Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data Company Risk —
Companies engaged in artificial intelligence (“AI”) and big data typically face intense competition and potentially rapid product obsolescence.
These companies are also heavily dependent on intellectual property rights and may be adversely affected by loss or impairment of those rights. There can be no assurance
these companies will be able to successfully protect their intellectual property to prevent the misappropriation of their technology, or that competitors will not develop
technology that is substantially similar or superior to such companies’ technology. AI and big data companies typically engage in significant amounts of spending on research and
development, as well as mergers and acquisitions, and there is no guarantee that the products or services produced by these companies will be successful. The products and services of
AI and big data companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological
developments and frequent new product or service introduction,
unpredictable changes in growth rates and competition for the services of qualified personnel. AI and big data companies are potential targets for cyberattacks, which can have a materially
adverse impact on the performance of these companies. In addition, AI technology could face increasing regulatory scrutiny in the future, which may limit the development
of this technology and impede the growth of companies that develop and/or utilize this technology. Similarly, the collection of data from consumers and other sources could
face increased scrutiny as regulators consider how the data is collected, stored, safeguarded and used. AI and big data companies may face regulatory fines and penalties, including
forced break-ups, that could hinder the ability of the companies to operate on an ongoing basis. The customers and/or suppliers of AI and big data companies may be concentrated in a
particular country, region or industry. Any adverse event affecting one of these countries, regions or industries could have a negative impact on AI and big data companies.
Country, government, and/or region-specific regulations or restrictions could have an impact
on AI and big data companies. Large-Capitalization Company Risk — Large-capitalization companies typically have significant financial resources, extensive product lines and
broad markets for their goods and/or services. However, they may be less able to adapt to changing market conditions or to respond quickly to competitive challenges or to
changes in business, product, financial, or market conditions and may not be able to maintain growth at rates that may be achieved by well-managed smaller and mid-size
companies, which may affect the companies’ returns.
Liquidity Risk — Holdings of the Fund may be difficult
to buy or sell or may be illiquid, particularly during times of market
turmoil. There is no assurance that a security or derivative instrument that is deemed liquid when purchased will continue to be liquid. Illiquid securities may be difficult to value, especially in
changing or volatile markets. If the Fund is forced to buy or sell an illiquid security or derivative instrument at an unfavorable time or price, the Fund may be adversely impacted. Certain
market conditions or restrictions may prevent the Fund from limiting losses,
realizing gains or achieving its investment objective. In certain
market conditions the Fund
may be one of many market participants that is attempting to transact in the securities of the Index. Under such circumstances, the market for securities of the Index may lack
sufficient liquidity for all market participants' trades. Therefore, the Fund may have more difficulty transacting in the securities or financial instruments and the Fund's
transactions could exacerbate illiquidity and price volatility in the securities of the Index.
To the extent that the instruments utilized by the Fund are thinly traded or have a limited market, the Fund may be unable to meet its investment
objective due to a lack of available investments or counterparties. During such periods, the Fund’s ability to issue additional Creation Units may be adversely affected.
As a result, the Fund’s shares could trade at a premium or discount to their net asset value and/or the bid-ask spread of the Fund’s shares could widen. Under such circumstances, the
Fund may be unable to rebalance its exposure properly which may result in significantly more or less exposure and losses to the Fund. In such an instance, the Fund may increase its
transaction fee, utilize derivatives instruments that are less correlated to the Index, change its investment objective by, for example, seeking to track an alternative index, reduce its exposure or
close.
Cash
Transaction Risk— At
certain times, the Fund may effect creations and redemptions for cash rather than for in-kind securities. As a result, the Fund may not be tax efficient and may incur
brokerage and financing costs related to buying and selling securities or obtaining derivative exposure to achieve its investment objective thus incurring additional expenses than if it had
effected creations and redemptions in kind. To the extent that such costs are not offset by transaction fees paid by an authorized participant, the Fund may bear such costs, which
will decrease the Fund’s net asset value.
Early Close/Trading Halt Risk — An exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or financial instruments. Under
such circumstances, the Fund may be unable to buy or sell certain portfolio securities or financial instruments, may be unable to rebalance its portfolio, may be unable to accurately price
its investments, and may disrupt the Fund’s creation/redemption process which means the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and it may incur substantial
losses. Additionally, an exchange or market may also halt the trading of the Fund’s shares, limiting an investor’s ability to buy or sell Fund shares on that exchange or market.
Equity Securities Risk — Publicly issued equity securities, including common stocks, are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to
fluctuate over time. Fluctuations in the value of equity securities in which the Fund invests, and/or has exposure to, will cause the net asset value of the Fund to fluctuate.
High Portfolio Turnover
Risk— Daily rebalancing of
the Fund’s holdings pursuant to its daily investment objective causes
a much greater number of portfolio transactions when compared to most ETFs. Additionally, active secondary market trading of the Shares could cause more frequent creation and redemption activities,
which would increase the number of portfolio transactions. High levels of portfolio transactions