with respect to your investment in our Ordinary Shares.

 

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

 

U.S. Holders may be required to file certain U.S. information reporting returns with the IRS with respect to an investment in our Ordinary Shares, including, among others, IRS Form 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets). As described above under “PFIC Consequences,” each U.S. Holder who is a shareholder of a PFIC must file an annual report containing certain information. U.S. Holders paying more than US$100,000 for our Ordinary Shares may be required to file IRS Form 926 (Return by a U.S. Transferor of Property to a Foreign Corporation) reporting this payment. Substantial penalties may be imposed upon a U.S. Holder that fails to comply with the required information reporting.

 

Dividends on and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of our Ordinary Shares may be reported to the IRS unless the U.S. Holder establishes a basis for exemption. Backup withholding may apply to amounts subject to reporting if the holder (i) fails to provide an accurate U.S. taxpayer identification number or otherwise establish a basis for exemption, or (ii) is described in certain other categories of persons. However, U.S. Holders that are corporations generally are excluded from these information reporting and backup withholding tax rules.

 

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules generally will be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability if the required information is furnished by the U.S. Holder on a timely basis to the IRS.

 

U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the backup withholding tax and information reporting rules.

 

EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR IS URGED TO CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR ABOUT THE TAX CONSEQUENCES TO IT OF AN INVESTMENT IN OUR ORDINARY SHARES IN LIGHT OF THE INVESTOR’S OWN CIRCUMSTANCES.

 

Prospective investors should consult their professional advisers on the possible tax consequences of buying, holding, or selling any Ordinary Shares under the laws of their country of citizenship, residence, or domicile.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

We may sell securities:

 

  through underwriters;
     
  through dealers;
     
  through agents;
     
  directly to purchasers; or
     
  through a combination of any of these methods of sale.

 

In addition, we may issue the securities as a dividend or distribution or in a subscription rights offering to our existing securityholders.

 

We may directly solicit offers to purchase securities or agents may be designated to solicit such offers. We will, in the prospectus supplement relating to such offering, name any agent that could be viewed as an underwriter under the Securities Act and describe any commissions that we must pay. Any such agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment or, if indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, on a firm commitment basis. This prospectus may be used in connection with any offering of our securities through any of these methods or other methods described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

The distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions:

 

  at a fixed price or prices that may be changed from time to time;
     
  at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
     
  at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or
     
  at negotiated prices.

 

Each prospectus supplement will describe the method of distribution of the securities and any applicable restrictions.

 

The prospectus supplement with respect to the securities of a particular series will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including the following:

 

  the name of the agent or any underwriters;
     
  the public offering or purchase price;
     
  if applicable, the names of any selling securityholders;
     
  any discounts and commissions to be allowed or paid to the agent or underwriters;
     
  all other items constituting underwriting compensation;
     
  any discounts and commissions to be allowed or paid to dealers; and
     
  any exchanges on which the securities will be listed.

 

If any underwriters or agents are utilized in the sale of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered, we will enter into an underwriting agreement or other agreement with them at the time of sale to them, and we will set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to such offering the names of the underwriters or agents and the terms of the related agreement with them.

 

If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities in respect of which the prospectus is delivered, we will sell such securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell such securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by such dealer at the time of resale.

 

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If we offer securities in a subscription rights offering to our existing securityholders, we may enter into a standby underwriting agreement with dealers, acting as standby underwriters. We may pay the standby underwriters a commitment fee for the securities they commit to purchase on a standby basis. If we do not enter into a standby underwriting arrangement, we may retain a dealer-manager to manage a subscription rights offering for us.

 

Agents, underwriters, dealers and other persons may be entitled under agreements that they may enter into with us to indemnification by us against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

 

If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase securities from us pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date stated in the prospectus supplement. Each contract will be for an amount not less than, and the aggregate amount of securities sold pursuant to such contracts shall not be less nor more than, the respective amounts stated in the prospectus supplement. Institutions with whom the contracts, when authorized, may be made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and other institutions, but shall in all cases be subject to our approval. Delayed delivery contracts will not be subject to any conditions except that:

 

  the purchase by an institution of the securities covered under that contract shall not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of the jurisdiction to which that institution is subject; and
     
  if the securities are also being sold to underwriters acting as principals for their own account, the underwriters shall have purchased such securities not sold for delayed delivery.

 

The underwriters and other persons acting as agents will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance of delayed delivery contracts.

 

Certain agents, underwriters and dealers, and their associates and affiliates may be customers of, have borrowing relationships with, engage in other transactions with, and/or perform services, including investment banking services, for us or one or more of our respective affiliates in the ordinary course of business.

 

In order to facilitate the offering of the securities, any underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities or any other securities the prices of which may be used to determine payments on such securities. Specifically, any underwriters may over-allot in connection with the offering, creating a short position for their own accounts. In addition, to cover over-allotments or to stabilize the price of the securities or of any such other securities, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, the securities or any such other securities in the open market. Finally, in any offering of the securities through a syndicate of underwriters, the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing the securities in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above independent market levels. Any such underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time.

 

Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Exchange Act, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. The applicable prospectus supplement may provide that the original issue date for your securities may be more than two scheduled business days after the trade date for your securities. Accordingly, in such a case, if you wish to trade securities on any date prior to the third business day before the original issue date for your securities, you will be required, by virtue of the fact that your securities initially are expected to settle in more than three scheduled business days after the trade date for your securities, to make alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.

 

The securities may be new issues of securities and may have no established trading market. The securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. We can make no assurance as to the liquidity of or the existence of trading markets for any of the securities.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of the securities and certain other matters of the laws of Cayman Islands and the BVI law will be passed upon for us by Conyers Dill & Pearman. We are being represented by Sullivan & Worcester LLP with respect to certain legal matters of U.S. federal securities. We may rely upon K M Lai & Li with respect to matters governed by Hong Kong law. If legal matters in connection with offerings made pursuant to this prospectus are passed upon by counsel to underwriters, dealers, or agents, such counsel will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any such offering.

 

EXPERTS

 

The consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended September 30, 2022, 2023 and 2024 incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Annual Reports on Form 20-F for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2024 have been so included in reliance on the report of ZH CPA, LLC, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. The registered business address of ZH CPA, LLC is 999 18th Street, Suite 3000, Denver, CO, 80202 USA.

 

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ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

 

We are incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability. We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands because of certain benefits associated with being a Cayman Islands exempted company, such as political and economic stability, an effective judicial system, a favorable tax system, the absence of foreign exchange control or currency restrictions, and the availability of professional and support services. However, the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and provides less protection for investors. In addition, Cayman Islands companies do not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.

 

We have appointed Cogency Global Inc. as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the United States in connection with the offerings pursuant to this registration statement under the federal securities laws of the United States or of any state in the United States.

 

Conyers Dill & Pearman, our counsel as to the laws of the Cayman Islands, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in the Cayman Islands against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

 

Conyers Dill & Pearman has informed us that the courts of the Cayman Islands would recognise as a valid judgment, a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in the foreign courts (other than judgements from certain Australian courts which are recognized under the Foreign Judgments Reciprocal Enforcement Act (1996) Revision) against our Company under which a sum of money is payable (other than a sum of money payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty) or, in certain circumstances, an in personam judgment for non-monetary relief, and would give a judgment based thereon provided that (a) such courts had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to such judgment; (b) such courts did not contravene the rules of natural justice of the Cayman Islands; (c) such judgment was not obtained by fraud; (d) the enforcement of the judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands; (e) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of the Cayman Islands; and (f) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws of the Cayman Islands.

 

Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of our directors and officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States and all or a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or these persons, or to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts against us or them, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States, or any state in the United States. It may also be difficult for you to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us and our executive officers and directors.

 

Name   Position   Nationality   Residence
Mr. Wai Yiu Yau   Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer   Chinese   Australia
Mr. Tsz Ngo Yu   Chief Financial Officer   Chinese   Hong Kong
Ms. San Man Leng   Independent Director   United States   Hong Kong
Mr. Ho Chuen Shin   Independent Director   Chinese   Hong Kong
Mr. Fan Cheung   Independent Director   Chinese   Hong Kong

 

Hong Kong

 

There is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Hong Kong would (i) recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (ii) entertain original actions brought in Hong Kong against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

 

A judgment of a court in the United States predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws may be enforced in Hong Kong at common law by bringing an action in a Hong Kong court on that judgment for the amount due thereunder and then seeking summary judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign judgment, among other things, is (1) for a debt or a definite sum of money (not being taxes or similar charges to a foreign government taxing authority or a fine or other penalty), and (2) final and conclusive on the merits of the claim, but not otherwise. Such a judgment may not, in any event, be so enforced in Hong Kong if (a) it was obtained by fraud, (b) the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice, (c) its enforcement or recognition would be contrary to the public policy of Hong Kong, (d) the court of the United States was not jurisdictionally competent, or (e) the judgment was in conflict with a prior Hong Kong judgment.

 

Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the United States. As a result, there is uncertainty as to the enforceability in Hong Kong, in original actions or in actions for enforcement, of judgments of U.S. courts of civil liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state or territory within the United States.

 

55

 

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement (including amendments and exhibits to the registration statement) on Form F-3 under the Securities Act. This prospectus, which forms a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. Certain information is omitted, and you should refer to the complete registration statement and its exhibits and schedules for that information. If a document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, we refer you to the copy of the document that has been filed. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a document filed as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit.

 

We are subject to the information reporting requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we will be required to file reports and other information with the SEC, including annual reports on Form 20-F and reports on Form 6-K. Those reports may be inspected without charge at the locations described above. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act related to the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors, and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.

 

We maintain a corporate website at https://globavend.com/. We will post on our website any materials required to be so posted on such website under applicable corporate or securities laws and regulations, including any notices of general meetings of our shareholders. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of, and shall not be incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have included our website in this prospectus solely for information purposes.

 

The registration statements, reports and other information so filed can be obtained electronically by means of the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. The information on that website is not a part of this prospectus.

 

No dealers, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.

 

56

 

 

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

 

We are allowed to incorporate by reference the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus and information we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference in this prospectus the documents listed below as of their respective dates of filing:

 

  Our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended September 30, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 12, 2025; and

 

  Our Current Reports on Form 6-K filed with the SEC on February 18, 2025, April 10, 2025, April 28, 2025, May 27, 2025, July 1, 2025, July 17, 2025, August 29, 2025, September 2, 2025, September 9, 2025 and September 17, 2025.

 

All subsequent annual reports filed by us pursuant to the Exchange Act on Form 20-F (1) after the date of the filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to its effectiveness and (2) prior to the termination of the offering shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference to this prospectus and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents. We may also incorporate part or all of any Form 6-K subsequently submitted by us to the SEC after the date of the filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to its effectiveness and prior to the termination of the offering by identifying in such Forms 6-K that they, or certain parts of their contents, are being incorporated by reference herein, and any Forms 6-K so identified shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and to be a part hereof from the date of submission of such documents.

 

The information relating to us contained in this prospectus does not purport to be comprehensive and should be read together with the information contained in the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

 

As you read the above documents, you may find inconsistencies in information from one document to another. If you find inconsistencies between the documents and this prospectus, you should rely on the statements made in the most recent document. All information appearing in this prospectus is qualified in its entirety by the information and financial statements, including the notes thereto, contained in the documents incorporated by reference herein.

 

We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, a copy of these filings, at no cost, upon written or oral request to us at the following address:

 

Mr. Frank Yau
Office 1401, Level 14, 197 St Georges Tce
Perth, WA 6000
Australia
Telephone: (61) 08 6141 3263

 

You also may access the incorporated reports and other documents referenced above on our website at https://www.globavend.com/. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus.

 

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus, or such earlier date, that is indicated in this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

 

57

 

 

Globavend Holdings Limited

 

 

$1,000,000,000

Ordinary Shares

Preferred Shares

Debt Securities

Warrants

Subscription Rights

Purchase Contracts

Units

 

 

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 8. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

 

Our Memorandum and Articles of Association empowers us to indemnify our directors and officers against certain liabilities they incur by reason of their being a director or officer of our Company.

 

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. Under these agreements, we have agreed to indemnify our directors and executive officers against certain liabilities and expenses incurred by such persons in connection with claims made by reason of their being a director or officer of our Company.

 

We intend to obtain directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage that will cover certain liabilities of directors and officers of our Company arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers.

 

II-1

 

 

Item 9. Exhibits.

 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number
  Description of Exhibit
1.1**   Form of Underwriting Agreement
3.1*   Third Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant
4.1   Form of Series A Warrant (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 6-K filed on July 1, 2025)
4.2**   Form of Debt Security
4.3**   Form of Warrant Agreement and Warrant Certificate
4.4**   Form of Right Agreement and Right Certificate
4.5**   Form of Purchase Agreement
4.6**   Form of Unit Agreement and Unit Certificate
5.1*   Opinion of Conyers Dill & Pearman
8.1*   Opinion of Conyers Dill & Pearman (included in Exhibit 5.1)
8.2*   Opinion of K M Lai & Li on certain taxation matters in Hong Kong
23.1*   Consent of Conyers Dill & Pearman (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.2*   Consent of K M Lai & Li (included in Exhibit 8.2)
24.1*   Power of Attorney (included on signature page)
25.1***   Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee for Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939
107*   Filing Fee Table

 

* Filed herewith

 

** To be filed, if applicable, by post-effective amendment or as an exhibit to a report filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and incorporated herein by reference.

 

*** To be filed, if applicable, on electronic Form 305b2 pursuant to Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.

 

II-2

 

 

Item 10. Undertakings.

 

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

 

  (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

  (i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

 

  (ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) that, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

 

  (iii)

To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

 

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and a(l)(iii) do not apply if the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is on Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

  (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered that remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

II-3

 

 

  (4) To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the act need not be furnished, provided that the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to registration statements on Form F-3, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the Form F-3.

 

  (5)

That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

 

(i)Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

 

(ii)Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

 

  (6) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

  (i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

  (ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

 

  (iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

 

  (iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

 

(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer, or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

(c) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

II-4

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Perth, Australia, on October 1, 2025.

 

  Globavend holdings limited
   
  By: /s/ Wai Yiu Yau
  Name: Wai Yiu Yau
  Title: Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
     
  By: /s/ Tsz Ngo Yu
  Name: Tsz Ngo Yu
  Title: Chief Financial Officer

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

We, the undersigned directors and/or officers of Globavend Holdings Limited, hereby severally constitute and appoint Wai Yiu Yau and Tsz Ngo Yu with full power to any of them, and to each of them singly, to sign for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below the registration statement on Form F-3 filed herewith, and any and all pre-effective and post-effective amendments to said registration statement, and any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, as amended, in connection with the said registration under the Securities Act, as amended, and to file or cause to be filed the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as each of them might or could do in person, and hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys, and each of them, shall do or cause to be done by virtue of this Power of Attorney.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ Wai Yiu Yau   Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer   October 1, 2025
Wai Yiu Yau   (Principal Executive Officer)    
         
/s/ Tsz Ngo Yu   Chief Financial Officer   October 1, 2025
Tsz Ngo Yu   (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)    
         
/s/ San Man Leng   Independent Director   October 1, 2025
San Man Leng        
         
/s/ Ho Chuen Shin   Independent Director   October 1, 2025
Ho Chuen Shin        
         
/s/ Fan Cheung   Independent Director   October 1, 2025
Fan Cheung        

 

II-5

 

 

SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED U.S. REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REGISTRANT

 

Pursuant to the Securities Act, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of Globavend Holdings Limited, has signed this registration statement or amendment thereto in New York, New York on October 1, 2025.

 

  Authorized U.S. Representative Cogency Global Inc.
   
  By: /s/ Colleen A. De Vries
  Name: Colleen A. De Vries
  Title: Senior Vice President on behalf of Cogency Global Inc.

 

II-6

 

Exhibit 3.1

 

THE COMPANIES ACT (AS REVISED)

 

EXEMPTED COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

 

THE THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED

 

MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION

 

OF

 

Globavend Holdings Limited

 

(Adopted by a special resolution on 12 September 2025)

 

1.The name of the Company is Globavend Holdings Limited.

 

2.The registered office of the Company shall be at the offices of Ogier Global (Cayman) Limited, 89 Nexus Way, Camana Bay, Grand Cayman, KY1-9009, Cayman Islands.

 

3.Subject to the following provisions of this Memorandum, the objects for which the Company is established are unrestricted and shall include, but without limitation:

 

(a)to act and perform all the functions of a holding company in all its branches and to coordinate the policy and administration of any subsidiary company or companies wherever incorporated or carrying on business or of any group of companies of which the Company or any subsidiary company is a member or which are in any manner controlled directly or indirectly by the Company;

 

(b)to act as an investment company and for that purpose to subscribe, acquire, hold, dispose, sell, deal in or trade upon any terms, whether conditionally or absolutely, shares, stock, debentures, debenture stock, annuities, notes, mortgages, bonds, obligations and securities, foreign exchange, foreign currency deposits and commodities, issued or guaranteed by any company wherever incorporated, or by any government, sovereign, ruler, commissioners, public body or authority, supreme, municipal, local or otherwise, by original subscription, tender, purchase, exchange, underwriting, participation in syndicates or in any other manner and whether or not fully paid up, and to meet calls thereon.

 

4.Subject to the following provisions of this Memorandum, the Company shall have and be capable of exercising all the functions of a natural person of full capacity irrespective of any question of corporate benefit, as provided by Section 27(2) of the Companies Act.

 

5.Nothing in this Memorandum shall permit the Company to carry on a business for which a licence is required under the laws of the Cayman Islands unless duly licensed.

 

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6.The Company shall not trade in the Cayman Islands with any person, firm or corporation except in furtherance of the business of the Company carried on outside the Cayman Islands; provided that nothing in this clause shall be construed as to prevent the Company effecting and concluding contracts in the Cayman Islands, and exercising in the Cayman Islands all of its powers necessary for the carrying on of its business outside the Cayman Islands.

 

7.The liability of each member is limited to the amount from time to time unpaid on such member’s shares.

 

8.The share capital of the Company is US$100,000,000 divided into 500,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.20 each of which 100 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.20 each are designated as Management Shares as of the date of adoption of this Memorandum, with the Board being empowered to authorize by resolution or resolutions from time to time the issuance of one or more classes or series of preferred or other shares and to fix the designations, powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other rights, if any, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, if any, including, without limitation, the number of shares constituting each such class or series, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges, voting powers, full or limited or no voting powers, and liquidation preferences, and to increase or decrease the size of any such class or series (but not below the number of shares of any class or series of shares then outstanding) to the extent permitted by the Companies Act (As Revised).

 

9.The Company may exercise the power contained in the Companies Act to deregister in the Cayman Islands and be registered by way of continuation in another jurisdiction.

 

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The Companies Act (As Revised)

Exempted Company Limited by Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

THE THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED

 

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

 

 

 

OF

 

 

 

Globavend Holdings Limited

 

(Adopted by a special resolution on 12 September 2025)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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INDEX

 

SUBJECT   Article No.
     
Table A   1
Interpretation   2
Share Capital   3
Alteration Of Capital   4-7
Share Rights   8-10
Variation Of Rights   11-12
Shares   13-16
Share Certificates   17-22
Lien   23-25
Calls On Shares   26-34
Forfeiture Of Shares   35-43
Register Of Members   44-45
Record Dates   46
Transfer Of Shares   47-52
Transmission Of Shares   53-55
Untraceable Members   56
General Meetings   57-59
Notice Of General Meetings   60-61
Proceedings At General Meetings   62-66
Voting   67-78
Proxies   79-84
Corporations Acting By Representatives   85
No Action By Written Resolutions Of Members   86
Board Of Directors   87
Disqualification Of Directors   88
Executive Directors   89-90
Alternate Directors   91-94
Directors’ Fees And Expenses   95-98
Directors’ Interests   99-102
General Powers Of The Directors   103-108
Borrowing Powers   109-112
Proceedings Of The Directors   113-122
Audit Committee   123-125
Officers   126-129
Register of Directors and Officers   130
Minutes   131
Seal   132
Authentication Of Documents   133
Destruction Of Documents   134
Dividends And Other Payments   135-144
Reserves   145
Capitalisation   146-147
Subscription Rights Reserve   148
Accounting Records   149-153
Audit   154-159
Notices   160-162
Signatures   163
Winding Up   164-165
Indemnity   166
Financial Year End   167
Amendment To Memorandum and Articles of Association And Name of Company   168
Information   169

 

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 i 

 

 

THE COMPANIES ACT (AS REVISED)

EXEMPTED COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

 

THE THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

 

OF

 

Globavend Holdings Limited

 

(Adopted by a special resolution on 12 September 2025)

 

TABLE A

 

1. The regulations in Table A in the Schedule to the Companies Act (As Revised) do not apply to the Company.

 

INTERPRETATION

 

2.(1)In these Articles, unless the context otherwise requires, the words standing in the first column of the following table shall bear the meaning set opposite them respectively in the second column.

 

  WORD   MEANING
       
  “Act”   The Companies Act, Cap. 22 (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands.  
       
  “Affiliate”   in relation to an individual, any of his spouse, children, parents, brothers and sisters (collectively relatives) and any company or trust which is directly or indirectly Controlled by such individual or any of his relatives and for the purpose of this definition, includes a trust Controlled by one or more persons if his or their wishes are generally adhered to by the relevant trustees.  
       
  “Articles”   these Articles in their present form or as supplemented or amended or substituted from time to time.  
       
  “Audit Committee”   the audit committee of the Company formed by the Board pursuant to Article 123 hereof, or any successor audit committee.
       
  “Auditor”   the independent auditor of the Company which shall be an internationally recognized firm of independent accountants.

 

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 1 

 

 

  “Board” or “Directors”   the board of directors of the Company or the directors present at a meeting of directors of the Company at which a quorum is present.
       
  “capital”   the share capital from time to time of the Company.
       
  “clear days”   in relation to the period of a notice, that period excluding the day when the notice is given or deemed to be given and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect.
       
  “clearing house”   a clearing house recognised by the laws of the jurisdiction in which the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on a stock exchange or interdealer quotation system in such jurisdiction.
       
  “Company”   Globavend Holdings Limited
       
  “competent regulatory authority”   a competent regulatory authority in the territory where the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on a stock exchange or interdealer quotation system in such territory.  
       
  “Controlled”  

(a)          the power (whether directly or indirectly and whether by the ownership of share capital, the possession of voting power, contract or otherwise) to appoint and / or remove all or such of the members of the board of directors or other governing body of an entity or partnership as are able to cast a majority of the votes capable of being cast by the members of that board or body on all, or substantially all, matters, or otherwise to control or have the power to control the policies and affairs of that person; and/or

 

(b)          the holding and / or the possession of the beneficial interest in and / or the ability to exercise the voting rights applicable to shares or other securities in any person which confer in aggregate on the holders thereof more than 50% of the total voting rights exercisable at general meetings of that person on all, or substantially all, matters.

       
  “debenture” and “debenture holder”   include debenture stock and debenture stockholder respectively.

 

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 2 

 

 

  “Designated Stock Exchange”   the stock exchange in the United States of America on which any shares are listed for trading.  
       
  “dollars” and “$”   dollars, the legal currency of the United States of America.
       
  “Exchange Act”   the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
       
    “Founder”   such holder(s) of Management Shares or any of them, on the first date of allotment and issue of the Management Shares by the Company.
       
  “head office”   such office of the Company as the Directors may from time to time determine to be the principal office of the Company.
       
  “Independent Director”   a director who is an independent director as defined in the applicable rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange.  
       
  “Management Shares”   shares of par value of US$0.20 each in the share capital of the Company which have been designated as management shares pursuant to written resolutions of the board of directors of the Company dated 27 August 2025 having the rights as set out in these Articles.  
       
  “Member”   a duly registered holder from time to time of the shares in the capital of the Company.
       
  “Memorandum of Association”   the memorandum of association of the Company, as amended from time to time.
       
  “month”   a calendar month.
       
  “Notice”   written notice unless otherwise specifically stated and as further defined in these Articles.
       
  “Office”   the registered office of the Company for the time being.
       
  “ordinary resolution”   a resolution shall be an ordinary resolution when it has been passed by: (i) a simple majority of votes cast by such Members as, being entitled so to do, vote in person or, in the case of any Member being a corporation, by its duly authorised representative or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of which Notice has been duly given in accordance with Article 60; or (ii) a written resolution passed by such Members (or Members of a class of shares) holding at least a majority of the total voting power of all shares (or class of shares) in the share capital entitled to vote;

 

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  “paid up”   paid up or credited as paid up.
       
  “Register”   the principal register and where applicable, any branch register of Members of the Company to be maintained at such place within or outside the Cayman Islands as the Board shall determine from time to time.
       
  “Registration Office”   in respect of any class of share capital such place as the Board may from time to time determine to keep a branch register of Members in respect of that class of share capital and where (except in cases where the Board otherwise directs) the transfers or other documents of title for such class of share capital are to be lodged for registration and are to be registered.
       
  “SEC”   the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
       
  “Securities Act”   mean the U.S. Securities Act 1933 as amended, or any similar federal statute and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder as the same shall be in effect from time to time.
       
  “Seal”   common seal or any one or more duplicate seals of the Company (including a securities seal) for use in the Cayman Islands or in any place outside the Cayman Islands.
       
  “Secretary”   any person, firm or corporation appointed by the Board to perform any of the duties of secretary of the Company and includes any assistant, deputy, temporary or acting secretary.
       
  “shares”   shares of par value US$0.20 each.  
       
  “special resolution”   a resolution shall be a special resolution when it has been passed by: (i) a majority of not less than two-thirds of votes cast by such Members as, being entitled so to do, vote in person or, in the case of such Members as are corporations, by their respective duly authorised representative or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of which Notice has been duly given in accordance with Article 60; or (ii) a written resolution passed by unanimous consent of all Members (or Members of a class of shares) in the share capital entitled to vote;  
       
      a special resolution shall be effective for any purpose for which an ordinary resolution is expressed to be required under any provision of these Articles or the Statutes.

 

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  “Statutes”   the Act and every other law of the Legislature of the Cayman Islands for the time being in force applying to or affecting the Company, its Memorandum of Association and/or these Articles.
       
  “year”   a calendar year.

 

(2)In these Articles, unless there be something within the subject or context inconsistent with such construction:

 

(a)words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa;

 

(b)words importing a gender include both gender and the neuter;

 

(c)words importing persons include companies, associations and bodies of persons whether corporate or not;

 

(d)the words:

 

(i)“may” shall be construed as permissive;

 

(ii)“shall” or “will” shall be construed as imperative;

 

(e)expressions referring to writing shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as including printing, lithography, email, facsimile, photography and other modes of representing words or figures in a visible form, and including where the representation takes the form of electronic display, or represented by any other substitute or format for storage or transmission for writing or partly one and partly another provided that both the mode of service of the relevant document or Notice and the Member’s election comply with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations;

 

(f)any requirement as to delivery under the Articles include delivery in the form of an electronic record (as defined in the Electronic Transactions Act of the Cayman Islands) or an electronic communication;

 

(g)references to any law, ordinance, statute or statutory provision shall be interpreted as relating to any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof for the time being in force;

 

(h)save as aforesaid words and expressions defined in the Statutes shall bear the same meanings in these Articles if not inconsistent with the subject in the context;

 

(i)references to a document (including, but without limitation, a resolution in writing) being signed or executed include references to it being signed or executed under hand or under seal or by electronic communication or by electronic signature or by any other method and references to a Notice or document include a Notice or document recorded or stored in any digital, electronic, electrical, magnetic or other retrievable form or medium and information in visible form whether having physical substance or not;

 

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(j)Sections 8 and 19 of the Electronic Transaction Act of the Cayman Islands, as amended from time to time, shall not apply to these Articles to the extent it imposes obligations or requirements in addition to those set out in these Articles;

 

(k)where a Member is a corporation, any reference in these Articles to a Member shall, where the context requires, refer to a duly authorised representative of such Member; and

 

(l)references to “in the ordinary course of business” and comparable expressions mean the ordinary and usual course of business of the relevant party, consistent in all material respects (including nature and scope) with the prior practice of such party.

 

SHARE CAPITAL

 

3. (1) The share capital of the Company at the date on which these Articles come into effect shall be divided into shares of a par value of US$0.20 each.

 

(2) Subject to the Act, the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association and, where applicable, the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange and/or any competent regulatory authority, the Company shall have the power to purchase or otherwise acquire its own shares and such power shall be exercisable by the Board in such manner, upon such terms and subject to such conditions as it in its absolute discretion thinks fit and any determination by the Board of the manner of purchase shall be deemed authorized by these Articles for purposes of the Act. Subject to the Act, the Company is hereby authorized to make payments in respect of a redemption or purchase of its own shares in any manner authorized by the Act, including out of its capital. The purchase of any share shall not oblige the Company to purchase any other share other than as may be required pursuant to applicable law and any other contractual obligations of the Company.

 

(3) The Company is authorised to hold treasury shares in accordance with the Act and may designate as treasury shares any of its shares that it purchases or redeems, or any share surrendered to it subject to the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange and/or any competent regulatory authority. Shares held by the Company as treasury shares shall continue to be classified as treasury shares until such shares are either cancelled or transferred as the Board may determine on such terms and subject to such conditions as it in its absolute discretion thinks fits in accordance with the Act subject to the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange and/or any competent regulatory authority.

 

(4) The Company may accept the surrender for no consideration of any fully paid share unless, as a result of such surrender, there would no longer be any issued shares of the Company other than shares held as treasury shares.

 

(5) No share shall be issued to bearer.

 

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ALTERATION OF CAPITAL

 

4. The Company may from time to time by ordinary resolution in accordance with the Act alter the conditions of its Memorandum of Association to:

 

(a)increase its capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such amounts, as the resolution shall prescribe;

 

(b)consolidate and divide all or any of its capital into shares of larger amount than its existing shares;

 

(c)without prejudice to the powers of the Board under Article 13, divide its shares into several classes and without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of existing shares attach thereto respectively any preferential, deferred, qualified or special rights, privileges, conditions or such restrictions which in the absence of any such determination by the Company in general meeting, as the Directors may determine provided always that, for the avoidance of doubt, where a class of shares has been authorized by the Company no resolution of the Company in general meeting is required for the issuance of shares of that class and the Directors may issue shares of that class and determine such rights, privileges, conditions or restrictions attaching thereto as aforesaid;

 

(d)sub-divide its shares, or any of them, into shares of smaller amount than is fixed by the Memorandum of Association (subject, nevertheless, to the Act), and may by such resolution determine that, as between the holders of the shares resulting from such sub-division, one or more of the shares may have any such preferred, deferred or other rights or be subject to any such restrictions as compared with the other or others as the Company has power to attach to unissued or new shares;

 

(e)cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken, or agreed to be taken, by any person, and diminish the amount of its capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled or, in the case of shares, without par value, diminish the number of shares into which its capital is divided.

 

5. The Board may settle as it considers expedient any difficulty which arises in relation to any consolidation and division under the Article 4 and in particular but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares or arrange for the sale of the shares representing fractions and the distribution of the net proceeds of sale (after deduction of the expenses of such sale) in due proportion amongst the Members who would have been entitled to the fractions, and for this purpose the Board may authorise any person to transfer the shares representing fractions to their purchaser or resolve that such net proceeds be paid to the Company for the Company’s benefit. Such purchaser will not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money nor will his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale.

 

6. The Company may from time to time by special resolution, subject to any confirmation or consent required by the Act, reduce its share capital or any capital redemption reserve or other undistributable reserve in any manner permitted by law.

 

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7. Except so far as otherwise provided by the conditions of issue, or by these Articles, any capital raised by the creation of new shares shall be treated as if it formed part of the original capital of the Company, and such shares shall be subject to the provisions contained in these Articles with reference to the payment of calls and instalments, transfer and transmission, forfeiture, lien, cancellation, surrender, voting and otherwise.

 

SHARE RIGHTS

 

8. Subject to the provisions of the Act, the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange and the Memorandum and Articles of Association and to any special rights conferred on the holders of any shares or class of shares, and without prejudice to Article 13 hereof, any share in the Company (whether forming part of the present capital or not) may be issued with or have attached thereto such rights or restrictions whether in regard to dividend, voting, return of capital or otherwise as the Board may determine.

 

9. Subject to the Act, the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange and the Memorandum and Articles of Association, and to any special rights conferred on the holders of any shares or attaching to any class of shares, shares may be issued on the terms that may be or at the option of the Company or the holder are, liable to be redeemed on such terms and in such manner, including out of capital, as the Board may deem fit.

 

10. Subject to Article 13(1), the Memorandum of Association and any resolution of the Members to the contrary and without prejudice to any special rights conferred thereby on the holders of any other shares or class of shares (including Article 10A), the share capital of the Company shall be divided into shares of par value US$0.20 each the holders of which (other than the Management Shares) shall, subject to these Articles:

 

(a)be entitled to one vote per share;

 

(b)be entitled to such dividends as the Board may from time to time declare;

 

(c)in the event of a winding up or dissolution of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary or for the purpose of a reorganisation or otherwise or upon any distribution of capital, be entitled to the surplus assets of the Company; and

 

(d)generally, be entitled to enjoy all of the rights attaching to shares save as otherwise provided in its terms and conditions of issue.

 

10A. The holder(s) of the Management Shares shall:

 

(a)be entitled to 1,000,000 votes for each Management Share at a meeting of the members or on any resolution of members of the Company (whether in writing or otherwise);

 

(b)not be entitled to any dividend or distribution (whether upon a winding up or otherwise) to be declared by the Board from time to time, if any;

 

(c)not be entitled to any surplus assets of the Company in the event of a winding-up or dissolution of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary or for the purpose of a reorganisation or otherwise or upon any distribution of capital; and

 

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(d)generally be entitled to enjoy all of the rights attaching to shares save as otherwise provided in its terms and conditions of issue.

 

The Management Shares shall otherwise rank pari passu with other shares of the Company in issue and shall have the same rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, and shall at all times vote as one class on all resolutions submitted to a vote by the members (whether at a general meeting or otherwise in writing).

 

VARIATION OF RIGHTS

 

11. Subject to the Act and without prejudice to Article 8, all or any of the special rights for the time being attached to the shares or any class of shares may, unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, from time to time (whether or not the Company is being wound up) be varied, modified or abrogated with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class or by written resolutions of all holders of the shares of that class (if recommended by a majority of the Board). To every such separate general meeting all the provisions of these Articles relating to general meetings of the Company shall, mutatis mutandis, apply, but so that:

 

(a)separate general meetings of the holders of a class or series of shares may be called only by (i) the Chairman of the Board, or (ii) a majority of the entire Board (unless otherwise specifically provided by the terms of issue of the shares of such class or series). Nothing in this Article 11 shall be deemed to give any Member or Members the right to call a class or series meeting or to pass written resolutions of all holders of the shares of that class in the absence of any recommendation by the Board;

 

(b)the necessary quorum (whether at a separate general meeting or at its adjourned meeting) shall be a person or persons or (in the case of a Member being a corporation) its duly authorized representative together holding or representing by proxy not less than one-third in nominal value or par value of the issued shares of that class (but so that if at any adjourned meeting of such holders a quorum as above defined is not present, those Members who are present shall form a quorum (whatever the number of shares held by them));

 

(c)every holder of shares of the class shall be entitled on a poll to one vote for every such share held by him; and

 

(d)any holder of shares of the class present in person or by proxy or authorised representative may demand a poll.

 

12. The special rights conferred upon the holders of any shares or class of shares shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided in the rights attaching to or the terms of issue of such shares, be deemed to be varied, modified or abrogated by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith.

 

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SHARES

 

13. (1) Subject to the Act, these Articles and, where applicable, the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange and without prejudice to any special rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any shares or any class of shares, the unissued shares of the Company (whether forming part of the original or any increased capital) shall be at the disposal of the Board, which may offer, allot, grant options over or otherwise dispose of them to such persons, at such times and for such consideration and upon such terms and conditions as the Board may in its absolute discretion determine but so that no shares shall be issued at a discount to their nominal value. In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, the Board is hereby empowered to authorize by resolution or resolutions from time to time the issuance of one or more classes or series of preferred or other shares and to fix the designations, powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other rights, if any, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, if any, including, without limitation, the number of shares constituting each such class or series, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges, voting powers, full or limited or no voting powers, and liquidation preferences, and to increase or decrease the size of any such class or series (but not below the number of shares of any class or series of shares then outstanding) to the extent permitted by the Act. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the resolution or resolutions providing for the establishment of any class or series of preferred or other shares may, to the extent permitted by law, provide that such class or series shall be superior to, rank equally with or be junior to the preferred or other shares of any other class or series.

 

(2) Neither the Company nor the Board shall be obliged, when making or granting any allotment of, offer of, option over or disposal of shares, to make, or make available, any such allotment, offer, option or shares to Members or others with registered addresses in any particular territory or territories being a territory or territories where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, this would or might, in the opinion of the Board, be unlawful or impracticable. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be, or be deemed to be, a separate class of members for any purpose whatsoever. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the resolution or resolutions providing for the establishment of any class or series of preferred or other shares, no vote of the holders of preferred shares, or ordinary or other shares shall be a prerequisite to the issuance of any shares of any class or series of the preferred or other shares authorized by and complying with the conditions of the Memorandum and Articles of Association.

 

(3) The Board may issue options, warrants or convertible securities or securities of similar nature conferring the right upon the holders thereof to subscribe for, purchase or receive any class of shares or securities in the capital of the Company on such terms as it may from time to time determine.

 

14. The Company may in connection with the issue of any shares exercise all powers of paying commission and brokerage conferred or permitted by the Act. Subject to the Act, the commission may be satisfied by the payment of cash or by the allotment of fully or partly paid shares or partly in one and partly in the other.

 

15. Except as required by law, no person shall be recognised by the Company as holding any share upon any trust and the Company shall not be bound by or required in any way to recognise (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any share or any fractional part of a share or (except only as otherwise provided by these Articles or by law) any other rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety thereof in the registered holder.

 

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16. Subject to the Act and these Articles, the Board may at any time after the allotment of shares but before any person has been entered in the Register as the holder, recognise a renunciation thereof by the allottee in favour of some other person and may accord to any allottee of a share a right to effect such renunciation upon and subject to such terms and conditions as the Board considers fit to impose.

 

SHARE CERTIFICATES

 

17. Every share certificate shall be issued under the Seal or a facsimile thereof or with the Seal printed thereon and shall specify the number and class and distinguishing numbers (if any) of the shares to which it relates, and the amount paid up thereon and may otherwise be in such form as the Directors may from time to time determine. No certificate shall be issued representing shares of more than one class. The Board may by resolution determine, either generally or in any particular case or cases, that any signatures on any such certificates (or certificates in respect of other securities) need not be autographic but may be affixed to such certificates by some mechanical means or may be printed thereon.

 

18. (1) In the case of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company shall not be bound to issue more than one certificate therefor and delivery of a certificate to one of several joint holders shall be sufficient delivery to all such holders.

 

(2) Where a share stands in the names of two or more persons, the person first named in the Register shall as regards service of notices and, subject to the provisions of these Articles, all or any other matters connected with the Company, except the transfer of the shares, be deemed the sole holder thereof.

 

19. The Company is not obliged to issue a share certificate to a Member unless the Member requests it in writing from the Company. Every person whose name is entered, upon an allotment of shares, as a Member in the Register shall be entitled without payment, to receive one certificate for all such shares of any one class or several certificates each for one or more of such shares of such class upon payment for every certificate after the first of such reasonable out-of-pocket expenses as the Board from time to time determines.

 

20. Share certificates shall be issued within the relevant time limit as prescribed by the Act or as the Designated Stock Exchange may from time to time determine, whichever is the shorter, after allotment or, except in the case of a transfer which the Company is for the time being entitled to refuse to register and does not register, after lodgment of a transfer with the Company. Every share certificate of the Company shall bear legends required under the applicable laws, including the Securities Act.

 

21. (1) Upon every transfer of shares the certificate held by the transferor shall be given up to be cancelled, and shall forthwith be cancelled accordingly, and a new certificate shall be issued to the transferee in respect of the shares transferred to him at such fee as is provided in paragraph (2) of this Article 21. If any of the shares included in the certificate so given up shall be retained by the transferor a new certificate for the balance shall be issued to him at the aforesaid fee payable by the transferor to the Company in respect thereof.

 

(2) The fee referred to in paragraph (1) above shall be an amount not exceeding the relevant maximum amount as the Designated Stock Exchange may from time to time determine provided that the Board may at any time determine a lower amount for such fee.

 

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22. If a share certificate shall be damaged or defaced or alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed a new certificate representing the same shares may be issued to the relevant Member upon request and on payment of such fee as the Board may determine and, subject to compliance with such terms (if any) as to evidence and indemnity and to payment of the costs and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of the Company in investigating such evidence and preparing such indemnity as the Board may think fit and, in case of damage or defacement, on delivery of the old certificate to the Company provided always that where share warrants have been issued, no new share warrant shall be issued to replace one that has been lost unless the Board has determined that the original has been destroyed.

 

LIEN

 

23. The Company shall have a first and paramount lien on every share (not being a fully paid share) for all moneys (whether presently payable or not) called or payable at a fixed time in respect of that share. The Company shall also have a first and paramount lien on every share (not being a fully paid share) registered in the name of a Member (whether or not jointly with other Members) for all amounts of money presently payable by such Member or his estate to the Company whether the same shall have been incurred before or after notice to the Company of any equitable or other interest of any person other than such member, and whether the period for the payment or discharge of the same shall have actually become due or not, and notwithstanding that the same are joint debts or liabilities of such Member or his estate and any other person, whether a Member or not. The Company’s lien on a share shall extend to all dividends or other moneys payable thereon or in respect thereof. The Board may at any time, generally or in any particular case, waive any lien that has arisen or declare any share exempt in whole or in part, from the provisions of this Article 23.

 

24. Subject to these Articles, the Company may sell in such manner as the Board determines any share on which the Company has a lien, but no sale shall be made unless some sum in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable, or the liability or engagement in respect of which such lien exists is liable to be presently fulfilled or discharged nor until the expiration of fourteen (14) clear days after a notice in writing, stating and demanding payment of the sum presently payable, or specifying the liability or engagement and demanding fulfilment or discharge thereof and giving notice of the intention to sell in default, has been served on the registered holder for the time being of the share or the person entitled thereto by reason of his death or bankruptcy.

 

25. The net proceeds of the sale shall be received by the Company and applied in or towards payment or discharge of the debt or liability in respect of which the lien exists, so far as the same is presently payable, and any residue shall (subject to a like lien for debts or liabilities not presently payable as existed upon the share prior to the sale) be paid to the person entitled to the share at the time of the sale. To give effect to any such sale the Board may authorise some person to transfer the shares sold to the purchaser thereof. The purchaser shall be registered as the holder of the shares so transferred and he shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale.

 

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CALLS ON SHARES

 

26. Subject to these Articles and to the terms of allotment, the Board may from time to time make calls upon the Members in respect of any moneys unpaid on their shares (whether on account of the nominal value of the shares or by way of premium), and each Member shall (subject to being given at least fourteen (14) clear days’ Notice specifying the time and place of payment) pay to the Company as required by such notice the amount called on his shares. A call may be extended, postponed or revoked in whole or in part as the Board determines but no Member shall be entitled to any such extension, postponement or revocation except as a matter of grace and favour.

 

27. A call shall be deemed to have been made at the time when the resolution of the Board authorising the call was passed and may be made payable either in one lump sum or by instalments.

 

28. A person upon whom a call is made shall remain liable for calls made upon him notwithstanding the subsequent transfer of the shares in respect of which the call was made. The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls and instalments due in respect thereof or other moneys due in respect thereof.

 

29. If a sum called in respect of a share is not paid before or on the day appointed for payment thereof, the person from whom the sum is due shall pay interest on the amount unpaid from the day appointed for payment thereof to the time of actual payment at such rate (not exceeding twenty per cent. (20%) per annum) as the Board may determine, but the Board may in its absolute discretion waive payment of such interest in whole or in part.

 

30. No Member shall be entitled to receive any dividend or bonus or to be present and vote (save as proxy for another Member) at any general meeting either personally or by proxy, or be reckoned in a quorum, or exercise any other privilege as a Member until all calls or instalments due by him to the Company, whether alone or jointly with any other person, together with interest and expenses (if any) shall have been paid.

 

31. On the trial or hearing of any action or other proceedings for the recovery of any money due for any call, it shall be sufficient to prove that the name of the Member sued is entered in the Register as the holder, or one of the holders, of the shares in respect of which such debt accrued, that the resolution making the call is duly recorded in the minute book, and that notice of such call was duly given to the Member sued, in pursuance of these Articles; and it shall not be necessary to prove the appointment of the Directors who made such call, nor any other matters whatsoever, but the proof of the matters aforesaid shall be conclusive evidence of the debt.

 

32. Any amount payable in respect of a share upon allotment or at any fixed date, whether in respect of nominal value or premium or as an instalment of a call, shall be deemed to be a call duly made and payable on the date fixed for payment and if it is not paid the provisions of these Articles shall apply as if that amount had become due and payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.

 

33. On the issue of shares the Board may differentiate between the allottees or holders as to the amount of calls to be paid and the times of payment.

 

34. The Board may, if it thinks fit, receive from any Member willing to advance the same, and either in money or money’s worth, all or any part of the moneys uncalled and unpaid or instalments payable upon any shares held by him and upon all or any of the moneys so advanced (until the same would, but for such advance, become presently payable) pay interest at such rate (if any) as the Board may decide. The Board may at any time repay the amount so advanced upon giving to such Member not less than one (1) month’s Notice of its intention in that behalf, unless before the expiration of such notice the amount so advanced shall have been called up on the shares in respect of which it was advanced. Such payment in advance shall not entitle the holder of such share or shares to participate in respect thereof in a dividend subsequently declared.

 

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FORFEITURE OF SHARES

 

35. (1) If a call remains unpaid after it has become due and payable the Board may give to the person from whom it is due not less than fourteen (14) clear days’ Notice:

 

(a)requiring payment of the amount unpaid together with any interest which may have accrued and which may still accrue up to the date of actual payment; and

 

(b)stating that if the Notice is not complied with the shares on which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited.

 

(2) If the requirements of any such Notice are not complied with, any share in respect of which such Notice has been given may at any time thereafter, before payment of all calls and interest due in respect thereof has been made, be forfeited by a resolution of the Board to that effect, and such forfeiture shall include all dividends and bonuses declared in respect of the forfeited share but not actually paid before the forfeiture.

 

36. When any share has been forfeited, notice of the forfeiture shall be served upon the person who was before forfeiture the holder of the share. No forfeiture shall be invalidated by any omission or neglect to give such Notice.

 

37. The Board may accept the surrender of any share liable to be forfeited hereunder and, in such case, references in these Articles to forfeiture will include surrender.

 

38. Any share so forfeited shall be deemed the property of the Company and may be sold, re-allotted or otherwise disposed of to such person, upon such terms and in such manner as the Board determines, and at any time before a sale, re-allotment or disposition the forfeiture may be annulled by the Board on such terms as the Board determines.

 

39. A person whose shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a Member in respect of the forfeited shares but nevertheless shall remain liable to pay the Company all moneys which at the date of forfeiture were presently payable by him to the Company in respect of the shares, with (if the Board shall in its discretion so requires) interest thereon from the date of forfeiture until payment at such rate (not exceeding twenty per cent. (20%) per annum) as the Board shall determine. The Board may enforce payment thereof if it thinks fit, and without any deduction or allowance for the value of the forfeited shares, at the date of forfeiture, but his liability shall cease if and when the Company shall have received payment in full of all such moneys in respect of the shares. For the purposes of this Article 39 any sum which, by the terms of issue of a share, is payable thereon at a fixed time which is subsequent to the date of forfeiture, whether on account of the nominal value of the share or by way of premium, shall notwithstanding that time has not yet arrived be deemed to be payable at the date of forfeiture, and the same shall become due and payable immediately upon the forfeiture, but interest thereon shall only be payable in respect of any period between the said fixed time and the date of actual payment.

 

40. A declaration by a Director or the Secretary that a share has been forfeited on a specified date shall be conclusive evidence of the facts therein stated as against all persons claiming to be entitled to the share, and such declaration shall (subject to the execution of an instrument of transfer by the Company if necessary) constitute a good title to the share, and the person to whom the share is disposed of shall be registered as the holder of the share and shall not be bound to see to the application of the consideration (if any), nor shall his title to the share be affected by any irregularity in or invalidity of the proceedings in reference to the forfeiture, sale or disposal of the share. When any share shall have been forfeited, notice of the declaration shall be given to the Member in whose name it stood immediately prior to the forfeiture, and an entry of the forfeiture, with the date thereof, shall forthwith be made in the Register, but no forfeiture shall be in any manner invalidated by any omission or neglect to give such notice or make any such entry.

 

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41. Notwithstanding any such forfeiture as aforesaid the Board may at any time, before any shares so forfeited shall have been sold, re-allotted or otherwise disposed of, permit the shares forfeited to be bought back upon the terms of payment of all calls and interest due upon and expenses incurred in respect of the share, and upon such further terms (if any) as it thinks fit.

 

42. The forfeiture of a share shall not prejudice the right of the Company to any call already made or instalment payable thereon.

 

43. The provisions of these Articles as to forfeiture shall apply in the case of non-payment of any sum which, by the terms of issue of a share, becomes payable at a fixed time, whether on account of the nominal value of the share or by way of premium, as if the same had been payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.

 

REGISTER OF MEMBERS

 

44. (1) The Company shall keep in one or more books a Register of its Members and shall enter therein the following particulars, that is to say:

 

(a)the name and address of each Member, the number and class of shares held by him and the amount paid or agreed to be considered as paid on such shares;

 

(b)the date on which each person was entered in the Register; and

 

(c)the date on which any person ceased to be a Member.

 

(2) The Company may keep an overseas or local or other branch register of Members resident in any place, and the Board may make and vary such regulations as it determines in respect of the keeping of any such register and maintaining a Registration Office in connection therewith.

 

45. The Register and branch register of Members, as the case may be, shall be open to inspection for such times and on such days as the Board shall determine by Members without charge or by any other person, upon a maximum payment of $2.50 or such other sum specified by the Board, at the Office or Registration Office or such other place at which the Register is kept in accordance with the Act. The Register including any overseas or local or other branch register of Members may, after compliance with any notice requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange or by any electronic means in such manner as may be accepted by the Designated Stock Exchange to that effect, be closed for inspection at such times or for such periods not exceeding in the whole thirty (30) days in each year as the Board may determine and either generally or in respect of any class of shares.

 

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RECORD DATES

 

46. For the purpose of determining the Members entitled to notice of or to vote at any general meeting, or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of shares or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix, in advance, a date as the record date for any such determination of Members, which date shall not be more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other such action.

 

If the Board does not fix a record date for any general meeting, the record date for determining the Members entitled to a notice of or to vote at such meeting shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if in accordance with these Articles notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. The record date for determining the Members for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.

 

A determination of the Members of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the Members shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

 

TRANSFER OF SHARES

 

47. (1) Subject to these Articles (including Article 47A), any Member may transfer all or any of his shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in a form prescribed by the Designated Stock Exchange or in any other form approved by the Board and may be under hand or, if the transferor or transferee is a clearing house or a central depository house or its nominee(s), by hand or by machine imprinted signature or by such other manner of execution as the Board may approve from time to time.

 

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraph (1) above, for so long as any shares are listed on the Designated Stock Exchange, titles to such listed shares may be evidenced and transferred in accordance with the laws applicable to and the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange that are or shall be applicable to such listed shares. The register of members of the Company in respect of its listed shares (whether the Register or a branch register) may be kept by recording the particulars required by Section 40 of the Act in a form otherwise than legible if such recording otherwise complies with the laws applicable to and the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange that are or shall be applicable to such listed shares.

 

47A. No Management Share shall be sold, transferred, assigned or disposed of, whether directly or indirectly, whether through voting proxy or otherwise by a holder thereof to any person or entity except (i) with the prior approval of the Board; or (ii) if the transferee is ultimately Controlled by a Founder or another holder of Management Shares, or is an Affiliate of a Founder or another holder of Management Shares in which case no prior approval of the Board is strictly required.

 

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48. The instrument of transfer shall be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and the transferee provided that the Board may dispense with the execution of the instrument of transfer by the transferee in any case which it thinks fit in its discretion to do so. Without prejudice to Article 47, the Board may also resolve, either generally or in any particular case, upon request by either the transferor or transferee, to accept mechanically executed transfers. The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of the share until the name of the transferee is entered in the Register in respect thereof. Nothing in these Articles shall preclude the Board from recognising a renunciation of the allotment or provisional allotment of any share by the allottee in favour of some other person.

 

49. (1) The Board may, in its absolute discretion, and without giving any reason therefor, refuse to register a transfer of any share (not being a fully paid up share) to a person of whom it does not approve, or any share issued under any share incentive scheme for employees upon which a restriction on transfer imposed thereby still subsists, and it may also, without prejudice to the foregoing generality, refuse to register a transfer of any share to more than four joint holders or a transfer of any share (not being a fully paid up share) on which the Company has a lien.

 

(2) The Board in so far as permitted by any applicable law may, in its absolute discretion, at any time and from time to time transfer any share upon the Register to any branch register or any share on any branch register to the Register or any other branch register. In the event of any such transfer, the shareholder requesting such transfer shall bear the cost of effecting the transfer unless the Board otherwise determines.

 

(3) Unless the Board otherwise agrees (which agreement may be on such terms and subject to such conditions as the Board in its absolute discretion may from time to time determine, and which agreement the Board shall, without giving any reason therefor, be entitled in its absolute discretion to give or withhold), no shares upon the Register shall be transferred to any branch register nor shall shares on any branch register be transferred to the Register or any other branch register and all transfers and other documents of title shall be lodged for registration, and registered, in the case of any shares on a branch register, at the relevant Registration Office, and, in the case of any shares on the Register, at the Office or such other place at which the Register is kept in accordance with the Act.

 

50. Without limiting the generality of the Article 49, the Board may decline to recognise any instrument of transfer unless:-

 

(a)a fee of such maximum sum as the Designated Stock Exchange may determine to be payable or such lesser sum as the Board may from time to time require is paid to the Company in respect thereof;

 

(b)the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of share;

 

(c)the instrument of transfer is lodged at the Office or such other place at which the Register is kept in accordance with the Act or the Registration Office (as the case may be) accompanied by the relevant share certificate(s) and such other evidence as the Board may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer (and, if the instrument of transfer is executed by some other person on his behalf, the authority of that person so to do); and

 

(d)if applicable, the instrument of transfer is duly and properly stamped.

 

51. If the Board refuses to register a transfer of any share, it shall, within two months after the date on which the transfer was lodged with the Company, send to each of the transferor and transferee notice of the refusal.

 

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52. The registration of transfers of shares or of any class of shares may, after compliance with any notice requirement of the Designated Stock Exchange, be suspended at such times and for such periods (not exceeding in the whole thirty (30) days in any year) as the Board may determine. The period of thirty (30) days may be extended for a further period or periods not exceeding thirty (30) days in respect of any year if approved by the Members by ordinary resolution.

 

TRANSMISSION OF SHARES

 

53. If a Member dies, the survivor or survivors where the deceased was a joint holder, and his legal personal representatives where he was a sole or only surviving holder, will be the only persons recognised by the Company as having any title to his interest in the shares; but nothing in this Article will release the estate of a deceased Member (whether sole or joint) from any liability in respect of any share which had been solely or jointly held by him.

 

54. Any person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy or winding-up of a Member may, upon such evidence as to his title being produced as may be required by the Board, elect either to become the holder of the share or to have some person nominated by him registered as the transferee thereof. If he elects to become the holder he shall notify the Company in writing either at the Registration Office or the Office, as the case may be, to that effect. If he elects to have another person registered he shall execute a transfer of the share in favour of that person. The provisions of these Articles relating to the transfer and registration of transfers of shares shall apply to such notice or transfer as aforesaid as if the death or bankruptcy of the Member had not occurred and the notice or transfer were a transfer signed by such Member.

 

55. A person becoming entitled to a share by reason of the death or bankruptcy or winding-up of a Member shall be entitled to the same dividends and other advantages to which he would be entitled if he were the registered holder of the share. However, the Board may, if it thinks fit, withhold the payment of any dividend payable or other advantages in respect of such share until such person shall become the registered holder of the share or shall have effectually transferred such share, but, subject to the requirements of Article 76(2) being met, such a person may vote at meetings.

 

UNTRACEABLE MEMBERS

 

56. (1) Without prejudice to the rights of the Company under paragraph (2) of this Article 56, the Company may cease sending cheques for dividend entitlements or dividend warrants by post if such cheques or warrants have been left uncashed on two consecutive occasions. However, the Company may exercise the power to cease sending cheques for dividend entitlements or dividend warrants after the first occasion on which such a cheque or warrant is returned undelivered.

 

(2) The Company shall have the power to sell, in such manner as the Board thinks fit, any shares of a Member who is untraceable, but no such sale shall be made unless:

 

(a)all cheques or warrants in respect of dividends of the shares in question, being not less than three in total number, for any sum payable in cash to the holder of such shares in respect of them sent during the relevant period in the manner authorised by the Articles have remained uncashed;

 

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(b)so far as it is aware at the end of the relevant period, the Company has not at any time during the relevant period received any indication of the existence of the Member who is the holder of such shares or of a person entitled to such shares by death, bankruptcy or operation of law; and

 

(c)the Company, if so required by the rules governing the listing of shares on the Designated Stock Exchange, has given notice to, and caused advertisement in newspapers to be made in accordance with the requirements of, the Designated Stock Exchange of its intention to sell such shares in the manner required by the Designated Stock Exchange, and a period of three (3) months or such shorter period as may be allowed by the Designated Stock Exchange has elapsed since the date of such advertisement.

 

For the purpose of the foregoing, the “relevant period” means the period commencing twelve (12) years before the date of publication of the advertisement referred to in paragraph (c) of this Article and ending at the expiry of the period referred to in that paragraph.

 

(3) To give effect to any such sale the Board may authorise some person to transfer the said shares and an instrument of transfer signed or otherwise executed by or on behalf of such person shall be as effective as if it had been executed by the registered holder or the person entitled by transmission to such shares, and the purchaser shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale. The net proceeds of the sale will belong to the Company and upon receipt by the Company of such net proceeds it shall become indebted to the former Member for an amount equal to such net proceeds. No trust shall be created in respect of such debt and no interest shall be payable in respect of it and the Company shall not be required to account for any money earned from the net proceeds which may be employed in the business of the Company or as it thinks fit. Any sale under this Article shall be valid and effective notwithstanding that the Member holding the shares sold is dead, bankrupt or otherwise under any legal disability or incapacity.

 

GENERAL MEETINGS

 

57. The Company shall, if required by the Statute, in each year hold a general meeting as its annual general meeting, and shall specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it. An annual general meeting of the Company shall be held at such time and place as may be determined by the Board.

 

58. Each general meeting, other than an annual general meeting, shall be called an extraordinary general meeting. General meetings may be held at such times and in any location in the world as may be determined by the Board. Notwithstanding any provisions in these Articles, any general meeting or any class meeting may be held by means of such telephone, electronic or other communication facilities as to permit all persons participating in the meeting to communicate with each other, and participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence at such meeting. Unless otherwise determined by the Directors, the manner of convening and the proceedings at a general meeting set out in these Articles shall, mutatis mutandis, apply to a general meeting held wholly by or in-combination with electronic means.

 

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59. A majority of the Board or the Chairman of the Board may call extraordinary general meetings, which extraordinary general meetings shall be held at such times and locations (as permitted hereby) as such person or persons shall determine.

 

NOTICE OF GENERAL MEETINGS

 

60. (1) An annual general meeting and any extraordinary general meeting may be called by not less than ten (10) clear days’ Notice but a general meeting may be called by shorter notice, subject to the Act, if it is so agreed:

 

(a)in the case of a meeting called as an annual general meeting, by all the Members entitled to attend and vote thereat; and

 

(b)in the case of any other meeting, by a majority in number of the Members having the right to attend and vote at the meeting, being a majority together holding not less than ninety-five per cent. (95%) of the voting rights of the issued shares giving that right.

 

(2) The notice shall specify the time and place of the meeting and, in case of special business, the general nature of the business. The notice convening an annual general meeting shall specify the meeting as such. Notice of every general meeting shall be given to all Members other than to such Members as, under the provisions of these Articles or the terms of issue of the shares they hold, are not entitled to receive such notices from the Company, to all persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy or winding-up of a Member and to each of the Directors.

 

61. The accidental omission to give Notice of a meeting or (in cases where instruments of proxy are sent out with the Notice) to send such instrument of proxy to, or the non-receipt of such Notice or such instrument of proxy by, any person entitled to receive such Notice shall not invalidate any resolution passed or the proceedings at that meeting.

 

PROCEEDINGS AT GENERAL MEETINGS

 

62. (1) All business shall be deemed special that is transacted at an extraordinary general meeting, and also all business that is transacted at an annual general meeting, with the exception of:

 

(a)the declaration and sanctioning of dividends; and

 

(b)consideration and adoption of the accounts and balance sheet and the reports of the Directors and Auditors and other documents required to be annexed to the balance sheet.

 

(2) No business other than the appointment of a chairman of a meeting shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present at the commencement of the business. At any general meeting of the Company, two (2) Members entitled to vote and present in person or by proxy or (in the case of a Member being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative representing not less than one-third of the voting rights of the total issued voting shares in the Company throughout the meeting shall form a quorum for all purposes.

 

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63. If within thirty (30) minutes (or such longer time not exceeding one hour as the chairman of the meeting may determine to wait) after the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and place or to such time and place as the Board may determine. If at such adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for holding the meeting, the meeting shall be dissolved.

 

64. The Chairman of the Board shall preside as chairman at every general meeting. If at any meeting the chairman is not present within fifteen (15) minutes after the time appointed for holding the meeting, or is not willing to act as chairman, the Directors present shall choose one of their number to act, or if one Director only is present he shall preside as chairman if willing to act. If no Director is present, or if each of the Directors present declines to take the chair, or if the chairman chosen shall retire from the chair, the Members present in person or by its duly authorised representative or by proxy and entitled to vote shall elect one of their number to be chairman.

 

65. Prior to the holding of a general meeting, the Board may postpone, and at a general meeting, the chairman, may (without consent of the meeting) or shall at the direction of the meeting adjourn the meeting, from time to time and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned or postponed meeting other than the business which might lawfully have been transacted at the meeting had the adjournment or postponement not taken place. When a meeting is adjourned or postponed for fourteen (14) days or more, at least seven (7) clear days’ notice of the adjourned or postponed meeting shall be given specifying the time and place of the adjourned or postponed meeting but it shall not be necessary to specify in such notice the nature of the business to be transacted at the adjourned or postponed meeting and the general nature of the business to be transacted. Save as aforesaid, it shall be unnecessary to give notice of an adjournment or postponement.

 

66. If an amendment is proposed to any resolution under consideration but is in good faith ruled out of order by the chairman of the meeting, the proceedings on the substantive resolution shall not be invalidated by any error in such ruling. In the case of a resolution duly proposed as a special resolution, no amendment thereto (other than a mere clerical amendment to correct a patent error) may in any event be considered or voted upon.

 

VOTING

 

67. Holders of shares have the right to receive notice of, attend, speak and vote at general meetings of the Company. Subject to any special rights or restrictions as to voting for the time being attached to any shares by or in accordance with these Articles, at any general meeting on a show of hands every Member present in person (or being a corporation, is present by a duly authorised representative), or by proxy shall have one vote and on a poll every Member present in person or by proxy or, in the case of a Member being a corporation, by its duly authorised representative shall have one vote for every fully paid share (subject to any special rights conferred on the holders of any other shares or class of shares, including the Management Shares which are entitled to 1,000,000 votes each share) of which he is the holder but so that no amount paid up or credited as paid up on a share in advance of calls or instalments is treated for the foregoing purposes as paid up on the share. Notwithstanding anything contained in these Articles, where more than one proxy is appointed by a Member which is a clearing house or a central depository house (or its nominee(s)), each such proxy shall have one vote on a show of hands. A resolution put to the vote of a meeting shall be decided on a poll save that the chairman of the meeting may, in good faith, allow a resolution which relates purely to a procedural or administrative matter to be voted on by a show of hands. Notwithstanding the aforesaid, where the chairman of the meeting allows a resolution which relates to a procedural or administrative matter to be voted on by a show of hands, a poll may be demanded:

 

(a)by at least three Members present in person or (in the case of a Member being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative or by proxy for the time being entitled to vote at the meeting; or

 

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(b)by a Member or Members present in person or (in the case of a Member being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative or by proxy and representing not less than one tenth of the total voting rights of all Members having the right to vote at the meeting; or

 

(c)by a Member or Members present in person or (in the case of a Member being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative or by proxy and holding shares in the Company conferring a right to vote at the meeting being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one tenth of the total sum paid up on all shares conferring that right.

 

A demand by a person as proxy for a Member or in the case of a Member being a corporation by its duly authorised representative shall be deemed to be the same as a demand by a Member. Votes (whether on a show of hands or by way of poll) may be cast by such means, electronic or otherwise, as the Directors or the chairman of the meeting may determine.

 

68. Unless a poll is duly demanded and the demand is not withdrawn, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has been carried, or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or not carried by a particular majority, or lost, and an entry to that effect made in the minute book of the Company, shall be conclusive evidence of the facts without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded for or against the resolution.

 

69. The Company shall only be required to disclose the voting figures on a poll if such disclosure is required by the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange.

 

70. A poll demanded shall be taken forthwith.

 

71. The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuance of a meeting or the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll has been demanded, and, with the consent of the chairman, it may be withdrawn at any time before the close of the meeting or the taking of the poll, whichever is the earlier.

 

72. Votes may be given either personally or by proxy.

 

73. A person entitled to more than one vote on a poll need not use all his votes or cast all the votes he uses in the same way.

 

74. All questions submitted to a meeting shall be decided by a simple majority of votes except where a greater majority is required by these Articles, by the Act or the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange. In the case of an equality of votes, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, the chairman of such meeting shall be entitled to a second or casting vote in addition to any other vote he may have.

 

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75. Where there are joint holders of any share any one of such joint holders may vote, either in person or by proxy, in respect of such share as if he were solely entitled thereto, but if more than one of such joint holders be present at any meeting the vote of the senior holder who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders, and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the Register in respect of the joint holding. Several executors or administrators of a deceased Member in whose name any share stands shall for the purposes of this Article be deemed joint holders thereof.

 

76. (1) A Member who is a patient for any purpose relating to mental health or in respect of whom an order has been made by any court having jurisdiction for the protection or management of the affairs of persons incapable of managing their own affairs may vote, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, by his receiver, committee, curator bonis or other person in the nature of a receiver, committee or curator bonis appointed by such court, and such receiver, committee, curator bonis or other person may vote on a poll by proxy, and may otherwise act and be treated as if he were the registered holder of such shares for the purposes of general meetings, provided that such evidence as the Board may require of the authority of the person claiming to vote shall have been deposited at the Office, head office or Registration Office, as appropriate, not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the time appointed for holding the meeting, or adjourned meeting or poll, as the case may be.

 

(2) Any person entitled under Article 54 to be registered as the holder of any shares may vote at any general meeting in respect thereof in the same manner as if he were the registered holder of such shares, provided that forty-eight (48) hours at least before the time of the holding of the meeting or adjourned meeting, as the case may be, at which he proposes to vote, he shall satisfy the Board of his entitlement to such shares, or the Board shall have previously admitted his right to vote at such meeting in respect thereof.

 

77. No Member shall, unless the Board otherwise determines, be entitled to attend and vote and to be reckoned in a quorum at any general meeting unless he is duly registered and all calls or other sums presently payable by him in respect of shares in the Company have been paid.

 

78. If:

 

(a)any objection shall be raised to the qualification of any voter; or

 

(b)any votes have been counted which ought not to have been counted or which might have been rejected; or

 

(c)any votes are not counted which ought to have been counted;

 

the objection or error shall not vitiate the decision of the meeting or adjourned meeting on any resolution unless the same is raised or pointed out at the meeting or, as the case may be, the adjourned meeting at which the vote objected to is given or tendered or at which the error occurs. Any objection or error shall be referred to the chairman of the meeting and shall only vitiate the decision of the meeting on any resolution if the chairman decides that the same may have affected the decision of the meeting. The decision of the chairman on such matters shall be final and conclusive.

 

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PROXIES

 

79. Any Member entitled to attend and vote at a meeting of the Company shall be entitled to appoint another person as his proxy to attend and vote instead of him. A Member who is the holder of two or more shares may appoint more than one proxy to represent him and vote on his behalf at a general meeting of the Company or at a class meeting. A proxy need not be a Member. In addition, a proxy or proxies representing either a Member who is an individual or a Member which is a corporation shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the Member which he or they represent as such Member could exercise.

 

80. The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointor or of his attorney duly authorised in writing or, if the appointor is a corporation, either under its seal or under the hand of an officer, attorney or other person authorised to sign the same. In the case of an instrument of proxy purporting to be signed on behalf of a corporation by an officer thereof it shall be assumed, unless the contrary appears, that such officer was duly authorised to sign such instrument of proxy on behalf of the corporation without further evidence of the facts.

 

81. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the instrument appointing a proxy and (if required by the Board) the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is signed, or a certified copy of such power or authority, shall be delivered to such place or one of such places (if any) as may be specified for that purpose in or by way of note to or in any document accompanying the notice convening the meeting (or, if no place is so specified at the Registration Office or the Office, as may be appropriate) not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the time appointed for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote or, in the case of a poll taken subsequently to the date of a meeting or adjourned meeting, not less than twenty-four (24) hours before the time appointed for the taking of the poll and in default the instrument of proxy shall not be treated as valid. No instrument appointing a proxy shall be valid after the expiration of twelve (12) months from the date named in it as the date of its execution, except at an adjourned meeting or on a poll demanded at a meeting or an adjourned meeting in cases where the meeting was originally held within twelve (12) months from such date. Delivery of an instrument appointing a proxy shall not preclude a Member from attending and voting in person at the meeting convened and in such event, the instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to be revoked.

 

82. Instruments of proxy shall be in any common form or in such other form as the Board may approve (provided that this shall not preclude the use of the two-way form) and the Board may, if it thinks fit, send out with the notice of any meeting forms of instrument of proxy for use at the meeting. The instrument of proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to demand or join in demanding a poll and to vote on any amendment of a resolution put to the meeting for which it is given as the proxy thinks fit. The instrument of proxy shall, unless the contrary is stated therein, be valid as well for any adjournment of the meeting as for the meeting to which it relates.

 

83. A vote given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or insanity of the principal, or revocation of the instrument of proxy or of the authority under which it was executed, provided that no intimation in writing of such death, insanity or revocation shall have been received by the Company at the Office or the Registration Office (or such other place as may be specified for the delivery of instruments of proxy in the notice convening the meeting or other document sent therewith) two (2) hours at least before the commencement of the meeting or adjourned meeting, or the taking of the poll, at which the instrument of proxy is used.

 

84. Anything which under these Articles a Member may do by proxy he may likewise do by his duly appointed attorney and the provisions of these Articles relating to proxies and instruments appointing proxies shall apply mutatis mutandis in relation to any such attorney and the instrument under which such attorney is appointed.

 

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CORPORATIONS ACTING BY REPRESENTATIVES

 

85. (1) Any corporation which is a Member may by resolution of its directors or other governing body authorise such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company or at any meeting of any class of Members. The person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of such corporation as the corporation could exercise if it were an individual Member and such corporation shall for the purposes of these Articles be deemed to be present in person at any such meeting if a person so authorised is present thereat.

 

(2) If a clearing house (or its nominee(s)) or a central depository entity (or its nominee(s)), being a corporation, is a Member, it may authorise such persons as it thinks fit to act as its representatives at any meeting of the Company or at any meeting of any class of Members provided that the authorisation shall specify the number and class of shares in respect of which each such representative is so authorised. Each person so authorised under the provisions of this Article shall be deemed to have been duly authorised without further evidence of the facts and be entitled to exercise the same rights and powers on behalf of the clearing house or a central depository entity (or its nominee(s)) as if such person was the registered holder of the shares of the Company held by the clearing house or a central depository entity (or its nominee(s)) including the right to vote individually on a show of hands.

 

(3) Any reference in these Articles to a duly authorised representative of a Member being a corporation shall mean a representative authorised under the provisions of this Article.

 

WRITTEN RESOLUTIONS OF MEMBERS

 

86. An action that may be taken by the Members (or Members of a class of shares) at a meeting (or a class meeting) may also be taken by a resolution consented to in writing, without the need for any notice, but if any resolution of Members (or Members of a class of shares) is adopted otherwise than by the unanimous written consent of all Members (or all Members of a class of shares), a copy of such resolution shall forthwith be sent to all Members (or all Members of a class of shares) not consenting to such resolution. The consent may be in the form of counterparts, each counterpart being signed by one or more Members. If the consent is in one or more counterparts, and the counterparts bear different dates, then the resolution shall take effect on the earliest date upon which Members (or Members of a class of shares) holding a sufficient number of votes of shares to constitute a valid resolution of Members have consented to the resolution by signed counterparts. For the avoidance of doubt, a special resolution must be consented to by all Members entitled to vote in accordance with the Act.

 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

87. (1) Unless otherwise determined by the Company in general meeting, the number of Directors shall not be less than two (2). There shall be no maximum number of Directors unless otherwise determined from time to time by the Board. For so long as the shares are listed on the Designated Stock Exchange, the Directors shall include such number of Independent Directors as applicable law, rules or regulations or the Designated Stock Exchange require, unless the Board resolves to follow any available exceptions or exemptions. The Directors shall be elected or appointed in accordance with Article 87 and 88 and shall hold office until the expiration of his term or until their successors are elected or appointed.

 

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(2) Subject to the Articles and the Act, the Company may by ordinary resolution elect any person to be a Director either to fill a casual vacancy or as an addition to the existing Board.

 

(3) The Directors shall have the power from time to time and at any time to appoint any person as a Director to fill a casual vacancy on the Board or as an addition to the existing Board subject to the Company’s compliance with director nomination procedures required under the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange as long as shares are listed on the Designated Stock Exchange, unless the Board resolves to follow any available exceptions or exemptions.

 

(4) No Director shall be required to hold any shares of the Company by way of qualification and a Director who is not a Member shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and speak at any general meeting of the Company and of all classes of shares of the Company.

 

(5) Subject to any provision to the contrary in these Articles, a Director may be removed by way of an ordinary resolution of the Members at any time before the expiration of his period of office notwithstanding anything in these Articles or in any agreement between the Company and such Director (but without prejudice to any claim for damages under any such agreement).

 

(6) A vacancy on the Board created by the removal of a Director under the provisions of subparagraph (5) above may be filled by the election or appointment by ordinary resolution of the Members at the meeting at which such Director is removed or by the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the remaining Directors present and voting at a Board meeting.

 

(7) The Company may from time to time in general meeting by ordinary resolution increase or reduce the number of Directors but so that the number of Directors shall never be less than two (2).

 

DISQUALIFICATION OF DIRECTORS

 

88. The office of a Director shall be vacated if the Director:

 

(1) resigns his office by notice in writing delivered to the Company at the Office or tendered at a meeting of the Board;

 

(2) becomes of unsound mind or dies;

 

(3) without special leave of absence from the Board, is absent from meetings of the Board for three consecutive meetings and the Board resolves that his office be vacated;

 

(4) becomes bankrupt or has a receiving order made against him or suspends payment or compounds with his creditors;

 

(5) is prohibited by law from being a Director; or

 

(6) ceases to be a Director by virtue of any provision of the Statutes or is removed from office pursuant to these Articles.

 

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EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

 

89. The Board may from time to time appoint any one or more of its body to be a managing director, joint managing director or deputy managing director or to hold any other employment or executive office with the Company for such period (subject to their continuance as Directors) and upon such terms as the Board may determine and the Board may revoke or terminate any of such appointments. Any such revocation or termination as aforesaid shall be without prejudice to any claim for damages that such Director may have against the Company or the Company may have against such Director. A Director appointed to an office under this Article 91 shall be subject to the same provisions as to removal as the other Directors of the Company, and he shall (subject to the provisions of any contract between him and the Company) ipso facto and immediately cease to hold such office if he shall cease to hold the office of Director for any cause.

 

90. Notwithstanding Articles 95, 96, 97 and 98, an executive director appointed to an office under Article 89 hereof shall receive such remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise or by all or any of those modes) and such other benefits (including pension and/or gratuity and/or other benefits on retirement) and allowances as the Board may from time to time determine, and either in addition to or in lieu of his remuneration as a Director.

 

ALTERNATE DIRECTORS

 

91. Any Director may at any time by Notice delivered to the Office or head office or at a meeting of the Directors appoint any person (including another Director) to be his alternate Director. Any person so appointed shall have all the rights and powers of the Director or Directors for whom such person is appointed in the alternative provided that such person shall not be counted more than once in determining whether or not a quorum is present. An alternate Director may be removed at any time by the body which appointed him and, subject thereto, the office of alternate Director shall continue until the happening of any event which, if he were a Director, would cause him to vacate such office or if his appointer ceases for any reason to be a Director. Any appointment or removal of an alternate Director shall be effected by Notice signed by the appointor and delivered to the Office or head office or tendered at a meeting of the Board. An alternate Director may also be a Director in his own right and may act as alternate to more than one Director. An alternate Director shall, if his appointor so requests, be entitled to receive notices of meetings of the Board or of committees of the Board to the same extent as, but in lieu of, the Director appointing him and shall be entitled to such extent to attend and vote as a Director at any such meeting at which the Director appointing him is not personally present and generally at such meeting to exercise and discharge all the functions, powers and duties of his appointor as a Director and for the purposes of the proceedings at such meeting the provisions of these Articles shall apply as if he were a Director save that as an alternate for more than one Director his voting rights shall be cumulative.

 

92. An alternate Director shall only be a Director for the purposes of the Act and shall only be subject to the provisions of the Act insofar as they relate to the duties and obligations of a Director when performing the functions of the Director for whom he is appointed in the alternative and shall alone be responsible to the Company for his acts and defaults and shall not be deemed to be the agent of or for the Director appointing him. An alternate Director shall be entitled to contract and be interested in and benefit from contracts or arrangements or transactions and to be repaid expenses and to be indemnified by the Company to the same extent mutatis mutandis as if he were a Director but he shall not be entitled to receive from the Company any fee in his capacity as an alternate Director except only such part, if any, of the remuneration otherwise payable to his appointor as such appointor may by Notice to the Company from time to time direct.

 

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93. Every person acting as an alternate Director shall have one vote for each Director for whom he acts as alternate (in addition to his own vote if he is also a Director). If his appointor is for the time being absent from the People’s Republic of China or otherwise not available or unable to act, the signature of an alternate Director to any resolution in writing of the Board or a committee of the Board of which his appointor is a member shall, unless the notice of his appointment provides to the contrary, be as effective as the signature of his appointor.

 

94. An alternate Director shall ipso facto cease to be an alternate Director if his appointor ceases for any reason to be a Director, however, such alternate Director or any other person may be re-appointed by the Directors to serve as an alternate Director.

 

DIRECTORS’ FEES AND EXPENSES

 

95. The Directors shall receive such remuneration as the Board may from time to time determine. Each Director shall be entitled to be repaid or prepaid all traveling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred by him in attending meetings of the Board or committees of the board or general meetings or separate meetings of any class of shares or of debenture of the Company or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his duties as a Director.

 

96. Each Director shall be entitled to be repaid or prepaid all travelling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred by him in attending meetings of the Board or committees of the Board or general meetings or separate meetings of any class of shares or of debentures of the Company or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his duties as a Director.

 

97. Any Director who, by request, goes or resides abroad for any purpose of the Company or who performs services which in the opinion of the Board go beyond the ordinary duties of a Director may be paid such extra remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) as the Board may determine and such extra remuneration shall be in addition to or in substitution for any ordinary remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article.

 

98. The Board shall determine any payment to any Director or past Director of the Company by way of compensation for loss of office, or as consideration for or in connection with his retirement from office (not being payment to which the Director is contractually entitled).

 

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DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS

 

99. A Director may:

 

(a)hold any other office or place of profit with the Company (except that of Auditor) in conjunction with his office of Director for such period and upon such terms as the Board may determine. Any remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) paid to any Director in respect of any such other office or place of profit shall be in addition to any remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article;

 

(b)act by himself or his firm in a professional capacity for the Company (otherwise than as Auditor) and he or his firm may be remunerated for professional services as if he were not a Director;

 

(c)continue to be or become a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer or member of any other company promoted by the Company or in which the Company may be interested as a vendor, shareholder or otherwise and (unless otherwise agreed) no such Director shall be accountable for any remuneration, profits or other benefits received by him as a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer or member of or from his interests in any such other company. Subject as otherwise provided by these Articles the Directors may exercise or cause to be exercised the voting powers conferred by the shares in any other company held or owned by the Company, or exercisable by them as Directors of such other company in such manner in all respects as they think fit (including the exercise thereof in favour of any resolution appointing themselves or any of them directors, managing directors, joint managing directors, deputy managing directors, executive directors, managers or other officers of such company) or voting or providing for the payment of remuneration to the director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officers of such other company and any Director may vote in favour of the exercise of such voting rights in manner aforesaid notwithstanding that he may be, or about to be, appointed a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer of such a company, and that as such he is or may become interested in the exercise of such voting rights in manner aforesaid.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Independent Director shall without the consent of the Audit Committee take any of the foregoing actions or any other action that would reasonably be likely to affect such Director’s status as an Independent Director.

 

100. Subject to the Act and to these Articles, no Director or proposed or intending Director shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Company, either with regard to his tenure of any office or place of profit or as vendor, purchaser or in any other manner whatsoever, nor shall any such contract or any other contract or arrangement in which any Director is in any way interested be liable to be avoided, nor shall any Director so contracting or being so interested be liable to account to the Company or the Members for any remuneration, profit or other benefits realised by any such contract or arrangement by reason of such Director holding that office or of the fiduciary relationship thereby established provided that such Director shall disclose the nature of his interest in any contract or arrangement in which he is interested in accordance with Article 101 herein. Any such transaction that would reasonably be likely to affect a Director’s status as an Independent Director, or that would constitute a “related party transaction” as defined by the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange or under applicable laws, shall require the approval of the Audit Committee.

 

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101. A Director who to his knowledge is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or arrangement or proposed contract or arrangement with the Company shall declare the nature of his interest at the meeting of the Board at which the question of entering into the contract or arrangement is first considered, if he knows his interest then exists, or in any other case at the first meeting of the Board after he knows that he is or has become so interested. For the purposes of this Article, a general Notice to the Board by a Director to the effect that:

 

(a)he is a member or officer of a specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the Notice be made with that company or firm; or

 

(b)he is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the Notice be made with a specified person who is connected with him;

 

shall be deemed to be a sufficient declaration of interest under this Article in relation to any such contract or arrangement, provided that no such Notice shall be effective unless either it is given at a meeting of the Board or the Director takes reasonable steps to secure that it is brought up and read at the next Board meeting after it is given.

 

102. Following a declaration being made pursuant to the last preceding two Articles, subject to any separate requirement for Audit Committee approval under applicable law or the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, and unless disqualified by the chairman of the relevant Board meeting, a Director may vote in respect of any contract or proposed contract or arrangement in which such Director is interested and may be counted in the quorum at such meeting.

 

GENERAL POWERS OF THE DIRECTORS

 

103. (1) The business of the Company shall be managed and conducted by the Board, which may pay all expenses incurred in forming and registering the Company and may exercise all powers of the Company (whether relating to the management of the business of the Company or otherwise) which are not by the Statutes or by these Articles required to be exercised by the Company in general meeting, subject nevertheless to the provisions of the Statutes and of these Articles and to such regulations being not inconsistent with such provisions, as may be prescribed by the Company in general meeting, but no regulations made by the Company in general meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the Board which would have been valid if such regulations had not been made. The general powers given by this Article shall not be limited or restricted by any special authority or power given to the Board by any other Article.

 

(2) Any person contracting or dealing with the Company in the ordinary course of business shall be entitled to rely on any written or oral contract or agreement or deed, document or instrument entered into or executed as the case may be by any one Director on behalf of the Company and the same shall be deemed to be validly entered into or executed by the Company as the case may be and shall, subject to any rule of law, be binding on the Company.

 

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(3) Without prejudice to the general powers conferred by these Articles it is hereby expressly declared that the Board shall have the following powers:

 

(a)to give to any person the right or option of requiring at a future date that an allotment shall be made to him of any share at par or at such premium as may be agreed;

 

(b)to give to any Directors, officers or employees of the Company an interest in any particular business or transaction or participation in the profits thereof or in the general profits of the Company either in addition to or in substitution for a salary or other remuneration; and

 

(c)to resolve that the Company be deregistered in the Cayman Islands and continued in a named jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands subject to the provisions of the Act.

 

104. The Board may establish any regional or local boards or agencies for managing any of the affairs of the Company in any place, and may appoint any persons to be members of such local boards, or any managers or agents, and may fix their remuneration (either by way of salary or by commission or by conferring the right to participation in the profits of the Company or by a combination of two or more of these modes) and pay the working expenses of any staff employed by them upon the business of the Company. The Board may delegate to any regional or local board, manager or agent any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in or exercisable by the Board (other than its powers to make calls and forfeit shares), with power to sub-delegate, and may authorise the members of any of them to fill any vacancies therein and to act notwithstanding vacancies. Any such appointment or delegation may be made upon such terms and subject to such conditions as the Board may think fit, and the Board may remove any person appointed as aforesaid, and may revoke or vary such delegation, but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of any such revocation or variation shall be affected thereby.

 

105. The Board may by power of attorney appoint any company, firm or person or any fluctuating body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Board, to be the attorney or attorneys of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Board under these Articles) and for such period and subject to such conditions as it may think fit, and any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of persons dealing with any such attorney as the Board may think fit, and may also authorise any such attorney to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in him. Such attorney or attorneys may, if so authorised under the Seal of the Company, execute any deed or instrument under their personal seal with the same effect as the affixation of the Company’s Seal.

 

106. The Board may entrust to and confer upon a managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, an executive director or any Director any of the powers exercisable by it upon such terms and conditions and with such restrictions as it thinks fit, and either collaterally with, or to the exclusion of, its own powers, and may from time to time revoke or vary all or any of such powers but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of such revocation or variation shall be affected thereby.

 

107. All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other instruments, whether negotiable or transferable or not, and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed, as the case may be, in such manner as the Board shall from time to time by resolution determine. The Company’s banking accounts shall be kept with such banker or bankers as the Board shall from time to time determine.

 

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108. (1) The Board may establish or concur or join with other companies (being subsidiary companies of the Company or companies with which it is associated in business) in establishing and making contributions out of the Company’s moneys to any schemes or funds for providing pensions, sickness or compassionate allowances, life assurance or other benefits for employees (which expression as used in this and the following paragraph shall include any Director or ex-Director who may hold or have held any executive office or any office of profit under the Company or any of its subsidiary companies) and ex-employees of the Company and their dependants or any class or classes of such person.

 

(2) The Board may pay, enter into agreements to pay or make grants of revocable or irrevocable pensions or other benefits to employees and ex-employees and their dependants, or to any of such persons, including pensions or benefits additional to those, if any, to which such employees or ex-employees or their dependants are or may become entitled under any such scheme or fund as mentioned in the last preceding paragraph. Any such pension or benefit may, as the Board considers desirable, be granted to an employee either before and in anticipation of or upon or at any time after his actual retirement, and may be subject or not subject to any terms or conditions as the Board may determine.

 

BORROWING POWERS

 

109. The Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to raise or borrow money and to mortgage or charge all or any part of the undertaking, property and assets (present and future) and uncalled capital of the Company and, subject to the Act, to issue debentures, bonds and other securities, whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party.

 

110. Debentures, bonds and other securities may be made assignable free from any equities between the Company and the person to whom the same may be issued.

 

111. Any debentures, bonds or other securities may be issued at a discount (other than shares), premium or otherwise and with any special privileges as to redemption, surrender, drawings, allotment of shares, attending and voting at general meetings of the Company, appointment of Directors and otherwise.

 

112. (1) Where any uncalled capital of the Company is charged, all persons taking any subsequent charge thereon shall take the same subject to such prior charge, and shall not be entitled, by notice to the Members or otherwise, to obtain priority over such prior charge.

 

(2) The Board shall cause a proper register to be kept, in accordance with the provisions of the Act, of all charges specifically affecting the property of the Company and of any series of debentures issued by the Company and shall duly comply with the requirements of the Act in regard to the registration of charges and debentures therein specified and otherwise.

 

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE DIRECTORS

 

113. The Board may meet for the despatch of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate its meetings as it considers appropriate. Questions arising at any meeting shall be determined by a majority of votes. In the case of any equality of votes the chairman of the meeting shall have an additional or casting vote.

 

114. A meeting of the Board may be convened by the Secretary on request of a Director or by any Director. The Secretary shall convene a meeting of the Board of which notice may be given in writing or by telephone or in such other manner as the Board may from time to time determine whenever he shall be required so to do by the president or chairman, as the case may be, or any Director.

 

115. (1) The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the Board may be fixed by the Board and, unless so fixed at any other number, shall be two (2) of the Board. An alternate Director shall be counted in a quorum in the case of the absence of a Director for whom he is the alternate provided that he shall not be counted more than once for the purpose of determining whether or not a quorum is present.

 

(2) Directors may participate in any meeting of the Board by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment through which all persons participating in the meeting can communicate with each other simultaneously and instantaneously and, for the purpose of counting a quorum, such participation shall constitute presence at a meeting as if those participating were present in person.

 

(3) Any Director who ceases to be a Director at a Board meeting may continue to be present and to act as a Director and be counted in the quorum until the termination of such Board meeting if no other Director objects and if otherwise a quorum of Directors would not be present.

 

116. The continuing Directors or a sole continuing Director may act notwithstanding any vacancy in the Board but, if and so long as the number of Directors is reduced below the minimum number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles as the quorum, the continuing Directors or Director, notwithstanding that the number of Directors is below the number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles as the quorum or that there is only one continuing Director, may act for the purpose of filling vacancies in the Board or of summoning general meetings of the Company but not for any other purpose.

 

117. The Chairman of the Board shall be the chairman of all meetings of the Board. If the Chairman of the Board is not present at any meeting within five (5) minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the Directors present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.

 

118. A meeting of the Board at which a quorum is present shall be competent to exercise all the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in or exercisable by the Board.

 

119. (1) The Board may delegate any of its powers, authorities and discretions to committees (including, without limitation, the Audit Committee), consisting of such Director or Directors and other persons as it thinks fit, and they may, from time to time, revoke such delegation or revoke the appointment of and discharge any such committees either wholly or in part, and either as to persons or purposes. Any committee so formed shall, in the exercise of the powers, authorities and discretions so delegated, conform to any regulations which may be imposed on it by the Board.

 

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(2) All acts done by any such committee in conformity with such regulations, and in fulfilment of the purposes for which it was appointed, but not otherwise, shall have like force and effect as if done by the Board, and the Board (or if the Board delegates such power, the committee) shall have power to remunerate the members of any such committee, and charge such remuneration to the current expenses of the Company.

 

120. The meetings and proceedings of any committee consisting of two or more members shall be governed by the provisions contained in these Articles for regulating the meetings and proceedings of the Board so far as the same are applicable and are not superseded by any regulations imposed by the Board under the last preceding Article, indicating, without limitation, any committee charter adopted by the Board for purposes or in respect of any such committee.

 

121. A resolution in writing signed by all the Directors except such as are temporarily unable to act through ill-health or disability shall (provided that such number is sufficient to constitute a quorum and further provided that a copy of such resolution has been given or the contents thereof communicated to all the Directors for the time being entitled to receive notices of Board meetings in the same manner as notices of meetings are required to be given by these Articles) be as valid and effectual as if a resolution had been passed at a meeting of the Board duly convened and held. Such resolution may be contained in one document or in several documents in like form each signed by one or more of the Directors and for this purpose a facsimile signature of a Director shall be treated as valid.

 

122. All acts bona fide done by the Board or by any committee or by any person acting as a Director or members of a committee, shall, notwithstanding that it is afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any member of the Board or such committee or person acting as aforesaid or that they or any of them were disqualified or had vacated office, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified and had continued to be a Director or member of such committee.

 

AUDIT COMMITTEE

 

123. Without prejudice to the freedom of the Directors to establish any other committees, for so long as the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on the Designated Stock Exchange, the Board shall establish and maintain an Audit Committee as a committee of the Board, the composition and responsibilities of which shall comply with the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange and the rules and regulations of the SEC.

 

124. The Board shall adopt a formal written audit committee charter and review and assess the adequacy of the formal written charter on an annual basis.

 

125. For so long as the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on the Designated Stock Exchange, the Company shall conduct an appropriate review of all related party transactions on an ongoing basis and shall utilize the Audit Committee for the review and approval of potential conflicts of interest in accordance with the audit committee charter.

 

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OFFICERS

 

126. (1) The officers of the Company shall consist of the Chairman of the Board, the Directors and Secretary and such additional officers (who may or may not be Directors) as the Board may from time to time determine, all of whom shall be deemed to be officers for the purposes of the Act and these Articles. In addition to the officers of the Company, the Board may also from time to time determine and appoint managers and delegate to the same such powers and duties as are prescribed by the Board.

 

(2) The Directors shall, as soon as may be after each appointment or election of Directors, elect amongst the Directors a chairman and if more than one Director is proposed for this office, the election to such office shall take place in such manner as the Directors may determine.

 

(3) The officers shall receive such remuneration as the Directors may from time to time determine.

 

127. (1) The Secretary and additional officers, if any, shall be appointed by the Board and shall hold office on such terms and for such period as the Board may determine. If thought fit, two or more persons may be appointed as joint Secretaries. The Board may also appoint from time to time on such terms as it thinks fit one or more assistant or deputy Secretaries.

 

(2) The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Members and shall keep correct minutes of such meetings and enter the same in the proper books provided for the purpose. He shall perform such other duties as are prescribed by the Act or these Articles or as may be prescribed by the Board.

 

128. The officers of the Company shall have such powers and perform such duties in the management, business and affairs of the Company as may be delegated to them by the Directors from time to time.

 

129. A provision of the Act or of these Articles requiring or authorising a thing to be done by or to a Director and the Secretary shall not be satisfied by its being done by or to the same person acting both as Director and as or in place of the Secretary.

 

REGISTER OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

 

130. The Company shall cause to be kept in one or more books at its Office a Register of Directors and Officers in which there shall be entered the full names and addresses of the Directors and Officers and such other particulars as required by the Act or as the Directors may determine. The Company shall send to the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands a copy of such register, and shall from time to time notify to the said Registrar of any change that takes place in relation to such Directors and Officers as required by the Act.

 

MINUTES

 

131. (1) The Board shall cause minutes to be duly entered in books provided for the purpose:

 

(a)of all elections and appointments of officers;

 

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(b)of the names of the Directors present at each meeting of the Directors and of any committee of the Directors;

 

(c)of all resolutions and proceedings of each general meeting of the Members, meetings of the Board and meetings of committees of the Board and where there are managers, of all proceedings of meetings of the managers.

 

(2)Minutes shall be kept by the Secretary at the Office.

 

SEAL

 

132. (1) The Company shall have one or more Seals, as the Board may determine. For the purpose of sealing documents creating or evidencing securities issued by the Company, the Company may have a securities seal which is a facsimile of the Seal of the Company with the addition of the word “Securities” on its face or in such other form as the Board may approve. The Board shall provide for the custody of each Seal and no Seal shall be used without the authority of the Board or of a committee of the Board authorised by the Board in that behalf. Subject as otherwise provided in these Articles, any instrument to which a Seal is affixed shall be signed autographically by one Director or by such other person (including a Director) or persons as the Board may appoint, either generally or in any particular case, save that as regards any certificates for shares or debentures or other securities of the Company the Board may by resolution determine that such signatures or either of them shall be dispensed with or affixed by some method or system of mechanical signature. Every instrument executed in manner provided by this Article 132 shall be deemed to be sealed and executed with the authority of the Board previously given.

 

(2) Where the Company has a Seal for use abroad, the Board may by writing under the Seal appoint any agent or committee abroad to be the duly authorised agent of the Company for the purpose of affixing and using such Seal and the Board may impose restrictions on the use thereof as may be thought fit. Wherever in these Articles reference is made to the Seal, the reference shall, when and so far as may be applicable, be deemed to include any such other Seal as aforesaid.

 

AUTHENTICATION OF DOCUMENTS

 

133. Any Director or the Secretary or any person appointed by the Board for the purpose may authenticate any documents affecting the constitution of the Company and any resolution passed by the Company or the Board or any committee, and any books, records, documents and accounts relating to the business of the Company, and to certify copies thereof or extracts therefrom as true copies or extracts, and if any books, records, documents or accounts are elsewhere than at the Office or the head office the local manager or other officer of the Company having the custody thereof shall be deemed to be a person so appointed by the Board. A document purporting to be a copy of a resolution, or an extract from the minutes of a meeting, of the Company or of the Board or any committee which is so certified shall be conclusive evidence in favour of all persons dealing with the Company upon the faith thereof that such resolution has been duly passed or, as the case may be, that such minutes or extract is a true and accurate record of proceedings at a duly constituted meeting.

 

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DESTRUCTION OF DOCUMENTS

 

134. (1) The Company shall be entitled to destroy the following documents at the following times:

 

(a)any share certificate which has been cancelled at any time after the expiry of one (1) year from the date of such cancellation;

 

(b)any dividend mandate or any variation or cancellation thereof or any notification of change of name or address at any time after the expiry of two (2) years from the date such mandate variation cancellation or notification was recorded by the Company;

 

(c)any instrument of transfer of shares which has been registered at any time after the expiry of seven (7) years from the date of registration;

 

(d)any allotment letters after the expiry of seven (7) years from the date of issue thereof; and

 

(e)copies of powers of attorney, grants of probate and letters of administration at any time after the expiry of seven (7) years after the account to which the relevant power of attorney, grant of probate or letters of administration related has been closed;

 

and it shall conclusively be presumed in favour of the Company that every entry in the Register purporting to be made on the basis of any such documents so destroyed was duly and properly made and every share certificate so destroyed was a valid certificate duly and properly cancelled and that every instrument of transfer so destroyed was a valid and effective instrument duly and properly registered and that every other document destroyed hereunder was a valid and effective document in accordance with the recorded particulars thereof in the books or records of the Company. Provided always that: (1) the foregoing provisions of this Article 134 shall apply only to the destruction of a document in good faith and without express notice to the Company that the preservation of such document was relevant to a claim; (2) nothing contained in this Article 134 shall be construed as imposing upon the Company any liability in respect of the destruction of any such document earlier than as aforesaid or in any case where the conditions of proviso (1) above are not fulfilled; and (3) references in this Article 134 to the destruction of any document include references to its disposal in any manner.

 

(2) Notwithstanding any provision contained in these Articles, the Directors may, if permitted by applicable law, authorise the destruction of documents set out in sub-paragraphs (a) to (e) of paragraph (1) of this Article 134 and any other documents in relation to share registration which have been microfilmed or electronically stored by the Company or by the share registrar on its behalf provided always that this Article shall apply only to the destruction of a document in good faith and without express notice to the Company and its share registrar that the preservation of such document was relevant to a claim.

 

DIVIDENDS AND OTHER PAYMENTS

 

135. Subject to the Act, the Board may from time to time declare dividends in any currency to be paid to the Members.

 

136. Dividends may be declared and paid out of the profits of the Company, realised or unrealised, or from any reserve set aside from profits which the Directors determine is no longer needed. The Board may also declare and pay dividends out of share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorised for this purpose in accordance with the Act.

 

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137. Except in so far as the rights attaching to, or the terms of issue of, any share otherwise provide:

 

(a)all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares in respect of which the dividend is paid, but no amount paid up on a share in advance of calls shall be treated for the purposes of this Article as paid up on the share; and

 

(b)all dividends shall be apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid up on the shares during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid.

 

138. The Board may from time to time pay to the Members such interim dividends as appear to the Board to be justified by the profits of the Company and in particular (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) if at any time the share capital of the Company is divided into different classes, the Board may pay such interim dividends in respect of those shares in the capital of the Company which confer on the holders thereof deferred or non-preferential rights as well as in respect of those shares which confer on the holders thereof preferential rights with regard to dividend and provided that the Board acts bona fide the Board shall not incur any responsibility to the holders of shares conferring any preference for any damage that they may suffer by reason of the payment of an interim dividend on any shares having deferred or non-preferential rights and may also pay any fixed dividend which is payable on any shares of the Company half-yearly or on any other dates, whenever such profits, in the opinion of the Board, justifies such payment.

 

139. The Board may deduct from any dividend or other moneys payable to a Member by the Company on or in respect of any shares all sums of money (if any) presently payable by him to the Company on account of calls or otherwise.

 

140. No dividend or other moneys payable by the Company on or in respect of any share shall bear interest against the Company.

 

141. Any dividend, interest or other sum payable in cash to the holder of shares may be paid by cheque or warrant sent through the post addressed to the holder at his registered address or, in the case of joint holders, addressed to the holder whose name stands first in the Register in respect of the shares at his address as appearing in the Register or addressed to such person and at such address as the holder or joint holders may in writing direct. Every such cheque or warrant shall, unless the holder or joint holders otherwise direct, be made payable to the order of the holder or, in the case of joint holders, to the order of the holder whose name stands first on the Register in respect of such shares, and shall be sent at his or their risk and payment of the cheque or warrant by the bank on which it is drawn shall constitute a good discharge to the Company notwithstanding that it may subsequently appear that the same has been stolen or that any endorsement thereon has been forged. Any one of two or more joint holders may give effectual receipts for any dividends or other moneys payable or property distributable in respect of the shares held by such joint holders.

 

142. All dividends or bonuses unclaimed for one (1) year after having been declared may be invested or otherwise made use of by the Board for the benefit of the Company until claimed. Any dividend or bonuses unclaimed after a period of six (6) years from the date of declaration shall be forfeited and shall revert to the Company. The payment by the Board of any unclaimed dividend or other sums payable on or in respect of a share into a separate account shall not constitute the Company a trustee in respect thereof.

 

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143. Whenever the Board has resolved that a dividend be paid or declared, the Board may further resolve that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part by the distribution of specific assets of any kind and in particular of paid up shares, debentures or warrants to subscribe securities of the Company or any other company, or in any one or more of such ways, and where any difficulty arises in regard to the distribution the Board may settle the same as it thinks expedient, and in particular may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares, disregard fractional entitlements or round the same up or down, and may fix the value for distribution of such specific assets, or any part thereof, and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any Members upon the basis of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all parties, and may vest any such specific assets in trustees as may seem expedient to the Board and may appoint any person to sign any requisite instruments of transfer and other documents on behalf of the persons entitled to the dividend, and such appointment shall be effective and binding on the Members. The Board may resolve that no such assets shall be made available to Members with registered addresses in any particular territory or territories where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, such distribution of assets would or might, in the opinion of the Board, be unlawful or impracticable and in such event the only entitlement of the Members aforesaid shall be to receive cash payments as aforesaid. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be or be deemed to be a separate class of Members for any purpose whatsoever.

 

144. (1) Whenever the Board has resolved that a dividend be paid or declared on any class of the share capital of the Company, the Board may further resolve either:

 

(a)that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up, provided that the Members entitled thereto will be entitled to elect to receive such dividend (or part thereof if the Board so determines) in cash in lieu of such allotment. In such case, the following provisions shall apply:

 

(i)the basis of any such allotment shall be determined by the Board;

 

(ii)the Board, after determining the basis of allotment, shall give not less than ten (10) days’ Notice to the holders of the relevant shares of the right of election accorded to them and shall send with such notice forms of election and specify the procedure to be followed and the place at which and the latest date and time by which duly completed forms of election must be lodged in order to be effective;

 

(iii)the right of election may be exercised in respect of the whole or part of that portion of the dividend in respect of which the right of election has been accorded; and

 

(iv)the dividend (or that part of the dividend to be satisfied by the allotment of shares as aforesaid) shall not be payable in cash on shares in respect whereof the cash election has not been duly exercised (“the non-elected shares”) and in satisfaction thereof shares of the relevant class shall be allotted credited as fully paid up to the holders of the non-elected shares on the basis of allotment determined as aforesaid and for such purpose the Board shall capitalise and apply out of any part of the undivided profits of the Company (including profits carried and standing to the credit of any reserves or other special account, share premium account, capital redemption reserve other than the Subscription Rights Reserve) as the Board may determine, such sum as may be required to pay up in full the appropriate number of shares of the relevant class for allotment and distribution to and amongst the holders of the non-elected shares on such basis; or

 

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(b)that the Members entitled to such dividend shall be entitled to elect to receive an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up in lieu of the whole or such part of the dividend as the Board may think fit. In such case, the following provisions shall apply:

 

(i)the basis of any such allotment shall be determined by the Board;

 

(ii)the Board, after determining the basis of allotment, shall give not less than ten (10) days’ Notice to the holders of the relevant shares of the right of election accorded to them and shall send with such notice forms of election and specify the procedure to be followed and the place at which and the latest date and time by which duly completed forms of election must be lodged in order to be effective;

 

(iii)the right of election may be exercised in respect of the whole or part of that portion of the dividend in respect of which the right of election has been accorded; and

 

(iv)the dividend (or that part of the dividend in respect of which a right of election has been accorded) shall not be payable in cash on shares in respect whereof the share election has been duly exercised (“the elected shares”) and in lieu thereof shares of the relevant class shall be allotted credited as fully paid up to the holders of the elected shares on the basis of allotment determined as aforesaid and for such purpose the Board shall capitalise and apply out of any part of the undivided profits of the Company (including profits carried and standing to the credit of any reserves or other special account, share premium account, capital redemption reserve other than the Subscription Rights Reserve) as the Board may determine, such sum as may be required to pay up in full the appropriate number of shares of the relevant class for allotment and distribution to and amongst the holders of the elected shares on such basis.

 

(2)(a) The shares allotted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article 144 shall rank pari passu in all respects with shares of the same class (if any) then in issue save only as regards participation in the relevant dividend or in any other distributions, bonuses or rights paid, made, declared or announced prior to or contemporaneously with the payment or declaration of the relevant dividend unless, contemporaneously with the announcement by the Board of their proposal to apply the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) or (b) of paragraph (2) of this Article 144 in relation to the relevant dividend or contemporaneously with their announcement of the distribution, bonus or rights in question, the Board shall specify that the shares to be allotted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article shall rank for participation in such distribution, bonus or rights.

 

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(b)The Board may do all acts and things considered necessary or expedient to give effect to any capitalisation pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article 144, with full power to the Board to make such provisions as it thinks fit in the case of shares becoming distributable in fractions (including provisions whereby, in whole or in part, fractional entitlements are aggregated and sold and the net proceeds distributed to those entitled, or are disregarded or rounded up or down or whereby the benefit of fractional entitlements accrues to the Company rather than to the Members concerned). The Board may authorise any person to enter into on behalf of all Members interested, an agreement with the Company providing for such capitalisation and matters incidental thereto and any agreement made pursuant to such authority shall be effective and binding on all concerned.

 

(3) The Board may determine and resolve in respect of any one particular dividend of the Company that notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article 144 a dividend may be satisfied wholly in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up without offering any right to shareholders to elect to receive such dividend in cash in lieu of such allotment.

 

(4) The Board may on any occasion determine that rights of election and the allotment of shares under paragraph (1) of this Article 144 shall not be made available or made to any shareholders with registered addresses in any territory where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, the circulation of an offer of such rights of election or the allotment of shares would or might, in the opinion of the Board, be unlawful or impracticable, and in such event the provisions aforesaid shall be read and construed subject to such determination. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be or be deemed to be a separate class of Members for any purpose whatsoever.

 

(5) Any resolution declaring a dividend on shares of any class by the Board, may specify that the same shall be payable or distributable to the persons registered as the holders of such shares at the close of business on a particular date, notwithstanding that it may be a date prior to that on which the resolution is passed, and thereupon the dividend shall be payable or distributable to them in accordance with their respective holdings so registered, but without prejudice to the rights inter se in respect of such dividend of transferors and transferees of any such shares. The provisions of this Article shall mutatis mutandis apply to bonuses, capitalisation issues, distributions of realised capital profits or offers or grants made by the Company to the Members.

 

RESERVES

 

145. (1) The Board shall establish an account to be called the share premium account and shall carry to the credit of such account from time to time a sum equal to the amount or value of the premium paid on the issue of any share in the Company. Unless otherwise provided by the provisions of these Articles, the Board may apply the share premium account in any manner permitted by the Act. The Company shall at all times comply with the provisions of the Act in relation to the share premium account.

 

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(2) Before recommending any dividend, the Board may set aside out of the profits of the Company such sums as it determines as reserves which shall, at the discretion of the Board, be applicable for any purpose to which the profits of the Company may be properly applied and pending such application may, also at such discretion, either be employed in the business of the Company or be invested in such investments as the Board may from time to time think fit and so that it shall not be necessary to keep any investments constituting the reserve or reserves separate or distinct from any other investments of the Company. The Board may also without placing the same to reserve carry forward any profits which it may think prudent not to distribute.

 

CAPITALISATION

 

146. The Company may, upon the recommendation of the Board, at any time and from time to time pass an ordinary resolution to the effect that it is desirable to capitalise all or any part of any amount for the time being standing to the credit of any reserve or fund (including a share premium account and capital redemption reserve and the profit and loss account) whether or not the same is available for distribution and accordingly that such amount be set free for distribution among the Members or any class of Members who would be entitled thereto if it were distributed by way of dividend and in the same proportions, on the basis that the same is not paid in cash but is applied either in or towards paying up the amounts for the time being unpaid on any shares in the Company held by such Members respectively or in paying up in full unissued shares, debentures or other obligations of the Company, to be allotted and distributed credited as fully paid up among such Members, or partly in one way and partly in the other, and the Board shall give effect to such resolution provided that, for the purposes of this Article 146, a share premium account and any capital redemption reserve or fund representing unrealised profits, may be applied only in paying up in full unissued shares of the Company to be allotted to such Members credited as fully paid.

 

147. The Board may settle, as it considers appropriate, any difficulty arising in regard to any distribution and in particular may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares or authorise any person to sell and transfer any fractions or may resolve that the distribution should be as nearly as may be practicable in the correct proportion but not exactly so or may ignore fractions altogether, and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any Members in order to adjust the rights of all parties, as may seem expedient to the Board. The Board may appoint any person to sign on behalf of the persons entitled to participate in the distribution any contract necessary or desirable for giving effect thereto and such appointment shall be effective and binding upon the Members.

 

SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS RESERVE

 

148. The following provisions shall have effect to the extent that they are not prohibited by and are in compliance with the Act:

 

(1) If, so long as any of the rights attached to any warrants issued by the Company to subscribe for shares of the Company shall remain exercisable, the Company does any act or engages in any transaction which, as a result of any adjustments to the subscription price in accordance with the provisions of the conditions of the warrants, would reduce the subscription price to below the par value of a share, then the following provisions shall apply:

 

(a)as from the date of such act or transaction the Company shall establish and thereafter (subject as provided in this Article 148) maintain in accordance with the provisions of this Article 148 a reserve (the “Subscription Rights Reserve”) the amount of which shall at no time be less than the sum which for the time being would be required to be capitalised and applied in paying up in full the nominal amount of the additional shares required to be issued and allotted credited as fully paid pursuant to sub-paragraph (c) below on the exercise in full of all the subscription rights outstanding and shall apply the Subscription Rights Reserve in paying up such additional shares in full as and when the same are allotted;

 

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(b)the Subscription Rights Reserve shall not be used for any purpose other than that specified above unless all other reserves of the Company (other than share premium account) have been extinguished and will then only be used to make good losses of the Company if and so far as is required by law;

 

(c)upon the exercise of all or any of the subscription rights represented by any warrant, the relevant subscription rights shall be exercisable in respect of a nominal amount of shares equal to the amount in cash which the holder of such warrant is required to pay on exercise of the subscription rights represented thereby (or, as the case may be the relevant portion thereof in the event of a partial exercise of the subscription rights) and, in addition, there shall be allotted in respect of such subscription rights to the exercising warrantholder, credited as fully paid, such additional nominal amount of shares as is equal to the difference between:

 

(i)the said amount in cash which the holder of such warrant is required to pay on exercise of the subscription rights represented thereby (or, as the case may be, the relevant portion thereof in the event of a partial exercise of the subscription rights); and

 

(ii)the nominal amount of shares in respect of which such subscription rights would have been exercisable having regard to the provisions of the conditions of the warrants, had it been possible for such subscription rights to represent the right to subscribe for shares at less than par and immediately upon such exercise so much of the sum standing to the credit of the Subscription Rights Reserve as is required to pay up in full such additional nominal amount of shares shall be capitalised and applied in paying up in full such additional nominal amount of shares which shall forthwith be allotted credited as fully paid to the exercising warrantholders; and

 

(d)if, upon the exercise of the subscription rights represented by any warrant, the amount standing to the credit of the Subscription Rights Reserve is not sufficient to pay up in full such additional nominal amount of shares equal to such difference as aforesaid to which the exercising warrantholder is entitled, the Board shall apply any profits or reserves then or thereafter becoming available (including, to the extent permitted by law, share premium account) for such purpose until such additional nominal amount of shares is paid up and allotted as aforesaid and until then no dividend or other distribution shall be paid or made on the fully paid shares of the Company then in issue. Pending such payment and allotment, the exercising warrantholder shall be issued by the Company with a certificate evidencing his right to the allotment of such additional nominal amount of shares. The rights represented by any such certificate shall be in registered form and shall be transferable in whole or in part in units of one share in the like manner as the shares for the time being are transferable, and the Company shall make such arrangements in relation to the maintenance of a register therefor and other matters in relation thereto as the Board may think fit and adequate particulars thereof shall be made known to each relevant exercising warrantholder upon the issue of such certificate.

 

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(2) Shares allotted pursuant to the provisions of this Article shall rank pari passu in all respects with the other shares allotted on the relevant exercise of the subscription rights represented by the warrant concerned. Notwithstanding anything contained in paragraph (1) of this Article, no fraction of any share shall be allotted on exercise of the subscription rights.

 

(3) The provision of this Article as to the establishment and maintenance of the Subscription Rights Reserve shall not be altered or added to in any way which would vary or abrogate, or which would have the effect of varying or abrogating the provisions for the benefit of any warrantholder or class of warrantholders under this Article without the sanction of a special resolution of such warrantholders or class of warrantholders.

 

(4) A certificate or report by the auditors for the time being of the Company as to whether or not the Subscription Rights Reserve is required to be established and maintained and if so the amount thereof so required to be established and maintained, as to the purposes for which the Subscription Rights Reserve has been used, as to the extent to which it has been used to make good losses of the Company, as to the additional nominal amount of shares required to be allotted to exercising warrantholders credited as fully paid, and as to any other matter concerning the Subscription Rights Reserve shall (in the absence of manifest error) be conclusive and binding upon the Company and all warrantholders and shareholders.

 

ACCOUNTING RECORDS

 

149. The Board shall cause true accounts to be kept of the sums of money received and expended by the Company, and the matters in respect of which such receipt and expenditure take place, and of the property, assets, credits and liabilities of the Company and of all other matters required by the Act or necessary to give a true and fair view of the Company’s affairs and to explain its transactions.

 

150. The accounting records shall be kept at the Office or, at such other place or places as the Board decides and shall always be open to inspection by the Directors. No Member (other than a Director) shall have any right of inspecting any accounting record or book or document of the Company except as conferred by law or authorised by the Board or the Company in general meeting.

 

151. Subject to Article 152, a printed copy of the Directors’ report, accompanied by the balance sheet and profit and loss account, including every document required by law to be annexed thereto, made up to the end of the applicable financial year and containing a summary of the assets and liabilities of the Company under convenient heads and a statement of income and expenditure, together with a copy of the Auditors’ report, shall be sent to each person entitled thereto. The Directors shall have the discretion to lay these documents before the Company at any annual general meeting held in accordance with Article 57 (if so being held) in which case, the documents shall be sent to each person entitled thereto at least ten (10) days before the date of the general meeting. This Articles shall not require a copy of those documents to be sent to any person whose address the Company is not aware or to more than one of the joint holders of any shares or debentures.

 

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152. Subject to due compliance with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, and to obtaining all necessary consents, if any, required thereunder, the requirements of Article 151 shall be deemed satisfied in relation to any person by sending to the person in any manner not prohibited by the Statutes, a summarised financial statements derived from the Company’s annual accounts and the directors’ report which shall be in the form and containing the information required by applicable laws and regulations, provided that any person who is otherwise entitled to the annual financial statements of the Company and the directors’ report thereon may, if he so requires by notice in writing served on the Company, demand that the Company sends to him, in addition to a summarised financial statements, a complete printed copy of the Company’s annual financial statement and the directors’ report thereon.

 

153. The requirement to send to a person referred to in Article 151 the documents referred to in that article or a summary financial report in accordance with Article 152 shall be deemed satisfied where, in accordance with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Company publishes copies of the documents referred to in Article 151 and, if applicable, a summary financial report complying with Article 152, by placing it on the Company’s website or in any other manner (including by sending any form of electronic communication) permitted by Article 160.

 

AUDIT

 

154. Subject to applicable law and rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Board shall appoint an Auditor to audit the accounts of the Company and such auditor shall hold office until removed from office by a resolution of the Directors. Such auditor may be a Member but no Director or officer or employee of the Company shall, during his continuance in office, be eligible to act as an Auditor.

 

155. Subject to the Act the accounts of the Company shall be audited at least once in every year.

 

156. The remuneration of the Auditor shall be determine by the Audit Committee or, in the absence of such Audit Committee, by the Board.

 

157. The Board may remove the Auditor at any time before the expiration of his term of office and may by resolution appoint another Auditor in his stead.

 

158. The Auditor shall at all reasonable times have access to all books kept by the Company and to all accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he may call on the Directors or officers of the Company for any information in their possession relating to the books or affairs of the Company.

 

159. The statement of income and expenditure and the balance sheet provided for by these Articles shall be examined by the Auditor and compared by him with the books, accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he shall make a written report thereon stating whether such statement and balance sheet are drawn up so as to present fairly the financial position of the Company and the results of its operations for the period under review and, in case information shall have been called for from Directors or officers of the Company, whether the same has been furnished and has been satisfactory. The financial statements of the Company shall be audited by the Auditor in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The Auditor shall make a written report thereon in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and the report of the Auditor shall be submitted to the Audit Committee. The generally accepted auditing standards referred to herein may be those of a country or jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands. If so, the financial statements and the report of the Auditor should disclose this fact and name such country or jurisdiction.

 

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NOTICES

 

160. Any Notice or document, whether or not, to be given or issued under these Articles from the Company to a Member shall be in writing or by cable, telex or facsimile transmission message or other form of electronic transmission or electronic communication and any such Notice and document may be served or delivered by the Company on or to any Member either (i) personally or (ii) by sending it through the post in a prepaid envelope addressed to such Member at his registered address as appearing in the Register or at any other address supplied by him to the Company for the purpose or (iii) by transmitting it to any such address or transmitting it to any telex or facsimile transmission number or electronic number or electronic address or website supplied by him to the Company for the giving of Notice or documents to him or which the person transmitting the notice or document reasonably and bona fide believes at the relevant time will result in the Notice or document being duly received by the Member or (iv) may also be served by advertisement in appropriate newspapers in accordance with the requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange or (v) to the extent permitted by all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, by placing it on the Company’s website. In the case of joint holders of a share all notices shall be given to that one of the joint holders whose name stands first in the Register and notice so given shall be deemed a sufficient service on or delivery to all the joint holders.

 

161. Any Notice or other document:

 

(a)if served or delivered by post, shall where appropriate be sent by airmail and shall be deemed to have been served or delivered on the day following that on which the envelope containing the same, properly prepaid and addressed, is put into the post; in proving such service or delivery it shall be sufficient to prove that the envelope or wrapper containing the notice or document was properly addressed and put into the post and a certificate in writing signed by the Secretary or other officer of the Company or other person appointed by the Board that the envelope or wrapper containing the Notice or other document was so addressed and put into the post shall be conclusive evidence thereof;

 

(b)if sent by electronic communication, shall be deemed to be given on the day on which it is transmitted from the server of the Company or its agent. A Notice placed on the Company’s website is deemed given by the Company to a Member on the day it is placed;

 

(c)if served or delivered in any other manner contemplated by these Articles, shall be deemed to have been served or delivered at the time of personal service or delivery or, as the case may be, at the time of the relevant despatch or transmission or publication; and in proving such service or delivery a certificate in writing signed by the Secretary or other officer of the Company or other person appointed by the Board as to the act and time of such service, delivery, despatch or transmission or publication shall be conclusive evidence thereof; and

 

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(d)may be given to a Member in the English language or such other language as may be approved by the Directors, subject to due compliance with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations.

 

162. (1) Any Notice or other document delivered or sent by post to or left at the registered address of any Member in pursuance of these Articles shall, notwithstanding that such Member is then dead or bankrupt or that any other event has occurred, and whether or not the Company has notice of the death or bankruptcy or other event, be deemed to have been duly served or delivered in respect of any share registered in the name of such Member as sole or joint holder unless his name shall, at the time of the service or delivery of the Notice or document, have been removed from the Register as the holder of the share, and such service or delivery shall for all purposes be deemed a sufficient service or delivery of such Notice or document on all persons interested (whether jointly with or as claiming through or under him) in the share.

 

(2) A Notice may be given by the Company to the person entitled to a share in consequence of the death, mental disorder or bankruptcy of a Member by sending it through the post in a prepaid letter, envelope or wrapper addressed to him by name, or by the title of representative of the deceased, or trustee of the bankrupt, or by any like description, at the address, if any, supplied for the purpose by the person claiming to be so entitled, or (until such an address has been so supplied) by giving the notice in any manner in which the same might have been given if the death, mental disorder or bankruptcy had not occurred.

 

(3) Any person who by operation of law, transfer or other means whatsoever shall become entitled to any share shall be bound by every Notice in respect of such share which prior to his name and address being entered on the Register shall have been duly given to the person from whom he derives his title to such share.

 

(4) Every Member or a person who is entitled to receive notice from the Company under the provisions of the Statutes or these Articles may register with the Company an electronic address to which notices can be served upon him.

 

SIGNATURES

 

163. For the purposes of these Articles, a cable or telex or facsimile or electronic transmission message purporting to come from a holder of shares or, as the case may be, a Director, or, in the case of a corporation which is a holder of shares from a director or the secretary thereof or a duly appointed attorney or duly authorised representative thereof for it and on its behalf, shall in the absence of express evidence to the contrary available to the person relying thereon at the relevant time be deemed to be a document or instrument in writing signed by such holder or Director in the terms in which it is received. The signature to any notice or document to be given by the Company may be written, printed or made electronically.

 

WINDING UP

 

164. (1) Subject to Article 164(2), the Board shall have power in the name and on behalf of the Company to present a petition to the court for the Company to be wound up.

 

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 47 

 

 

(2) Unless otherwise provided by the Ac, a resolution that the Company be wound up by the court or be wound up voluntarily shall be a special resolution.

 

165. (1) Subject to any special rights, privileges or restrictions as to the distribution of available surplus assets on liquidation for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares (i) if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the capital paid up at the commencement of the winding up, the excess shall be distributed pari passu amongst such members in proportion to the amount paid up on the shares held by them respectively and (ii) if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members as such shall be insufficient to repay the whole of the paid-up capital such assets shall be distributed so that, a nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by the Members in proportion to the capital paid up, or which ought to have been paid up, at the commencement of the winding up on the shares held by them respectively.

 

(2) If the Company shall be wound up (whether the liquidation is voluntary or by the court) the liquidator may, with the authority of a special resolution and any other sanction required by the Act, divide among the Members in specie or kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company and whether or not the assets shall consist of properties of one kind or shall consist of properties to be divided as aforesaid of different kinds, and may for such purpose set such value as he deems fair upon any one or more class or classes of property and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members. The liquidator may, with the like authority, vest any part of the assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the Members as the liquidator with the like authority shall think fit, and the liquidation of the Company may be closed and the Company dissolved, but so that no contributory shall be compelled to accept any shares or other property in respect of which there is a liability.

 

INDEMNITY

 

166. (1) Every Director (including for the purposes of this Article any alternate Director appointed pursuant to the provisions of these Articles), Secretary, or other officer for the time being and from time to time of the Company (but not including the Auditor) and the personal representatives of the same (each an “Indemnified Person”) shall be indemnified and secured harmless out of the assets and profits of the Company from and against all actions, proceeding, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by such Indemnified Person, other than by reason of such Indemnified Person’s own dishonesty, wilful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of the Company’s business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such Indemnified Person in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning the Company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere.

 

(2) Each Member agrees to waive any claim or right of action he might have, whether individually or by or in the right of the Company, against any Director on account of any action taken by such Director, or the failure of such Director to take any action in the performance of his duties with or for the Company; PROVIDED THAT such waiver shall not extend to any matter in respect of any fraud, willful default or dishonesty which may attach to such Director.

 

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 48 

 

 

FINANCIAL YEAR

 

167. Unless otherwise determined by the Directors, the financial year of the Company shall end on the 30th of September in each year.

 

AMENDMENT TO MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

AND NAME OF COMPANY

 

168. No Article shall be rescinded, altered or amended and no new Article shall be made until the same has been approved by a special resolution of the Members. A special resolution shall be required to alter the provisions of the Memorandum of Association or to change the name of the Company.

 

INFORMATION

 

169. No Member shall be entitled to require discovery of or any information respecting any detail of the Company’s trading or any matter which is or may be in the nature of a trade secret or secret process which may relate to the conduct of the business of the Company and which in the opinion of the Directors it will be inexpedient in the interests of the members of the Company to communicate to the public.

 

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 49 

 

 

Exhibit 5.1

 


 

CONYERS DILL & PEARMAN

29th Floor

One Exchange Square

8 Connaught Place

Central

Hong Kong

T +852 2524 7106 | F +852 2845 9268

conyers.com

 

1 October 2025

 

Matter No.:1010740

Doc ref: 111197758v1
852 2842 9521
Flora.Wong@conyers.com

 

Globavend Holdings Limited

Room 13 18th Floor Tsuen Wan Industrial Centre

220-248 Texaco Road New Territories

Hong Kong

 

Dear Sir/Madam,

 

Re: Globavend Holdings Limited (the “Company”)

 

We have acted as special Cayman Islands legal counsel to the Company in connection with a registration statement on Form F-3 (the “Registration Statement”) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on or about the date hereof under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) and the prospectus forming a part of the registration Statement (the “Prospectus”) through which the Company may offer up to a total amount of US$1,000,000,000, consisting of (i) ordinary shares of par value US$0.20 each in the Company (“Ordinary Shares”), (ii) preferred shares in the Company (“Preferred Shares”), (iii) warrants to purchase Debt Securities (as defined hereinafter), Preferred Shares, Ordinary Shares or management shares of US$0.20 par value each of the Company carrying such rights and restrictions as set out in our Constitutional Documents (as defined below) (the “Management Shares”, and together with the Preferred Shares and Ordinary Shares, the “Equity Securities”, which term includes any Ordinary Shares, Preferred Shares and/or Management Shares to be issued pursuant to the conversion, exchange or exercise of any other Securities (as defined hereinafter)) (the “Warrants”), (iv) debt securities which may or may not be converted into Ordinary Shares or Management Shares(“Debt Securities”), (v) subscription rights to purchase Ordinary Shares, Management Shares and/or Preferred Shares, Debt Securities, Warrants or Units (as defined below) consisting of some or all of the aforesaid securities (the “Subscription Rights”), and (vi) units comprised of two or more of the Equity Securities, Warrants, Debt Securities and/or the Subscription Rights (the aforesaid units collectively with the Equity Securities, Warrants, Debt Securities and the Subscription Rights, the “Securities”), or any combination thereof, from time to time.

 

1.DOCUMENTS REVIEWED

 

For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined the following document(s):

 

1.1.the Registration Statement; and

 

1.2.the Prospectus.

 

The documents listed in items 1.1 through 1.2 above are herein sometimes collectively referred to as the “Documents” (which term does not include any other instrument or agreement whether or not specifically referred to therein or attached as an exhibit or schedule thereto).

 

 

 

 

 

We have also reviewed:

 

1.3.a copy of the third amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company adopted and became effective on 12 September 2025 (the “Constitutional Documents”);

 

1.4.a copy of the written resolutions of all directors of the Company dated 30 September 2025 (the “Resolutions”);

 

1.5.a copy of the Certificate of Good Standing issued by the Registrar of Companies in relation to the Company on 22 September 2025 (the “Certificate Date”); and

 

1.6.such other documents and made such enquiries as to questions of law as we have deemed necessary in order to render the opinion set forth below.

 

2.ASSUMPTIONS

 

We have assumed:

 

2.1.the genuineness and authenticity of all signatures and the conformity to the originals of all copies (whether or not certified) examined by us and the authenticity and completeness of the originals from which such copies were taken;

 

2.2.that where a document has been examined by us in draft form, it will be or has been executed in the form of that draft, and where a number of drafts of a document have been examined by us all changes thereto have been marked or otherwise drawn to our attention;

 

2.3.the capacity, power and authority of each of all parties, other than the Company, to enter into and perform its respective obligations under the Documents and under any and all documents entered into by such parties in connection with the issuance of the Securities;

 

2.4.the due execution and delivery of the Documents any and all documents entered into in connection with the issuance of the Securities by each of the parties thereto, other than the Company, and the physical delivery thereof by the Company with an intention to be bound thereby;

 

2.5.the accuracy and completeness of all factual representations made in the Documents and other documents reviewed by us;

 

2.6.that the Resolutions were passed at one or more duly convened, constituted and quorate meetings or by unanimous written resolutions, remain in full force and effect and have not been rescinded or amended;

 

2.7.that the Company will issue the Securities in furtherance of its objects as set out in its memorandum of association;

 

2.8.that the Constitutional Documents will not be amended in any manner that would affect the opinions expressed herein;

 

2.9.that the Company will have sufficient authorised capital and shares designated as such class or series of Equity Securities to effect the issue of any of the Equity Securities at the time of issuance, whether as a principal issue or on the conversion, exchange or exercise of any Securities;

 

2.10.that the form and terms of any and all Securities (including, without limitation, the designation, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions of Preferred Shares) or other securities (or other obligations, rights, currencies, commodities or other subject matter) comprising the same or subject thereto (in the case of the Subscription Rights, Warrants and Units), the issuance and sale thereof by the Company, and the Company’s incurrence and performance of its obligations thereunder or in respect thereof (including, without limitation, its obligations under any related agreement, indenture or supplement thereto) in accordance with the terms thereof will not violate the Constitutional Documents nor any applicable law, regulation, order or decree in the Cayman Islands;

 

 

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2.11.that all necessary corporate action will be taken to authorise and approve any issuance of Securities (including, if Preferred Shares are to be issued, all necessary corporate action (including without limitation, approval of shareholders (if required)) to establish one or more series of Preferred Shares and fix the designation, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof), the terms of the offering thereof and related matters, and that the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement and, if Debt Securities are to be issued, the applicable indenture and any applicable supplements thereto, will be duly approved, executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Company and all other parties thereto;

 

2.12.that the applicable purchase, underwriting or similar agreement, any Debt Security, any indenture and any supplement thereto and any other agreement or other document relating to any Security will be legal, valid and binding in accordance with its terms pursuant to its governing law and the laws of the Cayman Islands;

 

2.13.that the issuance and sale of and payment for the Securities will be in accordance with the applicable purchase, underwriting or similar agreement duly approved by the board of directors of the Company or a duly authorised committee thereof, the Registration Statement (including the prospectus set forth therein and any applicable supplement thereto) and, if Debt Securities are to be issued, the applicable indenture and any applicable supplements thereto;

 

2.14.that, upon the issue of any Equity Securities, the Company will receive consideration for the final issue price thereof which shall be equal to at least the par value thereof;

 

2.15.that there is no provision of the law of any jurisdiction, other than the Cayman Islands, which would have any implication in relation to the opinions expressed herein;

 

2.16.that the Company has not taken any action to appoint a restructuring officer;

 

2.17.that neither the Company nor any of its shareholders is a sovereign entity of any state and none of them is a subsidiary, direct or indirect, of any sovereign entity or state;

 

2.18.the validity and binding effect under the laws of the State of New York, United States of America (the “Foreign Laws”) of the Documents which are expressed to be governed by such Foreign Laws in accordance with their respective terms; and

 

2.19.that on the date of entering into the Document(s), on the date of allotment (where applicable) and issuance of any Securities the Company is and after entering into the Documents and any such allotment and issuance the Company is and will be able to pay its debts.

 

3.QUALIFICATIONS

 

3.1.The obligations of the Company under the Document(s) and any Securities:

 

(a)will be subject to the laws from time to time in effect relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, possessory liens, rights of set off, reorganisation, amalgamation, merger, consolidation, moratorium, bribery, corruption, money laundering, terrorist financing, proliferation financing or any other laws or legal procedures, whether of a similar nature or otherwise, generally affecting the rights of creditors as well as applicable international sanctions;

 

(b)will be subject to statutory limitation of the time within which proceedings may be brought;

 

(c)will be subject to general principles of equity and, as such, specific performance and injunctive relief, being equitable remedies, may not be available;

 

(d)may not be given effect to by a Cayman Islands court, whether or not it was applying the Foreign Laws, if and to the extent they constitute the payment of an amount which is in the nature of a penalty; and

 

 

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(e)may not be given effect by a Cayman Islands court to the extent that they are to be performed in a jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands and such performance would be illegal under the laws of that jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any contractual submission to the exclusive or non-exclusive jurisdiction of specific courts, a Cayman Islands court has inherent discretion to stay or allow proceedings in the Cayman Islands against the Company under the Documents and any Securities if there are other proceedings in respect of the Documents and any Securities simultaneously underway against the Company in another jurisdiction.

 

3.2.We express no opinion as to the enforceability of any provision of the Documents which provides for the payment of a specified rate of interest on the amount of a judgment after the date of judgment or which purports to fetter the statutory powers of the Company.

 

3.3.We have made no investigation of and express no opinion in relation to the laws of any jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands. This opinion is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands and is limited to and is given on the basis of the current law and practice in the Cayman Islands. This opinion is issued solely for the purposes of the filing of the Registration Statement and is not to be relied upon in respect of any other matter.

 

4.OPINION

 

On the basis of and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:

 

4.1.The Company is duly incorporated and existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands and, based on the Certificate of Good Standing, is in good standing as at the Certificate Date. Pursuant to the Companies Act (the “Act”), a company is deemed to be in good standing if all fees and penalties under the Act have been paid and the Registrar of Companies has no knowledge that the Company is in default under the Companies Act.

 

4.2.Based solely on our review of the third amended and restated memorandum of association of the Company (the “MOA”), the Company has an authorised share capital of US$100,000,000 divided into 500,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.20 each of which 100 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.20 each are designated as management shares as of the date of adoption of the MOA.

 

4.3.Upon the due issuance of Ordinary Shares and/or Preferred Shares and payment of the consideration therefor, the Ordinary Shares and/or the Preferred Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (which term means when used herein that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue of such shares).

 

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the references to our firm under the captions “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities” and “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not hereby admit that we are experts within the meaning of Section 11 of the Securities Act or that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

 

Yours faithfully,

 

/s/ Conyers Dill & Pearman

Conyers Dill & Pearman

 

 

 

conyers.com | 4

Exhibit 8.2

 

 

 

 

YOUR REF:      
       
OUR REF: JL/18/68450/2025 DATE October 1, 2025

 

Globavend Holdings Limited

Office 1401, Level 14, 197 St Georges Tce,

Perth, WA 6000,

Australia

 

Dear Sirs,

 

Re:Legal Opinion in relation to Globavend Holdings Limited as to Hong Kong law

 

We are qualified lawyers of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China (“Hong Kong”) and as such are qualified to issue this opinion on the laws and regulations of Hong Kong effective as of the date hereof.

 

We were engaged (the “Engagement”) as Hong Kong counsel to Globavend Holdings Limited (the “Company”), a company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and its subsidiary established in Hong Kong in connection with a registration statement on Form F-3 (the “Registration Statement”) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on or about the date hereof under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) and the prospectus forming a part of the registration Statement (the “Prospectus”) through which the Company may offer up to a total amount of US$1,000,000,000, consisting of, among others, ordinary shares of par value US$0.20 each in the Company (“Ordinary Shares”), preferred shares in the Company, debt securities, warrants, subscription rights, purchase contracts and units, description of which are set out in the Prospectus.

 

A.Assumptions

 

In rendering this opinion, we have assumed without any independent investigation and verification that (the “Assumptions”):-

 

(i)all signatures, seals and chops are genuine, each signature on behalf of a party thereto is that of a person duly authorized by such party to execute the same, all documents submitted to us in relation to the Engagement (the “Documents”) as originals are authentic, and all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the originals;

 

 

 

YUEN LONG OFFICE :

6/F., O.T.B. Yuen Long Building,

Nos.95-97 Castle Peak Road,

Yuen Long, New Territories.

Tels : +852 2477 4271 (4 Lines)

Fax : +852 2478 2242

 

 

元朗分行:

新界元朗青山道95-97號

海外信託銀行元朗大廈6樓

電 話 : +852 2477 4271 (4線)

圖 文 傳 真 : +852 2478 2242

 

 

TAI PO OFFICE :

Flat A, 1/F., Mei Tak Building,

No.33 Kwong Fuk Road,

Tai Po, New Territories.

Tels : +852 2657 2255 (4 Lines)

Fax : +852 2651 4986

 

大埔分行:

新界大埔廣福道33號

美德大廈1字樓A座

電 話 : +852 2657 2255 (4線)

圖文傳真 : +852 2651 4986

 

 

 

 

 

 

K. M. LAI & LI

SOLICITORS & NOTARIES

黎錦文 李孟華 律師事務所

  PAGE: 2

 

(ii)each of the parties to the Documents, (a) if a legal person or other entity, is duly organized and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization and/or incorporation; or (b) if an individual, has full capacity for civil conduct;

 

(iii)the Documents remain in full force and effect on the date of this opinion and have not been revoked, amended or supplemented, and no amendments, revisions, supplements, modifications or other changes have been made, and no revocation or termination has occurred, with respect to any of such Documents after they were submitted to us for the purposes of this opinion;

 

(iv)that there are no documents or agreements by or among any of the parties to the Documents, other than those referenced in this opinion, that could affect the opinion expressed herein and no undisclosed modifications, waivers or amendments (whether written or oral) to any of the Documents reviewed by us in connection with this opinion;

 

(v)the laws of jurisdictions other than Hong Kong which may be applicable to the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Documents are complied with; and

 

(vi)all requested Documents have been provided to us and all factual statements made to us in connection with this opinion are true, correct and complete.

 

B.Opinion

 

Subject to the Assumptions and the Qualifications and limitations set forth therein and subject to any matters not disclosed to us, and having regard to such considerations of the laws of Hong Kong in force as at the date of this opinion as we consider relevant, we are of the opinion that the statements set forth in the Registration Statement under the caption “Material Income Tax Considerations” are true and accurate in all material aspects and that such statements constitute our opinions insofar as the same relates to the laws of Hong Kong.

 

C.Qualifications

 

Our opinion expressed above is subject to the following qualifications (“Qualifications”):-

 

(i)our opinion is limited to the laws of Hong Kong of general application on the date hereof. We have made no investigation of, and do not express or imply any views on, the laws of any jurisdiction other than Hong Kong. Without prejudice to the generality of the preceding sentences, our opinion is not intended to constitute, nor should it be construed as, advice regarding the securities laws or any other laws of the United States or any State thereof and we express no opinion as to the jurisdiction of any court of the United States or any State thereof;

 

(ii)the laws of Hong Kong referred to herein are laws and regulations publicly available and currently in force on the date hereof and there is no guarantee that any of such laws and regulations, or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, will not be changed, amended or revoked in the future with or without retrospective effect. Our opinion is given on the basis that we have no obligation to notify any addressee of this opinion of any change in Hong Kong laws or its application after the date of this opinion;

 

 

 

K. M. LAI & LI

SOLICITORS & NOTARIES

黎錦文 李孟華 律師事務所

  PAGE: 3

 

(iii)this opinion is subject to (a) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws in the Hong Kong affecting creditors’ rights generally, and (b) possible judicial or administrative actions or any Hong Kong laws affecting creditors’ rights;

 

(iv)this opinion is subject to the effects of (a) certain legal or statutory principles affecting the enforceability of contractual rights generally under the concepts of public interest, social ethics, national security, good faith, fair dealing, and applicable statutes of limitation; (b) any circumstance in connection with formulation, execution or performance of any legal documents that would be deemed materially mistaken, clearly unconscionable, fraudulent, coercionary or concealing illegal intentions with a lawful form; (c) judicial discretion with respect to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, remedies or defenses, or calculation of damages; and (d) the discretion of any competent Hong Kong legislative, administrative or judicial bodies in exercising their authority in Hong Kong;

 

(v)this opinion is issued based on our understanding of the laws of Hong Kong that are currently in effect. For matters not explicitly provided under the laws of Hong Kong, the future interpretation, implementation and application of the specific requirements under the laws of Hong Kong are subject to the final discretion of competent Hong Kong legislative, administrative and judicial authorities, and there can be no assurance that the government agencies will not ultimately take a view that is contrary to our opinion stated above;

 

(vi)we may rely, as to matters of fact (but not as to legal conclusions), to the extent we deem proper, on certificates and confirmations of responsible officers of the Company and public searches conducted in Hong Kong;

 

(vii)this opinion is intended to be used in the context which is specifically referred to herein; each paragraph shall be construed and read as a whole, and no part of the opinion herein shall be extracted and referred to independently;

 

(viii)as used in this opinion, the expression “to our best knowledge” or similar language with reference to matters of fact refers to the current actual knowledge of the solicitors of this firm who have worked on matters for the Company in connection with the Offering and the transactions contemplated thereunder. We have not undertaken any independent investigation or verification to determine the existence or absence of any fact, and no inference as to our knowledge of the existence or absence of any fact should be drawn from our representation of the Company or the rendering of this opinion; and

 

(ix)we express no opinion as to matters of fact.

 

 

 

K. M. LAI & LI

SOLICITORS & NOTARIES

黎錦文 李孟華 律師事務所

  PAGE: 4

 

This opinion is delivered solely for the purpose of and in connection with the Registration Statement publicly filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date of this opinion and may not be used for any other purpose without our prior written consent.

 

We hereby consent to the use of this opinion in, and the filing hereof as an exhibit to, the Registration Statement, and to the reference to this firm in the Registration Statement under the captions “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Enforceability of Civil Liabilities,” “Material Income Tax Consideration,” and “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

Yours faithfully,

 

/s/ K. M. LAI & LI  
K. M. LAI & LI  
JL/kf.  

 

 

 

 

 

F-3 EX-FILING FEES 0001978527 N/A N/A 0001978527 1 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 2 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 3 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 4 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 5 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 6 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 7 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 8 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 0001978527 2025-10-01 2025-10-01 iso4217:USD xbrli:pure xbrli:shares

Ex-Filing Fees

CALCULATION OF FILING FEE TABLES

F-3

Globavend Holdings Limited

Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward Securities

                                           
Line Item Type   Security Type   Security Class Title   Notes   Fee Calculation
Rule
  Amount Registered   Proposed Maximum Offering
Price Per Unit
  Maximum Aggregate Offering Price   Fee Rate   Amount of Registration Fee
                                           
Newly Registered Securities
Fees to be Paid   Equity   Ordinary Shares   (1)   Other       $     $ 0.00   0.0001381   $ 0.00
Fees to be Paid   Equity   Preferred Shares   (2)   Other               0.00   0.0001381     0.00
Fees to be Paid   Debt   Debt Securities   (3)   Other               0.00   0.0001381     0.00
Fees to be Paid   Debt   Warrants   (4)   Other               0.00   0.0001381     0.00
Fees to be Paid   Other   Subscription Rights   (5)   Other               0.00   0.0001381     0.00
Fees to be Paid   Other   Purchase Contracts   (6)   Other               0.00   0.0001381     0.00
Fees to be Paid   Other   Units   (7)   Other               0.00   0.0001381     0.00
Fees to be Paid   Other   Unallocated (Universal) Shelf   (8)   457(o)       $     $ 1,000,000,000.00   0.0001381   $ 138,100.00
                                           
Total Offering Amounts:   $ 1,000,000,000.00         138,100.00
Total Fees Previously Paid:                
Total Fee Offsets:               0.00
Net Fee Due:             $ 138,100.00

__________________________________________
Offering Note(s)

(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
(2) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
(3) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
(4) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
(5) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
(6) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
(7) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.
(8) The registrant is registering an indeterminate number of securities for offer and sale from time to time at indeterminate prices, which shall have an aggregate offering price not to exceed $1,000,000,000. In addition, pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), this registration statement shall be deemed to cover any additional number of securities that may be issued from time to time to prevent dilution as a result of a distribution, split, combination, or similar transaction. Securities registered hereunder may be sold separately, or together with other securities registered hereunder. Includes consideration to be received by the registrant, if applicable, for registered securities that are issuable upon exercise, conversion, or exchange of other registered securities.

The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per class of security will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to Instructions to the Calculation of Filing Fee Tables and Related Disclosure (2)(A)(iii)(b) of Form F-3 under the Securities Act.

Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.